A.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Introduction - Framing the problem Philippines as the centre of the centre of global marine biodiversity Scientists refer to the 7,107 islands that make up the Philippines as the “center of the center” of global marine biodiversity. Its waters are home to whales, dolphins, 50 species of sea horses and over 2,000 species fish, including the largest fish in the world, the whale shark. Marine resources are also critical to the food security and livelihoods of Filipinos, as fish provide over 50% of their protein and support the livelihoods of millions of fishers and fish-related industries throughout the country. The Philippines is located in the Coral Triangle, a vast region in Southeast Asia made up of 18,500 islands and 647 million hectares of ocean. It is often referred to as the “nursery of the seas” because of the more than 500 species of coral and hundreds of thousands of hectares of sea grass and coastal mangrove forests that shelter and sustain a level of marine diversity unmatched anywhere on the planet. Species and Habitat under Complex Threats Today, however the global center of marine biodiversity is under extreme pressure. Over 40% of the reef and mangroves in the region have disappeared in the last 40 years. Near-shore overfishing is a serious threat to these natural resources, and reversing the effects will require a significant change in human behavior. Less than five percent of the Philippines’ coral reef ecosystems are still in pristine health, and in some fishing grounds, biomass is less than 10% of what it was 50 years ago. Most near-shore fishing is conducted by subsistence fishers in coastal communities although illegal intrusions by commercial fishers into municipal waters are cause for concern. A Campaign to Transform the Context Developing local approaches to addressing the threat of overfishing is increasingly recognized as vital to long-term economic and environmental sustainability in the region. The vision behind this plan, and the current cohort of 12 campaign developed under the Rare Pride Program in the Philippines, is to facilitate true community buy and ownership of the local Marine Protected Areas building on the tools developed in 20 years of experience in MPA management in the Philippines and combining it with the Rare Pride Methodology for social marketing. Through this strategy the objective is to get the local fishers population as well as the wider community in the Barangays surrounding the MPA to take ownership in and understand the benefit of no-take-areas and support essential management activities such as enforcement and governance of the MPA. Cohort Theory of change: a strategy for change In order to eliminate the principle threat of overfishing and destructive fishing the governance and enforcement infrastructures of the no-takezone (NTZ) at 12 sites in the Philippines will be strengthened via a proven self-assessment and planning tool, the Participatory Coastal Resources Assessment tool (PCRA). Key target audiences (local fishers and gleaners; the local community, the MPA enforcement team and local LGU officials) will be informed of the benefits of the No Take Zone (NTZ), the rules of the sanctuary, and the processes for becoming more engaged in the MPA management committee. Fishers and gleaners will come to believe in MPA as a tool for food security, and will support new reporting structures for arrests and prosecution of intruders. The conservation results will include increased perceived fish catch, increases in fish numbers and species richness, increase in invertebrates, and increase in coral reef health. 2. Tandayag and Bio-os Pride Campaign Theory of Change Theory of Change formula: K + A + IC + BR BC TR CR Primary Target Audience: Fishers of Tandayag and Bio-os (Fishers= Fishermen and Gleaners) Tandayag and Bio-os fishers become aware of the benefits of the MPA and know the MPA rules about not intruding and who to report intruders to Tandayag and Bio-os fishers believed that the MPA will benefit them if nobody intrudes to the MPA and believed that they have an important role to play by not intruding into the MPA and by reporting violators. Tandayag and Bio-os fishers increased discussion among themselves about the benefits they get from the MPA if nobody intrudes and about the important role they have to play in reporting intruders and by not intruding in the MPA Tandayag and Bioos fishers get involved in MPA management meetings and activities related to the MPA Enforcement infrastructure, reporting system, equipment and