PISD Chemistry December Benchmark Review 2015
1 Describe the differences between solids, liquids, and gases. Draw a diagram of atoms in the solid state
changing to liquid state changing to gaseous state.
2 Explain the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property. Give 4 examples of each.
3 Explain the difference between a physical change and a chemical change. Give 4 examples of each.
4 Explain the difference between a mixture and a pure substance. Give 4 examples of each.
5 Explain what apparatus and procedure you would use to separate a mixture of sand, salt, water, and iron
shavings.
6 For each scientist in the table below, discuss their experiment, including special equipment, their key
conclusion, and how it changed our view of the atom:
Scientist
Experiment/Key
Equipment
Key Conclusions
How did it change our
view of the atom?
Thomson
Rutherford
Dalton
Bohr
Isotope
Cu-63
Cu-65
Relative
Abundance
69.17 %
30.83 %
Mass (amu)
62.929
64.927
7 Using the table above, find the atomic mass of the element.
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PISD Chemistry December Benchmark Review 2015
8 Solve the following mole calculations:
a. How many grams are in 4.23 moles of calcium?
b. How many moles are in 56.98 grams aluminum?
c. How many atoms are in 13.5 grams of zinc?
d. How many moles are in 3.450 x1023 atoms of lead?
e. How many moles are in 2.45 x 1023 atoms of magnesium?
f. How many grams are in 7.651x1024 atoms of silver?
9 Perform the following calculations
a. a. Find the density of a rectangular piece of metal with mass of 48.5 g and the dimensions 2.0 cm by 3.0
cm by 7.0cm.
b. b. Find the volume of a substance with density of 1.79 g/mL and mass of 34.5 g.
c. c. Find the mass of a coin with volume of .75 cm3 and density of 2.73 g/cm3.
d. d. A measured mass of an unreactive metal was dropped into a graduated cylinder half filled with water.
The following measurements were made. What is the density of the metal?
Mass of metal
27.275 g
Volume of water before addition of metal
11.4 mL
Volume of water after addition of meatal
15.8mL
e.
f.
g.
h.
d. Convert 12.5 m to cm
e. Convert 8.7 g to kg
f. Convert 42.0 mL to nL
g. Convert 5.32 kg to µg
10 Determine the number of significant figures in the following measurements
a. 20.00 ___________
c. 40.080 __________
b. 184,345 _________
d. 4,000,000 _______
11 Define the mole
a. How many atoms are in 1 mole of zinc?
b. How many grams are in 1 mole of zinc?
12 Sketch out the electromagnetic spectrum. Include: x-rays, microwaves, gamma rays, UV light, IR light, visible
light, and radio waves.
a. Show how the frequency of electromagnetic radiation goes from low to high across the spectrum.
b. Show how the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation goes from long to short across the spectrum.
c. Show how the energy of electromagnetic radiation goes from low to high across the spectrum.
13 Sketch out the visible light spectrum. Label the colors.
a. Show how the frequency of electromagnetic radiation goes from low to high across the spectrum.
b. Show how the energy of electromagnetic radiation goes from low to high across the spectrum.
14 Perform the following calculations:
a. What is the frequency of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 1.5 x 10-3 m?
b. What is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 2.8 x 1015 Hz?
c. What is the energy of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 5.9 x 1016 Hz?
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PISD Chemistry December Benchmark Review 2015
15 Write the electron configuration, noble gas configuration, and orbital notation for the following elements:
a. Phosphorus (atomic #15)
b. Palladium (atomic #46)
c. Potassium (atomic #19)
16 For each of the following groups, what ending electron configuration do the elements have?
a. Group 1 and 2 elements
b. Group 13 to 18 elements
c. Group 3 to 12 elements (transition elements)
d. Lanthanide and actinide series elements (inner transition elements)
17 Explain the contributions of Mendeleev and Mosely to the modern periodic table arrangement.
18 For each of the following families on the periodic table, list how many valence electrons they have and what
you know of their properties:
Alkali metal
Alkali earth metals
Halogens
Noble gases
19 Explain the group and period trends on the periodic table for the following
a. Atomic radius
b. Electronegativity
c. Atomic mass
d. Ionization energy
e. Ionic radius
20 Fill out the table below for the different types of bonds:
Ionic
Covalent
Types of elements
involved with this type of
bonding
What holds the atoms
together?
What properties do these
types of compounds
have?
21 Explain how electrons move in a metallic bond and why they are considered good conductors of heat and
electricity, malleable, and ductile.
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PISD Chemistry December Benchmark Review 2015
22 Draw the Lewis dot structure for the following ionic compounds
a. K3P
b. CaCl2
23 Draw the Lewis dot structure for the following covalent compounds and identify the molecular and electron
pair geometries of each
a. CH4
d. CO2
b. H2O
e. BH3
c. PF3
24 Write the chemical formula for each of the following:
a. lead (II) oxide
b. lead (IV) sulfide
c. barium nitrate
d. aluminum hydroxide
e. zinc chloride
f. copper (II) oxide
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
potassium sulfate
potassium oxide
cobalt (III) fluoride
copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
phosphoric acid
sulfurous acid
25 Name the following compounds:
a. PBr5
b. PbI4
c. N2O3
d. H2SO4
e. Ag3PO4
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
CaO
Cu(OH)2
CoCl2·6H2O
HCl
NH4Br
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