Name ___________________________________________
Exam 2 Review
____ 1. Mitosis differs from meiosis in that mitosis results in
a. two genetically identical diploid cells.
b. four genetically identical haploid cells.
c. two genetically different diploid cells.
d. four genetically different haploid cells.
____ 2. If a cross between two black guinea pigs produces three black and one white offspring, then
a. the genes for coat color are linked to different
chromosomes.
b. a mutation occurred.
c. the alleles for coat color did not assort independently.
d. the parents were heterozygous for coat color.
____ 3. In an ecosystem, energy flows from
a. consumers to producers.
b. carnivores to heterotrophs.
c. the sun to autotrophs.
d. omnivores to consumers.
____ 4. What is the inheritance pattern illustrated by
the genetic cross in the Punnett square in
Figure 1?
a. simple dominance
c. codominance
b. incomplete dominance d. multiple alleles
____ 5. Unlike DNA, RNA
a. never leaves the nucleus.
b. has thymine.
c. is double-stranded.
d. has a ribose sugar.
____ 6. Which of the following procedures would you use to separate fragments of DNA?
a. polymerase chain reaction
b.translation
c. transformation
d. gel electrophoresis
_____7. All of the following environmental factors are abiotic EXCEPT
(A) decomposer. (B) light. (C) temperature. (D) soil. (E) oxygen.
_____8. Photosynthetic organisms in an ecosystem are an example of
I. Decomposers II. Consumers III. Producers
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III (E) II and III
_____9. A transfer RNA molecule contains all of the following EXCEPT
(A) ribose. (B) anticodon. (C) phosphate group. (D) thymine. (E) nucleotides.
_____10. Choose the correct order: kingdom,
(A) phylum, order, class, family, genus, species
(B) order, phylum, class, family, genus, species
(C) phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
(E) phylum, family, order, class, species,genus
The graph below shows the growth curves of two different species of Paramecium when they are grown together.
_____11.What does the graph indicate about the two species when they compete for the same resources?
(A) Both species grow and thrive.
(B) Neither species grow and thrive.
(C) Both species grow at the same rate.
(D) P. caudatum out competes P. aurelia in order to survive.
(E) P. aurelia out competes P. caudatum in order to survive.
_____12. In an ecosystem containing the food web shown below, one eventual result of the institution of a program by
farmers to get rid of field mice would be
(A) decreased amount of grasses.
(B) increased number of snakes.
(C) decreased number of rabbits.
(D) increased number of weasels.
(E) no change in the number of rabbits.
_____12. Turner syndrome, in which a female human has only one X chromosome in her cells, is a result of
(A) crossing-over. (B) nondisjunction. (C) translocation. (D) polyploidy. (E) karyotyping.
_____13. During metaphase II of meiosis, the chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers at their
(A) centrioles. (B) centromeres. (C) tetrads. (D) ribosomes. (E) poles.
_____14. Whales have been found to contain leg bones in their body wall. These are an example of
(A) homologous structures. (B) vestigial structures. (C) fossils. (D) geologic evolution. (E) analogous structures.
_____15. A person with type O blood can safely receive a transfusion of which type?
(A) A
(B) B
(C) O
(D) AB
(E) O or AB
_____16. In the nitrogen cycle, what organisms return molecular nitrogen to the atmosphere?
(A) Green plants called legumes
(B) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the roots of legumes
(C) Denitrifying bacteria
(D) Nitrifying bacteria
_____17. Respiration occurs at this (these) point(s) in the oxygen and carbon cycles shown above.
(A) 5 and 6
(B) 2, 3, and 6
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 6 only
(E) 5 only
_____18. These organisms (from the above image) also play a major role in the water cycle.
(A) 5 only
(B) 3 only
(C) 2 only
(D) 2 and 5
(E) 2, 3, and 5
Questions 19-21 refer to the graph below. The graph shows the change in eggshell thickness of two types of fish-eating
birds over a period of years. This period includes the years 1945– 1947, when DDT, a pesticide employed for insect
control, was introduced into general use
_____19. The most correct statement about the
eggshell thickness of Birds A and B is that
(A) it evened off from 1950 to 1960.
(B) it sharply increased between 1930 and 1940.
(C) it sharply decreased between 1945 and 1950.
(D) it sharply decreased between 1960 and 1970.
(E) it decreased to a lower level in Bird A than it did in Bird B.
_____20. According to the graph, DDT appears to have
(A) had a negative effect on eggshell
thickness.
(B) had no effect on eggshell thickness.
(C) reduced the populations of fish eaten
by these birds.
(D) had little effect after about 1955.
(E) been discontinued after about 1955.
Directions: Questions 21-23 refer to the set of lettered choices below. Select the one lettered choice that best fits
each statement. A choice may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
(A) Commensalism
(B) Parasitism
(C) Mutualism
21. Hookworms living in the intestines of humans are an example of this.
22. The barnacles living on the skin of a humpback whale are an example of this.
23. The microorganisms living in the digestive system of termites and humans are an example of this.
24. If brown horses are mated with white horses, 100% of the offspring have roan coats. If we assume a large number of
offspring, when roan horses are mated, the ratio of coat colors obtained will be
(A) 50% brown, 50% white.
(B) 25% brown, 50% roan, 25% white.
(C) 25% roan, 50% brown, 25% white.
(D) 25% white, 75% brown.
(E) 25% white, 75% roan.
_____25. The amino acid to be added to the
polypeptide chain at a particular step
during protein synthesis is specified by
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 5
(E) 6
_____26. Protein and two subunits of ribosomal
ribonucleic acid make up this structure.
(A) 1
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6
_____27. The building blocks of protein are
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
(E) 6
_____28. If the producers in an ecosystem represent 300,500 kilocalories of energy, how much energy is available to
secondary consumers, assuming a 10% transfer of energy at each trophic level?
(A) 300,500 kilocalories
(B) 30,050 kilocalories
(C) 3005 kilocalories
(D) 305 kilocalories
(E) 30.5 kilocalories
Questions 29- refer to the pedigree chart below. This pedigree chart shows the inheritance of baldness, a sex-linked trait,
in a family.
_____29. The sex chromosomes of person 2 must be
(A) X’X (B) XY’ (C) X’Y (D) X’X’ (E) XY
_____30. The sex chromosomes of any daughters produced by persons 8 and 9 will be
(A) X’X’ only (B) X’X only (C) XX or X’X (D) XX only (E) XY or X’Y
_____31. The probability that any sons produced by persons 5 and 6 will NOT possess the allele for baldness is
(A) 0% (B) 25% (C) 50% (D) 75%
(E) 100%
Scientists conduct a study of the populations and feeding interactions in a meadow. The following population data result
from this study:
_____32. What is the role of fungi in this ecosystem?
(A) Decomposer (B) Producer (C) Primary consumer
_____33. Which organisms are primary consumers?
(A) Hawks
(B) Insect-eating birds (C) Insects
(D) Predator
(D) Grasses only
(E) Autotroph
(E) Grasses and shrubs
_____34. In which organisms is the GREATEST amount of biomass contained?
(A) Hawks
(B) Insect-eating birds (C) Insects (D) Mushrooms and other fungi
(E) Grasses and shrubs
_____35. Which of the following genotypes could be correct for an individual with type B blood?
I. IBIB
II. IAIB
III. IBi
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and II only
(E) I and III only
_____36. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of molecules involved in protein synthesis?
(A) mRNA› DNA›tRNA › polypeptide
(B) DNA› mRNA›tRNA › polypeptide
(C) tRNA › DNA›mRNA› polypeptide
(D) DNA› tRNA ›mRNA› polypeptide
(E) DNA› mRNA›polypeptide › tRNA
_____37. The RNA sequence that would be transcribed from the DNA sequence GATTCCGACAT is
(A) CTAAGGCTGTA (B) CUAAGGCUGUA (C) TUCCAATUAUC
(D) GATTCCGACAT
38.