Environmental AP Final Exam Review
Covering Chapters 18, 19, 20, 10, 11
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This term means “made foul, unclean, or dirty”
Which of the following is NOT a natural source of air pollution?
Which of the following natural source of air pollution produces sulfur?
Which of the following natural source of air pollution produces spores?
Which of the following natural source of air pollution produces methane?
Which of the following natural source of air pollution produces terpenes?
Pollutants released directly into the air from the source are called _________.
Pollutants that have been modified after they enter the air to a hazardous form are called __________.
Which of the following will cause air products to oxidate and become hazardous? (answer all that apply)
Which of the following were designated as major pollutants in the 1070 Clean Air Act? (answer all that
apply)
11. This air pollutant has production quantities in nature at 370,000 and anthropogenically at 29,600 million
metric tons per year.
The following questions relate to specific process for emissions production (for example: Respiration, Fossil fuel
burning, Land clearing, Gas drilling, Landfills, and Industrial processes, but does not include every possible worldwide production source)
12. This air pollutant has production quantities in nature at 1580 and anthropogenically at 930 million metric
tons per year.
13. This air pollutant has production quantities in nature at 155 and anthropogenically at 350 million metric
tons per year.
14. This air pollutant has production quantities in nature at 860 and anthropogenically at 92 million metric
tons per year.
15. Which of the following is a source of CO2?
16. Which of the following is a source of CH4?
17. Which of the following is a source of NMHC?
18. Which of the following is NOT a compound of sulfur produced by natural causes?
19. Which of the following does NOT describe the anthropogenic production of sulfur?
20. Which of the following does NOT describe the nitrogen compound air pollutants?
21. Which of the following describes the current amounts of carbon dioxide production in the world? (answer
with all that apply)
22. Which of the following does NOT describe carbon monoxide as an air pollutant?
23. Which of the following is NOT a result of smelting, combustion, and disposal of metals?
24. Which of the following is NOT considered a toxic metal air pollutant?
25. Which of the following is NOT considered a toxic halogen air pollutant?
26. Which of the following is NOT true about water and the planet earth?
27. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is where water directly leaves the liquid state and becomes a gas
28. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is where water is in the gaseous state and becomes clouds
29. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is where the water vapor returns to liquid state and falls to the earth
30. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is when water enters the soil
31. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is when water moves through the soil
32. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is similar to distillation
33. This part of the Hydrologic cycle is when water is released by plants
34. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of water resources
35. Which of the following terms describes the amount of water vapor in the air
36. Which of the following terms describes the amount of water the air can hold
37. Which of the following terms describes the amount of water vapor expressed as a percent of the
maximum amount at any given temperature
38. Which of the following expressions of condensation will NOT occur
39. Which of the following will NOT cause condensation
40. What is the name given to the above forms that WILL start condensation
41. This area of the globe has never received rainfall in recorded history
42. Deserts occur along the following
43. Yearly evaporation of water is approximately ________ km 3
44. Greater evaporation of water occurs in the
45. Lower evaporation of water occurs in the
46. This percent of all evaporated water is from the ocean
47. How much of the water, in question 46, returns to the ocean?
48. Which of the following is NOT true about water in the ocean
49. 99.959% of all water resides in these four categories, place them in order from most to least
50. What is the average residence time for water in the ocean?
51. In the definition of water quality, which of the following is NOT considered a key element?
52. Which of the following is NOT a natural source of water pollution?
53. Pollution that is considered scattered or diffuse is called?
54. Pollution that is discharged from a specific location is called?
55. Which of the following is NOT an example of an infectious agent from water pollution?
56. Which of the following is NOT an example of an infection carried by insects with larval stages originated in
polluted water?
57. This percentage of dissolved oxygen is suitable to support game fish (ppm)
58. This percentage of dissolved oxygen is suitable for worms, bacterial, and other decomposers
59. These materials increase respiration, reducing dissolved oxygen
60. The amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by aquatic microorganisms over a 5-day period is called
61. This process uses dichromate ion to break down all organic matter
62. This process uses an electrode to determine oxygen content
63. This is the effect on oxygen pollution causes downstream
64. This is when lakes are rich in organic materials
65. This is when lakes are very clear and have low biotic potential
66. This is when organic material has increased due to human activity
67. Organic materials increase in aquatic systems directly from the increase of these two elements
68. This form of pollution is highly toxic and can bio-accumulate
69. This form of pollution is released from processes such as leather tanning
70. This form of pollution includes selenium and arsenic
71. This form of pollution kills fish due to Al ion release
72. This form of pollution is responsible for serious episodes in Japan and South America
73. Pesticide runoff is created from this type of pollution
74. Tin and Cadmium are considered this type of pollution
75. 25 billion metric tons of this type of pollution is created from cropland
76. Young soil is rich in all of the following except
77. Old soils lose their nutrients through what process
78. Which of the following is NOT a major component of soil
79. If minerals in the soil are the same as the parent material, they are called
80. If the minerals in the soil have been changed chemically they are called
81. Which of the following is NOT given to the soil by the addition of organic matter
82. This soil component is responsible for the oxidation soil particles
83. This soil component is responsible for the uptake of nutrients
84. This soil component is responsible for the majority of nutrients in soil
85. This soil component is the majority source of carbon and hydrogen in the soil
86. Top soil accumulates at a rate of ____________ per hectare
87. The top soil accumulation has a total depth of _______ over the entire area
88. Overall soil composition is considered to be about ________ mineral
89. The soil particle size of sand is
90. The soil particle size of silt is
91. Which of the following is the definition of governmental policy?
92. The soil particle size of clay is
93. The soil particle size of gravel is
94. A soil that is 100% organic matter is called
95. Another name for soil organic matter is
96. Which of the following does NOT describe soil organisms
97. Which of the following is NOT a factor of soil profiles
98. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a soil profile
99. Which of these letters is NOT included in a soil profile (represent soil horizons)
100. This soil horizon is considered top soil
101. This soil horizon is called the zone of leaching (elluviation)
102. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of public policy?
103. Which of the following defines environmental policy?
104. Which of the following is NOT a principle of using politics as a power base for decision making?
105. Which of the following describes the utilitarian approach to rational choice decision making?
106. Which of the following is NOT a problem with utilitarian approach to rational choice decision making?
107. The correct order for the “policy cycle” is
108. Which of the following is NOT a part of setting the agenda for the policy cycle?
109. Government agencies carrying out the policy is considered ______________ of the policy cycle
110. NEPA stands for
111. NEPA is important because it is
112. NEPA created
113. NEPA also established this important document as part of any federal development
114. Purpose and need, alternative actions, and statement of positive and negative impacts are all a part of
this document
115. Environmental Law is defined as
116. This type of Law is derived from court decisions in both criminal and civil cases
117. This type of Law consists of formal documents and decrees
118. This type of Law arises from executive orders, rules, and regulations
119. The first environmentally sensitive law in the U.S. was
120. This book caused and awakening in the U.S. over environmental issues
121. In 1969, this event in Santa Barbara, CA, was the beginning development leading to the Clean Water Act
of 1972
122. Environmental bills must first
123. An environmental bill is then sent to
124. Once the bill is sent to the president it can become law if (mark all that apply)
125. This type of bill appropriates money to projects