Textbook/Lecture Notes
A Changing Land
Forming Our
Mountains of Fire
Mountains
Lessons of Mt. St. Helens
Our Most Dangerous Volcano
Forming the Columbia Plateau
Ice Age Washington
J. Harlen Bretz
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Topic: Chapter Two: Fire and Ice: Washington’s Geology (pg. 22-35)
1. A Changing Land
a. What is continental drift? (24)
b.What and when was Pangaea?(24)
c. Where was the original west
coast of North America?(24)
d.What formed the Kootenay Arc?(24)
e. Next “parts of the puzzle”?(24)
f. What makes the North Cascades
rock different from all others?(24)
g. What happened starting 15,000
years ago? How much/often?(24)
h. What are several clues that
fossils tell us? (24)
i. How is coal formed? Where
is it found in Washington?(24-25)
2. Forming Our Mountains
a. What are some forces that
create mountain ranges (26)
b. Tell about the ages of our
three mountain ranges.(26)
3. Mountains of Fire
a. What is the Ring of Fire?(27)
(continued on the back)
4. Lessons of Mt. St. Helens.
Give some of the details of the events on May 18, 1980(28)
How many died? Why did some remain in danger?(29)
What is Mt. St. Helens like today?(29)
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Questions/Main Ideas:
Notes:
b. What are the “sleeping giants”?
When will they wake up”? (27)
5. Our Most Dangerous
Volcano (30)
What are some reasons that
scientists are worried? (30)
6. Forming the Columbia
Plateau
a. What activity formed the
Plateau? How? (31)
b. What is loess? How was it
formed? What was the result? (31)
7. Ice Age Washington
a. What caused Ice Age?
When did it happen? (32)
b. What region was shaped
by glaciers? How thick? (32)
c.What created Lake Missoula? (32)
What caused it to flood? (32)
d. How often did floods
happen? What did floods
leave behind? (32)
e. What was the effect of ice
floods on the Columbia? (33)
f. What is a coulee? (33)
g. Describe the Grand Coulee.(33)
h. What is Dry Falls? (33)
i. What are cataracts? (33)
j. How did they change over time?(33)
8. J. Harlen Bretz
a. What did Bretz argue with other geologists about? (33)
b. What modern innovation proved Bretz correct? How old was he? (33)
c. What are floods called today? (33)
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© 2004 AVID Center. All rights reserved.