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Chapter 2 Workbook
Use with textbook pages 43 to 44.
1. Identify the elements based on the clues given. The first one is done to help guide you.
General Clue
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Element
copper
Iron
Mercury
Nickel
lead
Policeman
To press clothes
Planet closest to the sun
5 cents
To be shown the way
2. What is the English name for each of these Latin names of elements?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Latin
Plumbum
Ferrum
Argentum
Carbo
English
Lead
Iron
Silver
carbon
e.
f.
g.
h.
Latin
Natrium
Kalium
Fluere
hydrargyrum
English
Sodium
Potassium
Fluorine
hydrogen
3. Which elements names have the following meanings?
“meanings”
a. bringer of light
b. stone
c. violet
d. colour
Element
Phosphorous
lithium
Iodine
Chrome
“meanings”
e. emerald
f. heavy
g. sun
h. smelly
Learning chemical symbols
Element
Beryllium
barium
Helium
bromine
Use with textbook pages 43 to 44.
1. Symbols to come the first letter of the elements name
Symbol
a. P
b. S
c. O
Element’s Name
Phosphorous
Sulphur
Oxygen
Symbol
d. I
e. F
f. N
Element’s Name
iodine
Fluorine
Nitrogen
2. Symbols that come from the first two letters of the elements name.
Symbol
a. He
b. Li
Element’s Name
Helium
Lithium
Symbol
c. Be
d. Ne
Element’s Name
Beryllium
Neon
3. Symbols that come from the first letter and another letter in the same name
Symbol
a. Cl
b. Mg
Element’s Name
Chlorine
Magnesium
Symbol
c. Zn
d. Mn
Element’s Name
Zinc
Manganese
4. Symbols that come from the name of the element in Latin
Symbol
a. Pb
b. Au
c. Ag
d. Sn
Element’s Name
Lead
Gold
Silver
Tin
Symbol
c. Cu
d. Fe
g. Na
h. Rb
Element’s Name
Copper
Iron
Sodium
Rubidium
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5. Use the chemical symbols to write three English words. An example is provided for you.
English word
None
Nab
Frown
Symbols
N-O-Ne
Na-B
Fr-O-W-N
Cat
C-At
Names of elements used
Nitrogen-oxygen-neon
Sodium, boron
Francium, oxygen-tungstennitrogen
Carbon, astatine
Elements in Earth’s crust
Use with textbook pages 43 to 44.
The following pie charts show the most abundant elements (by mass) in the whole Earth and Earth’s
crust (the surface layer of Earth).
1.Use the information in the pie charts to help you complete the following table.
Most Common Element
2nd most common element 3rd most common element
In the whole earth
In the Earth’s crust
Iron
Oxygen
Oxygen
Silicon
Silicon
aluminum
2. Aluminum, calcium, nickel, magnesium, iron, sodium, and potassium are all metals.
(A) Approximately what percentage of the whole earth is made of metals?
52.5%
(B) Approximately what percentage of Earth’s crust is made up of metals?
Elements
22.7%
Use with textbook pages 42 to 47.
.
Match the elements on the left with the corresponding
symbol on the right. Each symbol maybe used only
once
Element
Symbol
1. ___Ca___ calcium
a. C
2. ____C_ carbon
b. Ca
3. ___Cl___ chlorine
c. Ch
4. ____K__ potassium
d. Cl
5. ____P__ phosphorous
e. K
6. ____S__ sulphur
f. Na
7. ____Na__ sodium
g. P
h. Ph
i. Po
j. S
k. So
l. Su
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8. Which of the following are rules for writing a chemical symbol?
1. First letter must be capitalized
II. Symbol is made of either one or two letters
III. Second letter, if present, must be lowercase
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III
9. What is the chemical symbol for helium?
A. H.
B. He
C. Hl.
D. Hi
10. Which of the following correctly matches the name of the element with the chemical symbol?
A. Magnesium = Mg.
C. Oxygen= Ox
B. Aluminum = A.
D. Nitrogen = Ni
11. Which of the following is a gas at room temperature?
A. Calcium.
B. Carbon.
C. Chlorine.
D. Copper
12. Which of the following metal is a liquid at room temperature?
A. Silver
B. Sodium
C. Mercury
D. Manganese
13. Which of the following are physical properties of metals?
I. Ductile
II. Malleable
III. Good conductors of heat and electricity
A. I and II only.
B. I and III only.
C. II and III only
D. I and II and III
What is in the box?
Use with textbook pages 52 to 57
Test your knowledge how information is displayed for each element in the periodic table.
1. Use the vocabulary words listed to label the diagram.
Vocabulary
Ion charge
Atomic number
Average atomic mass
Name
Symbol
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
atomic number
Symbol
Name
Atomic mass
Ion charge
Examine the periodic table entry for each of the following elements and complete the blanks below.
a. atomic number: ___12____
b. average atomic mass: ___24__
c. ion charge __2+____
d. # of protons ___12____
name of element: _potassium______
a. ion charge: ___1+____
b. number of protons: __19___
c. average atomic mass: _39_
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A. atomic number ___8_____
b. average atomic mass __16
c. ion charge ___2-_____
d. symbol of element: __O_____
Families of elements
a. name of element: _phosphorous_
b. average atomic mass: __31_____
c. ion charge ___3-_____
d. number of protons: __15_______
Use the textbook pages 52 to 57.
Use the simplified periodic table above to answer questions 1 to12. To which region does each
element or family belong? Place the letter corresponding to the shaded region on the blank line. You
can use regions more than once. Use the periodic table on pg 201 help you answer these questions.
Which
Which
Area?
Area?
F
A
1. Helium
7. Alkali metals
A
B
2. Lithium
8. Alkaline earth metals
E
E
3. Fluorine
9. Nonmetallic elements that are strongly reactive
B
A
4. Beryllium
10. Metallic elements that are strongly reactive
E
C
5. Halogens
11. Metallic elements that are reactive
F
F
6. Noble gases
12. Nonmetallic elements that are very unreactive
Using the Periodic Table :Vocabulary
Use a textbook pages 52-57.
Average atomic mass
Halogens
metalloids
Periodic table
Atomic number
Ions
Multiple ion charge
Periods
Electrons
Ion charge
Noble gases
Poor
Families
Metals
Nonmetals
Properties
Good
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. You can use each term more than once. You will
not need to use every term.
1. The
PERIODIC TABLE
organizes the elements according to their physical and chemical
PROPERTIES
.
2. The periodic table is divided into seven horizontal rows called
PERIODS
and 18 vertical
columns called
FAMILIES
.
3.
METALS
appear on the left side of the periodic table. These elements are
GOOD
conductors of heat and electricity.
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4.
NON-METALS
appear on the right side of the periodic table. These
elements are POOR
conductors of heat and electricity.
5. The
METALLOIDS
form a zigzag staircase arrangement on the periodic table. These
elements have properties similar to both
METALS and
NON-METALS
.
6. The
ATOMIC NUMBER refers to the number of protons that atom has in the nucleus.
7. The ATOMIC MASS
is the weighted average of the masses of the atoms of an element.
8. A(n) ION CHARGE
is an electric charge that forms on an atom when it gains or loses
electrons.
9. Some metals, like platinum and cobalt, form IONS
in more than one way. In other
words, they have a(n)
MULTIPLE ION CHARGE
.
The Periodic Table and Chemical Properties
Use with textbook pages 52 to 57.
Match each term on the left with the best descriptor on the right. Each descriptor
maybe used only once.
Term
Descriptor
1. __B____ halogens
a. most reactive metals
2. ___D___ noble gases
b. most reactive non-metals
3. ___A___ alkali metals
c. have properties of both metals and non-metals
4. ___E___ alkaline earth metals
d. most unreactive elements
e. includes beryllium and magnesium
Circle the letter of the best answer.
5. What is the name of a horizontal row in the periodic table?
A. Column. B. Family. C. Period. D. Group
6. Which of the following are metalloids?
I. Silicon
II. Boron
III. Neon
A. I and II only.
B. II and III only.
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Use the diagram to the right to answer questions 7 and 8.
7. What does the "30" refer to?
A. Ion charge B. Average atomic mass
C. Atomic number D. Family number
8. What does the "2+" referred to?
A. Ion charge B. Average atomic mass
C. Atomic number D. Family number
9. To which of the following groups does oxygen belong?
A. Gas
B. Metal.
C. Metalloids.
D. Nonmetal
10. Which of the following is the same as the atomic number of an element?
A. Number of protons
B. Number of neutrons.
C. Number of electrons D. Number of ion charges
The Number Game with Atoms and Ions
Use with textbook pages 64 to 67.
1. Complete the following sentences by circling the correct terms in parentheses.
A. The atomic (number/mass) of an element is the same as the number of protons in the
nucleus of an atom.
B. An (atom/ion) of an element has the same number of protons as electrons.
C. A positively charged ion has (lost/gained) electrons.
D. A negatively charged ion has (lost/gained) electrons.
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2. Complete the following table. Some answers are provided to help guide you. You can refer to the Bohr
model chart on page 66 and the periodic table on page 54.
Element Name
Beryllium
sodium
Argon
Chlorine
Nitrogen
Calcium
Sulphur
Lithium
Atomic Number
4
11
18
17
7
20
16
13
Ion Charge
2+
0
0
0
30
-2
3+
Atom or Ion?
Ion
Atom
Atom
Atom
Ion
Atom
Ion
Ion
# of Protons
4
11
18
17
7
20
16
13
# of Electrons
2
11
18
17
10
20
18
10
Drawing Bohr Model diagrams
Use with textbook pages 64 to 67.
1. Refer to the Bohr model chart on page 66 to help you complete the following table. Some answers are
provided for you. (Hint: Remember that the maximum number of electrons in the first 3 shells is 2, 8, 8.)
Atom/ion
Neon atom
Fluorine atom
Fluorine ion
(Fluoride)
Sodium atom
Sodium ion
Argon atom
Chlorine atom
Chlorine ion
(chloride)
Potassium atom
Potassium ion
Atomic Number
10
9
9
Number of
Protons
10
9
9
Number of
Electrons
10
9
10
Number of
electron shells
2
2
2
11
11
18
17
17
11
11
18
17
17
11
10
18
17
18
3
2
3
3
3
19
19
19
19
19
18
4
3
2. Use the table above to draw the board model diagram for the following atom and ions.
Argon atom
Chlorine Atom
CHLORIDE
(Chlorine ION)
Potassium atom
Potassium ION
3. What do you notice about the arrangement of electrons in the Bohr model of an Argon atom, chlorine ion,
and a potassium ion?
The electrons are all arranged exactly the same in Argon (the noble gas) and potassium and chlorine ions (two atoms that are trying to
be like the noble gas by gaining or losing their valence electrons.
4. What would you expect to see with the arrangement of electrons in the Bohr model of a neon atom,
fluorine ion, and the sodium ion?
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The same as above. Fluoride and sodium ions are formed by gaining or losing (respectively) an electron. That makes their
electron arrangement the same as the noble gas, Neon.
Analyzing Bohr model diagrams
Fill in the blanks beside each Bohr model. The
1st
Use the textbook pages 64 to 67
one has been partially completed to help guide you.
A. Number of protons
B. Number of shells
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of valence
electrons
E. Bohr model of
7
2
7
5
A. Number of protons
B. Number of shells
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of valence
electrons
E. Bohr model of
6
2
6
4
A. Number of protons
B. Number of shells
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of valence
electrons
E. Bohr model of
8
2
8
6
A. Number of protons
B. Number of shells
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of valence
electrons
E. Bohr model of
10
2
10
8
Nitrogen atom
1.
Carbon atom
2.
3.
4.
Oxygen atom
Neon
5. The four elements above are in the same period. What do you notice about the number of shells for
elements belonging to the same period?
Elements belonging to the same period have the same number of shells
The Periodic Table and Atomic Theory
Use the textbook pages 64 to 67.
1. What is the maximum number of electrons that the first electron shell can hold?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 8
Use the periodic table on page 54 to answer questions 2 to 6.
2. How many electrons are in the outermost shell of a sulfur ( S ) atom?
A. 1.
B. 2
C.6.
D. 7
3. How many electrons are in the outermost shell of a fluorine (F) ion?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 7
D. 8
4. How many shells are there in the Bohr model of an aluminum atom?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3
D. 4
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5. Which of the following represents the Bohr model electron arrangement of a chlorine atom?
A. 2, 15.
B. 2, 2, 13.
C. 2, 8, 7.
D. 2, 8, 8
6. What do beryllium ions and a neon atom have in common?
A. They have full outer shells.
B. They have the same number of electrons.
C. They have the same number of electrons shells.
D. None of the above
Use the following Bohr model to answer questions 1 to 6.
Match the term on the left with the corresponding number on the right. Each
number maybe used more than once. Refer to the diagram above.
Term
1. ___e___ number of shells
2. ___f___ number of protons
3. ___f___ total number of electrons
4. ___b___ number of valence electrons
5. ____b_ number of electron(s) it has to lose to become
stable
6. ___d___ number of shells holding the maximum number
of electrons
Number
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
e. 4
f. 19
g. 20