Anatomy & Physiology – Digestive System Test
VERSION G
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Please record you answers on the answer sheet. If possible, do not write
on this test. If you do place a large X on the front.
1. If you found a skull of an unknown ancient animal with teeth consisting of mostly molars, you would
conclude the animal probably ate
a. Grass
b. Insects
c. Fish
d. Mice
2. Salivary amylase is important in the breakdown of
a. Nucleic acids
b. Proteins
c. Fats
d. Carbohydrates
3. The rhythmic waves of muscular contraction in the esophagus that lets you continue to
move swallowed food to your stomach is called
a. Contractions
b. Peristalsis
c. Paralysis
d. GDMM (Gravity-defying muscular movement)
4. The pancreas releases enzymes in an inactive form called
a. pre-enzymes
b. zymogen
c. philoticenzymase
d. inactivogen
5. Proteins are mainly digested in the ____________ by __________
a. stomach, pepsin
b. mouth, amylase
c. small intestine, bile salts
d. liver, bile
6. Fats are chemically digested in the ____________
a. small intestine
b. stomach
c. gall bladder
d. mouth
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7. Bile is produced by the cells that are a part of the _______ (name the organ)
a. pancreas
b. liver
c. gall bladder
d. stomach
8. The parietal and chief cells are located in the
a. pancreas
b. liver
c. gall bladder
d. stomach
9. Given the shape and location of incisors, what is their function?
a. grind
b. pierce and tear
c. cut
d. look pretty 
10. What is the valve at the end of the stomach that empties liquefied “food” into the small intestine called?
a. cardiac sphincter
b. epiglottis
c. ileocelal valve
d. pyloric sphincter
11. A patient comes into the doctor’s office complaining of severe pain in their abdomen between meals. They
do get relief from the pain when they take antacids but were very concerned when they started vomiting
blood. Based on this information which is true?
a. The patient has pancreatitis; It has destroyed the mucosa of the small intestine
b. The patient has pancreatitis; It has destroyed the gastric pits in the stomach
c. The patient has an ulcer; It has worn away just the mucosa layer of the stomach
d. The patient has an ulcer; It has worn away the mucosa and part of the submucosa layer of the
stomach
e. The patient has an ulcer; It has worn away only the muscularis of the stomach
12. A patient comes in complaining of fatigue, edema in certain parts of the body, bleeding gums, and sores on
their body. They also mention that they have gone without ANY citrus fruits for several months. This patient
would most likely have _______________ and be lacking ________________________.
a. Vitamin D, Ricketts
b. Vitamin A, Ricketts
c. Vitamin C, Scurvy
d. Vitamin E, Scurvy
13. Fats are degraded into ___________. This is important because the monomers of fats are used to ______.
a. lipids; insulate/protect
b. fatty acids; make proteins
c. glycerol; form cell membranes
d. glycerol& fatty acids; insulate/protect, form cell membranes
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14. What enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats?
a. adiposase
b. pepsinogen
c. trypsin
d. lipase
e. fatase
15. Bile salts are delivered to the _____________ to emulsify __________.
a. stomach; proteins
b. jejunum/ileum; proteins
c. pancreas; fats
d. duodenum; fats
16. The pancreas is essential for life.
a. True
b. False
17. After monomers of food have been absorbed through the small intestines into the capillaries, the blood
goes first to the __________ to remove some toxic substances and excessive glucose that may have been
absorbed into the blood stream (hint: this organ is incredibly close in proximity to the intestines and is
found in the direction that oxygen poor blood would be flowing as it moved through the body)
a. the heart
b. the lungs
c. the liver
d. the kidneys
18. What helps reduce the acidity of the material released from the stomach into the duodenum?
a. pepsin
b. intrinsic factor
c. glucose
d. bicarbonate
19. After a carbohydrate-rich meal, the liver removes excess glucose (after your cells have enough glucose)
from the blood and stores it as
a. fat
b. glucagon
c. glycogen
d. cellulite
20. What hormone stimulates the removal of excess glucose from the blood by “telling” cells to absorb
glucose?
a. lipase
bglucase
c. glucagon
d. insulin
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21. What intestinal area absorbs the most water?
a. large intestine
b. duodenum
c. jejunum
d. ileum
22. Where are starches (a type of carbohydrate) chemically digested?
a. Mouth
b. Stomach
c. Small Intestine
d. A and C
e. A, B, and C
23. What hormone stimulates the process of glycogenesis?
a. Histamine
b. Glucagon
c. Maltase
d. Insulin
24. What is the BEST definition of an essential amino acid?
a. Amino Acids that you need to live
b. Amino Acids that your body cannot make
c. Amino Acids that your body can make
d. Amino Acids that help you do magic
25. Pepsinogen, secreted in the stomach, is activated by _________, that is made by the ___________ cells.
a. NaOH, parietal
b. NaOH, chief
c. HCl, parietal
d. HCl, chief
26. ________is the first part of the small intestine.
a. Jejunum
b. Ileum
c. Omentum
d. Duodenum
27. The __________is the most active region of the stomach.
a. Cardiac
b. Fundus
c. Pyloric
d. Body
28. The bicarbonate-rich, alkaline mucus is________________________.
a. acidic
b. basic
c. neutral
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29. Which of the following is NOT secreted in pancreatic juices?
a. Lipase
b. Bicarbonate mucus
c. Nucleases
d. Chyme
30. The process of breaking down glycogen in the liver when blood sugar is low, is called_____________.
a. glycogenolysis
b. gluconeogensesis
c. glucogenesis
d. glyconeogenesis
FILL IN THE BLANK: Record the name of the disease that best matches the description.
Record your answers on the answer sheet. If possible, do not write on this test.
1. This condition is caused by a virus that makes the salivary glands swell. If left untreated in males, it
can make them sterile. Nowadays, most children are vaccinated for this disease so it’s uncommon.
2. This condition is marked by hardening of the liver due to the build-up of scar tissue.It can be caused by
excessive drinking or exposure to the hepatitis virus.
3. This condition is the result of inflammation of the section of colon that can be easily obstructed.
Patients that suffer from this condition present with sharp pain in the lower right quadrant of the
abdomen. If left untreated the segment of tissue could rupture flooding the abdomen with bacteria
4. This condition can be related to the presence of gallstones and causes the skin and eyes to appear
yellow.
5. This condition arises when bile becomes too concentrated in its storage container and the salts
crystallize forming solid masses that are painful.
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LABEL THE DIAGRAM: Record the name of the structure indicated by each box
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Short Answer: Put your answers below.
1. Trace the path of digestion from the mouth to the anus using the following structures: oral cavity,
pharynx, esophagus, pyloric sphincter, cardiac sphincters, ileum, duodenum, jejunum, ascending colon,
descending colon, transverse colon, cecum, rectum, anus
2. Describe the function of the following enzymes and hormones. Pay attention to your Latin roots!!!!
CCK-
Gastrin-
Glucagon-
Extra Credit- 1 POINT******
What study techniques did you use to study for this test (book, notes, labs...etc)?
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