THERMODYNAMICS IMPORTANT TOPICS
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(Section-A) UNIT-1-BASIC CONCEPT OF THERMODYNAMICS
Macroscopic and Microscopic Approaches,
Thermodynamic Systems, Surrounding and Boundary,
Thermodynamic Property – Intensive and Extensive,
Thermodynamic Equilibrium,
NUMERICALS ON WORK & HEAT TRANSFER
State, Path, Process and Cycle,
(ASSIGNMENT No-1)
Quasi-static process
Reversible and Irreversible Processes,
Working Substance.
Concept of Thermodynamic Work and Heat,
Equality of Temperature
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamic and its utility
(Section-A) UNIT-2-FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Energy and its Forms
1st law of Thermodynamics
NUMERICALS ON FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Internal Energy and Enthalpy
(ASSIGNMENT No:-2&3)
PMMFK
Steady flow energy equation
1st Law Applied to Non flow process
Steady Flow Process
Throttling Process
Free Expansion Process
(Section-B) UNIT-3-SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Limitations of First Law
NUMERICALS ON HEAT ENGINE, HEAT PUMP &
Thermal Reservoir
REFREGERATOR (C.O.P.)
Heat Source and Heat Sink
(ASSIGNMENT No:-4)
Heat Engine, Refrigerator and Heat Pump,
Kelvin- Planck and Clausius Statements and their Equivalence
PMMSK.
Carnot Cycle,
Carnot Heat Engine and Carnot Heat Pump
Carnot Theorem and its Corollaries
Thermodynamic Temperature Scale.
(Section-B) UNIT-3-Entropy
Clausius Inequality
Entropy
Entropy-A property of system (Point function)
Entropy generation (Why isentropic process is not necessarily an adiabatic process )
Causes of irreversibility
T.dS Equations
NUMERICALS ON ENTROPY
(ASSIGNMENT No:-5)
Entropy Change in Different Processes,
Principle of Entropy Increase,
Application of entropy principle
 Heat transfer through a finite temperature difference
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Mixing of two fluid
 Maximum work obtainable from two finite bodies at temperature T 1 & T2
 Maximum work obtainable from a finite body & a T.E.R
Introduction to Third Law of Thermodynamics.
(Section-B) UNIT-4-Availability and Irreversibility
High and Low Grade Energy
Availability and Unavailable Energy
Dead state of a system
A.E. & U.E. when heat is with draw at constant temperature (Thermal Reservoir)
A.E. & U.E. when heat is with draw from a finite body.
Loss of Available Energy Due to Heat Transfer Through a Finite Temperature Difference
Prepared by:-Sumit Sharama
Mech. Engineering. Deptt.
THERMODYNAMICS IMPORTANT TOPICS
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Heat transfer from a body at temperature T 1 to T2 (T1>T2>T0)
Availability of a Non-Flow or Closed System
Availability of a Steady Flow System
Helmholtz and Gibb’s Functions,
Effectiveness and Irreversibility,
Second law efficiencies of processes & cycles.
(Section-C) Unit-5-PURE SUBSTANCE
Pure Substance
Vaporization, Evaporation and Boiling
Phase and Phase Transformation at constant pressure
or
Formation of steam by the help of T-V, P-V & (T-S) Diagrams
Use of Enthalpy – Entropy (H-S) Diagrams (Mollier diagram)
Types of steam
Properties of Steam
Solid – Liquid – Vapour Equilibrium (P-T Plots )
Throttling and Measurement of Dryness Fraction of Steam.
(Section-C) Unit-6-IDEAL AND REAL GAS
Concept of an Ideal Gas
Basic Gas Laws
Characteristic Gas Equation,
Avogadro’s law and Universal Gas Constant,
Vander Waal’s Equation of state
Reduced Co-ordinates (parameters)
Compressibility factor
Mixture of Gases, Mass, Mole and Volume Fraction,
Gibson Dalton’s law, Gas Constant
Specific Heats
Derivation for entropy change for ideal gas
Proof that for ideal gas internal energy depends on temperature only.
Proof that for ideal gas enthalpy depends on temperature only.
Proof that for ideal specific heat depends on temperature only.
PVy=C for reversible adiabatic process.
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(Section-D) Unit-7-thermodynamics Relations
Maxwell Relations
Clapeyron Equation
Relations for changes in Enthalpy
Relations for changes in Internal Energy
Relations for changes in Entropy,
Specific Heat Capacity Relations,(Mayer’s relations)
Joule Thomson coefficient & inversion curve
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Carnot Cycle
Otto Cycle
Diesel Cycle
Dual Cycle
Stirling Cycle
Ericson cycle
Brayton cycle
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NUMERICALS ON A.E. & U.E.
ASSIGNMENT No:-6
NUMERICALS ON PURE SUBSTANCE
ASSIGNMENT No:-7
(Section-D) Unit-8-Gas Power Cycles
NUMERICALS ON GAS POWER CYCLES
(ASSIGNMENT No-8)
Prepared by:-Sumit Sharama
Mech. Engineering. Deptt.