facilities need to be in place and working Tandayag and Bioos fishers follow the Tandayag and Bio-os MPA rules and regulations (Stop intruding) and report intrusions to enforcement the team The excessive removal of coral reef fishes and invertebrates caused by intrusion in the MPA is decreased if not totally eliminated Increase in coral cover, fish abundance/ biomass, invertebrates inside the MPA by 2012 K + A + IC + BR BC TR CR Secondary Target Audience: MPA Law Enforcement Team Tandayag and Bio-os MPA Enforcement Team know the importance of their role in ensuring an effective 24/7 guard system in order to get these benefits Tandayag Enforcement Team believed that 24/7 guarding /patrolling system and their role are crucial in order to get the benefits of the MPA Tandayag and Bio-os Enforcement Team would increase discussion among themselves about the importance of 24/7 guarding/patrolli ng system and their role in effective MPA management in order to get the benefits of the MPA Strengthened in the enforcement of Tandayag and Bio-os MPA rules and regulations through the following: - regular meetings to review roles and protocols of enforcement team -Introduce the logbook system -Improve enforcement infrastructure (guardhouse and marker buoys) and materials (gasoline) Tandayag MPA enforcement team follow the agreed 24/7 schedule of patrolling and improves coordination among Team members Threats to Tandayag and Bio-os MPA caused by intrusion will be reduced through 95% strict enforcement of MPA rules and regulations Increase in coral cover, fish abundance/ biomass, invertebrates inside the MPA by 2012 K + A + IC + BR BC TR CR Primary Target Audience: Communities of Tandayag and Bio-os Tandayag and Bio-os coastal community are - aware on the importance and benefits of their MPA -aware on the need for MPA governance and enforcement and the significance of their participation in enforcement (reporting violations) and governance Tandayag and Bio-os coastal community will: - realize the importance of the MPA and develop the strong sense of ownership over it -improved their level of trust to the enforcement team and believed they should report intrusions to them Discussion among Tandayag / Bio-os community members is centered on the importance of their role in reporting intrusions to improve MPA enforcement and benefits Tandayag and Bioos community representatives get involved in MPA management meetings and contributed to informed decisions related to MPA management Reporting system needs to be in place and working Tandayag and Bioos coastal communities will get involved in the governance and enforcement by actively participating in the monitoring and evaluation of their MPA, coastal cleanup, public consultations and events and become more vigilant in passing intelligence report to the enforcement team the main threat to the biodiversity health is reduced through reporting of violations. Increase in coral cover, fish abundance/ biomass, invertebrates inside the MPA by 2012 K + A + IC + BR BC TR CR Secondary Target Audience: Amlan LGU Employees The Amlan-LGU employees become aware of the basic concept of the MPA, the benefits of the presence of the Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs and the need to support MPA activities and promote the concept across the municipality The Amlan-LGU employees will believed in the importance of having MPAs and want to promote the idea to other town residents and support MPA related activities Increased discussion among Amlan-LGU employees about the importance of having the MPAs, promoting the idea to other town residents and supporting MPA related activities Develop a program of MPArelated activities that the LGU employees can participate in Amlan-LGU employees will be actively involved in activities related to Tandayag and Bioos MPAs Reduced fishing in Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs and Buffer Zones Increase in coral cover, fish abundance/ biomass, invertebrates inside the MPA by 2012 Participate in MPA activities and promote MPA concept. For those jobs who are related to the MPA, support MPA activities through their work Theory of Change narrative: To achieve the conservation results of 5% increase in coral cover and fish abundance, and 2% invertebrates inside the MPA in two years, 95% of the fishing community should be aware on the importance and benefits of their MPA and the need to enforce MPA rules and regulations. Through the 90% change in the community’s perception, 80% of the dialogue among themselves is centered at how they could be more proactive in improving MPA enforcement and governance. This dialogue will lead to 70% vigilance and reporting of intrusion in the MPA. This strengthened enforcement will consequently decrease about 65% in the removal of fish from the MPA. The Pride Campaign is fundamental in changing the behavior of the fishing community from being inactive to more proactive in the enforcement. 