~ Extreme Earthquakes that Shook the World ~ LOCATION DATE DEATH TOLL Shansi, China January 23, 1556 830,000 MAGNITUDE ? Unknown ? OTHER INFO Deadliest quake ever! Series of 4 quakes. Land shifts added waterfalls to the Mississippi River. Fires were responsible for about 200 deaths New Madrid, Missouri (USA) December 16, 1811 Less than 100 ~ 8.0 San Francisco, California April 18, 1906 700 ~ 8.3 Kwanto, Japan September 1, 1923 143,000 ~ 8.3 Caused the Great Tokyo Fire 5.9 Occurred at a shallow depth, just under the city Agadir, Morocco Chile, South America February 29, 1960 Up to 15,000 May 22, 1960 Up to 5,000 9.5 Prince William Sound, Alaska (USA) March 28, 1964 125 9.2 Iran June 20, 1990 50,000 7.7 Northridge, California (USA) January 17, 1994 61 6.8 Kobe, Japan January 17, 1995 5,502 6.9 Indian Ocean December 26, 2004 230,000+ 9.1 Port–auPrince, Haiti Tohoku, Japan January 12, 2010 March 11, 2011 316,000 15,854 (3,155 missing) Largest known quake. Tsunami killed people in Hawaii and Japan. Largest quake in U.S. history. Most deaths caused by a tsunami. This earthquake caused deadly landslides. Caused $20 billion in damage. Soil beneath epicenter shook like liquid (liquefaction) Tsunami waves killed people in 14 countries 7.0 Building collapse was the major cause of death. 9.0 Most deaths occurred due to tsunami waves. Questions: Extreme Earthquakes that Shook the World Name: ___________________________________________________________ Section: ___________ Directions: Write the letter for your answer on the line before each question. __________1. Where was the strongest known earthquake – the quake with the highest magnitude? (magnitude = amount of energy released) A) Shansi, China B) Chile C) Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA __________ 2. When was the deadliest earthquake (highest death toll)? A) May 22, 1960 B) June 20, 1990 C) January 23, 1556 __________ 3. What was the magnitude of the most recent earthquake on this chart, that occurred in the year 2011? A) 15,854 B) 9.0 C) unknown __________ 4. How many earthquakes listed in the chart have a magnitude of 9.0 or above? A) 0 B) 2 C) 4 __________ 5. How did the earthquake in Chile, South America kill people far away in Hawaii and Japan? A) A tsunami wave traveled across the ocean. B) The shaking was so strong that it shook down buildings in both places. C) When a quake that big happens, it can cause a chain reaction of all over the world. _________ 6. Where was the quake with the lowest magnitude on this chart? A) Kobe, Japan B) San Francisco, California, USA C) Agadir, Morocco __________ 7. Why did the quake from question #6 above kill so many people? A) It happened in winter. B) The quake was shallow and was located right under the city. C) Not much was known about earthquake safety in 1960. __________ 8. Do earthquakes of the same/similar magnitude usually cause about the same number of deaths? (Find examples in the chart.) A) Yes B) No __________ 9. Which of the following can contribute to earthquake deaths? A) Landslides B) Tsunamis C) Fires D) All of the above __________ 10. If the New Madrid, Missouri area had a magnitude 8.0 earthquake today, would you expect the same, more, or fewer people to get hurt? A) More because more people live there now. B) Fewer because pretty much any modern building built today is earthquake-proof. C) About the same, because the magnitude and location is the same. __________ 11. Where was the second most deadly earthquake in history? A) Iran B) Port-au-Prince, Haiti C) San Francisco, California 12. Compare and contrast the Alaskan (9.2) and Indian Ocean (9.1) earthquakes on the chart. Why was there such a difference in the death toll from those two earthquakes that were so similar in magnitude? Write your answer below: