5.OA.A.2
*This standard is part of an additional cluster
Standard
Write simple expressions that record calculations with numbers, and interpret numerical
expressions without evaluating them. For example, express the calculation "add 8 and 7,
then multiply by 2" as 2 × (8 + 7). Recognize that 3 × (18932 + 921) is three times as
large as 18932 + 921, without having to calculate the indicated sum or product.
Unpacked
This standard refers to expressions. Expressions are a series of numbers and symbols (+, -, x, ÷)
without an equals sign. Equations result when two expressions are set equal to each other (2 + 3 =
4 + 1).
An expression names a number. An equation describes a relationship between two expressions. A
variable is a quantity that can change or vary. Variables are often represented with a letter such
as, x, n. Any variable can represent any value. When you evaluate an expression, you substitute a
number for every variable in the expression. Students need to write expressions that describe
word problems. Use numbers when you know what they are and use variables when you don't
know the numbers. Often, expressions and other computations can be performed mentally or
conjectures can be made about computations or comparisons without precise calculations
Example:
4(5 + 3) is an expression.
When we compute 4(5 + 3) we are evaluating the expression. The expression equals 32.
4(5 + 3) = 32 is an equation.
This standard calls for students to verbally describe the relationship between expressions without
actually calculating them. This standard calls for students to apply their reasoning of the four
operations as well as place value while describing the relationship between numbers. The
standard does not include the use of variables, only numbers and signs for operations.
Questions to check for understanding/ increase the rigor:
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•
Jackie has 34 marbles and Natalie has 123 marbles. Sarah has four times the amount of
marbles as Jackie and Natalie combined. Write the expression that shows the number of
marbles that Sarah has.
Do you need to do the calculations to know which answer is larger? 6 x (184 + 948) OR
(948 + 184) x 3? How much larger will the answer be?
•
•
•
Level 1
Entering
Level 2
Emerging
Level 3
Developing
Level 4
Expanding
Level 5
Bridging
Describe the
relationship
between
expressions
without actually
calculating them
by answering
yes/no questions
about two
expressions.
[Ex: Is 3 ×
(18932 + 921)
greater than
18932 + 921?]
Describe the
relationship
between
expressions
without actually
calculating them
by answering
simple
questions. (Ex:
Which
expression is
less?)
Describe the
relationship
between
expressions
without actually
calculating them
by using simple
sentences to
compare two
expressions.
Describe the
relationship
between
expressions
without actually
calculating them
by using simple
sentences to
explain how or
why one
expression is
greater/less than
another.
Describe the
relationship
between
expressions
without actually
calculating them
by using
complex
sentences to
explain how or
why one
expression is
greater/less than
another.
ELD Standard #3: English Language Learners communicate information, ideas,
and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of
Mathematics.
Level 6 Reaching
Domain: Speaking
•
•
What is a way to write an expression that is five times as much as 96 ÷ 3?
How are the expressions 8 - a and a - 8 different? Explain your thinking.
Write this statement as an expression: “Twenty-three less than the sum of forty-nine and
thirty-seven.”
Write an expression for twice a number, decreased by twenty-nine, is seven.
How would you write the following expression in words? 32 = 2x + 7. Write a story
problem that would go along with this expression.