3. Site summary Project Name Project Name Tandayag and Bio-os Pride Campaign Project Data Effective Date 2011-06-02 Project Scope and Vision Scope/Site Name Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries Scope/Site Description Barangay Tandayag is in the municipality of Amlan, a 5th class municipality situated on the Eastern Coast of Negros Island. Amlan lies 21 kilometers North of Dumaguete City, the Provincial Capital of Negros Oriental, Central Visayas, Philippines. It is bounded to the East by Tañon Strait. It has eight (8) barangays, five of which have coastal areas while the other three are completely landlocked. The coastal zone of Barangay Tandayag is characterized by sandy to rocky shoreline and fringing coral reefs. Tandayag has a marine sanctuary established in 1996, with a total area of 9.22 hectares, including the buffer zone. There are 142 fish species, with a mean total reef fish density of 2307/500m2 and a mean total reef fish biomass of 42.3 kg/ 500m2 (Stockwell 2007). Overfishing, due to the intrusion of commercial fishers in the municipal waters, resulted to declining fish catch affecting the 431 fishermen who are mainly dependent on the coastal resources. Vision Statement Text A well-informed, responsible and committed Tandayag and Bio-os fishing communities capable of sustaining learned behavior to achieve the increased in live coral cover and fish biomass for a long-term conservation benefits. Biodiversity Features Biodiversity Area The Marine Protected Area of Tandayag has a total area of 9.22 hectares including the buffer zone (core zone is 6 hectares). It is within the municipal waters of 24.5 hectares (7km coastline and 3.5 km drawn perpendicular) Biodiversity Background 1.1. 142 fish species, mean total reef fish density 2307/500m2 mean total reef fish biomass 42.3 kg/ 500m ,mean top 2 2 predatory reef fish biomass 6.2 kg/ 500m (Stockwell 2007) Coral cover for the Tandayag marine sanctuary was low along the reef slope and moderate in the shallows along the reef flat. Both habitats had large amounts of sand, which is typical of patch reefs along the coastline of Negros Oriental. The low levels of rubble indicate little if any damage from blasting or storms. However, the relatively high amount of dead coral with algae (DCA) along the flat is a bit alarming. DCA is the result of recently killed coral that has been colonized by algae. This may be the result of a disturbance such as crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), disease, or the absence of herbivores in the reef. Coral cover it not likely to increase drastically over the years due the lack of appropriate hard substrate for the corals to colonize (Stockwell 2007). 2.1. Stockwell, Brian, Jadloc, Claro Renato, Maypa, Jasper P. and Portia Nillos-Kleiven. 2007. Preliminary Report: Biophysical Survey of Coral Reefs in Amlan, Negros Oriental. Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM), Silliman University, Dumaguete City, 6200 2.2. Results of the PCRA showed that live hard coral cover in the Tandayag marine reserve was at 28%. Sand (23%) and rubble (16%) were the other major substrate types. (Amlan PCRA 2007) Method used: point intercept 2.3. 1996 Fish Count (1995 survey by CEMRINO) Fish composition- 106 species of reef fish of 6,438 individuals (1500m2) Average live coral cover 30-50% (whole Tandayag area, method 14 manta tows) Video tapes- first results indicated good live coral cover to a water depth of 5-7 m. In deeper areas (15-20), live coral cover decreased rapidly with sand being the predominant substrate type. A quantitative assessment of the 5 video transects indicated a live coral cover of 22%. 2.4. The municipality of Amlan has a total of 23 mangrove and associated species which can be found in Barangay Tandayag (which has 8 species) and Bio-os (17 species) (p.53 Citation: Yambao, A.C., A.T. White, W.E. Ablong and M.R. Alcala. 2001. Coastal Environmental Profile of Negros Oriental, Philippines. Coastal Resource Management Project, Cebu City, Philippines, 107p. 3.0. Vegetation Types In the coastal area: Mangroves species: Rhizophora, Sonneratia, Avicennia species, Nypa fruticans Protected Area Information Protected Area Categories Category V: Protected Seascape Category VI: Managed Resource Protected Area Legal Status Apart from being established as the Marine Protected Area under Ordinance No. 03, S. 2007, Tandayag and Bio-os are also within the Tañon Strait, a protected seascape under Presidential Proclamation No. 1234. The legal steps for the Tañon Strait did not reach Congressional Action though. Legislative Context Hard Enforcement: 1. Tandayag Marine Sanctuary-Legally established through the Municipal Ordinance No. 02, Series of 1996. 2. Bio-os Marine Sanctuary- Municipal Ordinance No. 21, Series of 1999. Municipal Ordinance No. 03, Series of 2007: A Comprehensive Municipal Ordinance for the Sustainable Development, Management, Conservation and Protection of the Municipal Waters and its Coastal and Fishery Resources, Harmonizing and Integrating All Ordinances Pertinent thereto and for other purposes., otherwise known as “Amlan Comprehensive Coastal Resource Management Ordinance.” Physical Description Only a very small portion of the total land area of the municipality is flat. Except for plains along the coastline, the terrain of the municipality is generally hilly and mountainous. There is, therefore a tendency of the soil to be carried down by the water during heavy rains. The silting of waterways, channels, roads and harbors evidenced this. Improper farming practices and indiscriminate cutting of trees on the mountainsides can further aggravate the erosion problem. The coastal area of Tandayag is characterized by fringing reef and sandy to rocky shoreline. Coral cover in the Tandayag marine sanctuary was low along the reef slope and moderate in the shallows along the reef flat. Both habitats had large amounts of sand, which is typical of patch reefs along the coastline of Negros Oriental. Bio-os shoreline is sand Biological Description Tandayag MPA- fringing reef Bio-os MPA – Offshore reef Socio-Economic Information Among the notable industrial institutions of Amlan are the oil depots of Caltex Philippines, Shell Philippines, and Petron. It has also the Tandayag Port, which is accessible by small boats coming from Cebu. The National Power Corporation has the control power system for the primary lines supplying the Negros Island, Cebu and Panay Island, and also maintains a hydro-electric plant in Amlan. The total commercial land use in the Urban Area is 34.48 hectares. The town is very poor in commerce and trade, in spite of its Tandayag wharf and industries which support its commercial activities. Most of the fishermen in Tandayag and Bio-os depend entirely on fishing for their livelihood. Others have part time job like, carpentry, labor work and farming during off season for fishing. Some of the fishermen who are Bantay Dagat members could also earn through their honoraria given to them by the local government unit and the Barangay. Historical Description The marine protected areas of Tandayag and Bio-os were established in 1996 and 1999, respectively by the Local Government Unit, through the initiative of the Center for the Establishment of Marine Protected Areas in Negros Oriental (CEMRINO), a European Union Funded NGO and the German Development Service and in partnership with the Provincial Government of Negros Oriental and the local government unit of Amlan and the support of the Barangay Council of Tandayag and Bio-os. Cultural Description The town observes its annual fiesta every 30th of November, the Patron Saint being St. Andrew. On that day, all roads lead to the municipality, as it is a National Holiday, being Andres Bonifacio Day. On the other hand, the town can equal if not excel other municipalities in social as well as in cultural affairs. Modesty aside, Amlan has been chosen as the cleanest and greenest town of the Oriental Negros and certified healthy municipality by the Regional Health Office. The most popular activity in the barangay is the celebration of fiestas. Barangay Tandayag celebrates its annual fiesta every June 29 in honor of Saints Peter and Paul. Sitio Cooton also celebrates fiesta every March 15 and Upper Tandayag celebrates fiesta every April 18. Almost all Tandayaganons celebrate the annual town fiesta every November 30. Access Information The Tandayag marine sanctuary is in proximity to the provincial highway. Visitors could walk about 300 meters from the highway. Barangay Tandayag is traversed by the National road which links the two Negros Provinces. Passenger vehicles plying the Dumaguete to Bacolod route, Dumaguete-Mabinay-Kabankalan, Dumaguete-Bais, Dumaguete-Guihulngan routes and the north bound route pass by Barangay Tandayag at regular route which is 19 kilometers from Dumaguete City. A number of jeepneys also ply the Amlan-Dumaguete route. Tricyles, jeepneys, motorcycles, bicycles, are the common means of transportation for inftro-municipal travel. The interior portion of the barangay can be passed through the farm to market road. The Tandayag Wharf in the southern portion of this barangay serves as the gateway to Cebu. Ferry boats for interisland transfer are available from early in the morning till late in the afternoon. Visitation Information Because of its fine beaches, Amlan boasts a lucrative domestic tourism industry. The more popular beachfronts are Greenhouse, Dalisay, Bomediano, and Baguio Beach in Mag-abo. As part of the CRM program, Amlan also endeavors to increase local and international tourism by promoting diving and snorkeling in its municipal waters. Amlan also boasts for its beautiful waterfalls, rivers, hiking areas and mountain biking trails that could be sustainably developed and promoted as eco-tourism destinations. Current uses of the MPA and adjacent coastline The total land area of the barangay is 524 hectares, eighteen point eighteen percent (18.18%) is coastal, forty five point six percent ( 45.6 % ) is plain and thirty point thirty six percent ( 30.36 ) is mountainous. Of these terrain characteristics, 19.29 hectares are for residential, .69 has. Is for commercial, .21 has. are for industrial, 1.39 has. For institutional and 502.42 has. Is for agricultural (MPDO Amlan). Management Resources The management of Tandayag MPA is currently under the supervision of the Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO) through its deputized Bantay Dagat or Fish Wardens IUCN Red-list Species Red-List Species 1) Marine Turtle Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) English Name: Green turtle Red List Category and Criteria: Endangered A2bd ver 3.1 Green turtles, like other sea turtle species, are particularly susceptible to population declines because of their vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts during all life-stages: from eggs to adults. Perhaps the most detrimental human threats to green turtles are the intentional harvests of eggs and adults from nesting beaches and juveniles and adults from foraging grounds. Unfortunately, harvest remains legal in several countries despite substantial subpopulation declines (e.g., Humphrey and Salm 1996, Fleming 2001, Fretey 2001). In addition, a number of incidental threats impact green turtles around the world. These threats affect both terrestrial and marine environments, and include bycatch in marine fisheries, habitat degradation at nesting beaches and feeding areas, and disease. Mortality associated with entanglement in marine fisheries is the primary incidental threat; the responsible fishing techniques include drift netting, shrimp trawling, dynamite fishing, and long-lining. Degradation of both nesting beach habitat and marine habitats also play a role in the decline of many Green Turtle stocks. Nesting habitat degradation results from the construction of buildings, beach armoring and re-nourishment, and/or sand extraction (Lutcavage et al. 1997). These factors may directly, through loss of beach habitat, or indirectly, through changing thermal profiles and increasing erosion, serve to decrease the quantity and quality of nesting area available to females, and may evoke a change in the natural behaviors of adults and hatchlings (Ackerman 1997). The presence of lights on or adjacent to nesting beaches alters the behavior of nesting adults (Witherington 1992) and is often fatal to emerging hatchlings as they are attracted to light sources and drawn away from the water (Witherington and Bjorndal 1990). Habitat degradation in the marine environment results from increased effluent and contamination from coastal development, construction of marinas, increased boat traffic, and harvest of nearshore marine algae resources. Combined, these impacts diminish the health of coastal marine ecosystems and may, in turn, adversely affect green turtles. For example, degradation of marine habitats has been implicated in the increasing prevalence of the tumor-causing Fibropapilloma disease (George 1997). (August 23, 2010) http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/4615/0 Other Notable Species Other Notable Species Groupers (Epinephelus miniata, Cephalopholis sp.); Rabbitfishes (Siganus guttatus); Fusiliers (Caesio cuning); Butterflyfishes (Chaetodon sp.); Snappers (Lutjanus monostigma); Parrotfishes (Scarus sp.) Location and Topography MPA Latitude 9° 26’ (minutes) 32.55” east MPA Longitude 123°13’ (minutes) 22.98“ north Country Philippines States/Provinces Negros Oriental Municipalities Amlan Legislative Districts District II Location Details Barangay Tandayag is situated 1.6 km. south of Barangay Poblacion and 19.4 kms. away from the Provincial Capitol. It is bounded on the north by Barangay Poblacion, on the south th the Tañon Strait, on the west by Barangay Siapo and on the south by Barangay Tampi of San Jose. Site Map Reference http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=Amlan,+Negros+Oriental,+Philippines&daddr=&hl=en&geoco de=&mra=ls&sll=9.444363,123.18013&sspn=0.184236,0.338173&ie=UTF8&t=h&z=12&iwloc= Comments Any additional information about your site’s location that has not been included above, but you think you will need to be included in your site summary. Human Stakeholders Human Stakeholder Population Size 22,173 Social Context The municipality of Amlan is comprised of eight (8) barangays, five (5) of which are coastal. The total population of the entire municipality is 22,173. Rare Pride Campaign Threats addressed by campaign Other threats at site Threats impacting the MPA NTZ that campaign will address; include IUCN categories Include other threats not addressed by campaign that may impact the NTZ; leave blank if not applicable Number of communities in campaign area Target audiences Fishermen and gleaners TA 1.A (Fishers, Tandayag -120) Fishers=Fishermen and Gleaners TA 1.B (Fishers, Bio-os – 70) TA 3.A (Tandayag Community- 4,000) TA 3.B (Bio-os Community – 3,000) BC- Biodiversity area (ha) Habitat Biodiversity hotspot(s) Flagship species common name Flagship species scientific name Flagship species details (<200 words) Campaign ambassador Cohort ambassador Additional groups reached through the campaign: TA 2 (Enforcement Team-55) TA 4 (Amlan-236) LGU Employees=206, TWG members=30) Tandayag 6.58; Bio-os 8.87 Coral Reefs Coral triangle Red Grouper (locally known as Lapu-lapu) Epinephelus miniata This species was chosen because this is a high-valued species found in the marine sanctuaries of Tandayag and Bio-os and this needs protection since its population is declining. Kuya Kim is a TV personality who became famous in his love of animals. He has a TV Program named “Batang Lawin” – about animals. 4. Project team and stakeholders Lead Agency and Pride Conservation Fellow # Name 1 TEVES, MERCY 2 BARILLO, ANABELE 3 DE LA PENA, JOAQUIN 4 AMARO, LUCENA 5 BARILLO, MANRIC 6 RAMIREZ, MARIA VICTORIA 7 AGUILAR, REY Organization Contact details ENRD-Office of the Governor mcyteves@gmail.com 0939-204-0676/ +63 (35) 2255563 ENRD-Office of the Governor ENRD-Office of the Governor ENRD-Office of the Governor ENRD-Office of the Governor ENRD-Office of the Governor anabarillo_negor@yahoo.com Position Division Chief CRM Technical Staff Section Chief Section Chief Provincial CRM Coordinator District Operation Supervisor Field Worker ENRD-Office of the Governor Strategic partners/key stakeholders Role in relation to campaign Pride Campaign Supervisor/ Project Leader Pride Conservation Fellow 0920-429-1314 Campaign Advisor 0949.170.2866 Alternate Campaign Supervisor 0905-975-8118 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Provides assistance in workshops and planning 0926.534.1946 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Key contact to Barangay Council 0926.602.8259 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Key contact to Church # Name 1 2 DE LA CRUZ, BENTHAM Position Municipal Mayor TAGLE, JOB MENRO-designate 3 ABIERRA MAO 4 SILORIO, GEOFFREY Department Head Organization Contact details +63 (35) 417-0694 LGU-Amlan Municipal Environment and 0917-314-3299/ Natural Resources +63 (35) 417-0694 Office (MENRO)loc. 114 Amlan Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) Municipal Planning and Development Office +63 (35) 417.0694 loc. 102 Role in relation to campaign Key in the success of Pride Campaign implementation Pride Campaign TWG member; Community mobilization, Supervise Coastal Law enforcement Pride Campaign TWG member; MPA planning, Provides technical assistance (Livelihood- Barrier Removal) Pride Campaign TWG member ; Gives advice in MPA planning, Ensures budget allocation for Pride Campaign During the planning phase of the campaign a Technical Working Group (TWG) and a management Committee (ManCom) were formed/ strengthened to help support the governance and management of the MPA. Please refer to the MPA Governance and Management Plan (Section C of this document) for further details and composition of these two bodies.