Biochem Practice Test
1. If you remove all of the functional groups from an organic molecule so that it has only carbon
and hydrogen atoms, the molecule becomes a:
A) Carbohydrate
B) Carboxyl
C) Carbonyl
D) Hydrocarbon
2. Nucleic acids are chains of 5-carbon sugars linked by ________________ bonds with an organic
base protruding from each sugar.
3. Triglycerol contains 3 fatty acids linked by a ________________ molecule.
4. The general term for a large molecule made up of many similar subunits is
A) Polymer
B) Functional Group
C) Helix
D) Peptide
5. In a DNA molecule, what holds together nitrogenous bases from the two polymer chains
(double-sided)?
A) Phosphodiester bonds
C) Hydrogen bonds
B) Peptide bonds
D) Ionic bonds
6. Which element occurs in nucleic acids?
B) Calcium
B) Sulfur
C) Iron
7. Which of the following are not found in a nucleotide?
A) Calcium
B) Sulfur
C) Iron
D) Phosphorous
D) Phosphorous
8. How many hydrogen atoms can be attached to carbon A?
9. Carbon B?
10. These molecules are
A) Structural isomers
B) Geometric (cis-tran) isomers
C) ATP molecules
D) Enantiomers
11. Which of these functional groups behaves as an acid?
12. Which of these functional groups behaves like a ketone?
13. Which of these is a hydroxyl group?
14. Which of these functional groups behaves as a base?
15. Which of these is a carboxyl group?
16. Which of these functional groups is characteristic of an alcohol?
17. Which of these is a phosphate group?
18. Which action could produce a carbonyl group?
A) the replacement of the –OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen
B) the addition of a thiol to a phosphate
C) the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate
D) the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen
19. The sequence of amino acids is the ___________________ structure of proteins.
A) primary
B) secondary C) tertiary
D) quaternary
20. Each water molecule is joined to ______ other water molecules by _______________ bonds.
21. The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the molecule ____________.
22. The tendency of an atom to pull electrons towards itself is referred to as its ______________.
23. Which are not macromolecules?
A) proteins
B) polysaccharides
C) lipids
D) nucleotides
24. Which of the following is composed of a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen?
A) proteins
B) nucleic acids
C) lipids
D) carbohydrates
25. Glucose and fructose are different
A) in the # of carbons they possess.
B) in their relationship to the sucrose molecules.
C) in the way that their atoms are arranged.
D) in the # of double bonds the possess.
26. Oils are
A) liquid at room temperatures.
B) saturated fats.
C) found only in animals.
D) complex carbohydrates.
27. Which of the following is not part of every nucleotide?
A) Ribose
B) Phosphate group
C) Base
D) Pentamer Sugar
28. Glucose dissolves in water because
A) it ionizes.
B) is a polysaccharide.
C) is polar and forms many hydrogen bonds with the water molecules.
D) has a very reactive primary structure.
29. Carbon forms how many bonds with other atoms? _______
30. Hydrophobic interactions are exhibited by
A) ions
B) nonpolar molecules
C) polar molecules
D) hydration shells
31. The chemical properties of an atom are primarily dependent by the number of
A) neutrons it has in its nucleus
D) energy levels it has
B) isotopes it forms
E) electrons it has in its outer shell
C) protons it has in its nucleus
32. Dehydration and hydrolysis reactions involve removing or adding ______________________
to macromolecule subunits.
A) C and O
C) C and H
E) OH and H
B) CH and NH2
D) COOH and H
33. Animals store glucose in the form of _________________________.
34. What bonds maintains the secondary structure of a protein?
A) ionic
B) phosphdiester
C) hydrogen
D) peptide
35. Which of the following would yield the most energy per gram when oxidized?
A) proteins
B) nucleic acids
C) lipids
D) carbohydrates
36. Nucleotides have a nitrogenous based attached to a sugar at the:
A) 1’ C
B) 2’ C
C) 3’ C
D) 4’ C
E) 5’ C
37. The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires what? __________
38. Hydrophilic substances are _______________________ whereas hydrophobic substances are
_______________________.
A) water-loving; water-fearing
C) soluble in water; soluble in lipid
B) polar; non-polar
D) a and b are correct
39. In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of bond would join two amino acids?
A) ionic
B) phosphdiester
C) hydrogen
D) peptide
40. A triglyceride contains fatty acids and
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) glycerol
41. The globular shape of the protein is which level of structure?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) an amino acid
D) quaternary
42. What type of macromolecule carries out catalysts in biological systems?
A) proteins called enzymes
C) nucleic acids called DNA
B) carbohydrates called starches
D) carbohydrates called sugars
43. In the formation of a macromolecule, what type of reaction would join 2 monomers
together?
A) hydrophobic reaction
C) dehydration reaction
B) hydrolysis reaction
D) denaturation reaction
44. The secondary structure of a polypeptide is primarily determined by which of the following?
(A) Hydrogen bonding (B) The number of amino acids (C) NADH (D) Golgi apparatus (E) Ribosomes
45. Hydrogen bonds occur
(A) between nonpolar substances
(B) between adenine and thymine
(C) between phosphate and deoxyribose in DNA
(D) when a hydrogen and an oxygen in a water molecule share electrons
(E) between carbon and hydrogen in a molecule of methane
46. Which of the following statements is/are true with regard to a polymer of 8 glucose
molecules?
I. The chemical formula is C48H96O48
II. The chemical formula is C48H80O40
III. The monomers of glucose were joined via hydrolysis
IV. The monomers of glucose were joined via dehydration synthesis
(A) I only (B) II only (C) IV only (D) I and III only (E) II and IV only
47. Which of the following statements regarding lipids is most accurate?
(A) Lipids are synthesized by ribosomes.
(B) The empirical formula for lipids is typically C1H2O1.
(C) Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature because of polar hydrocarbon chains.
(D) Saturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature due to hydrogen bonding.
(E) Polyunsaturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature due to numerous double bonds in
the hydrocarbon chains.
48. The insolubility of fats in water is due primarily to
(A) the many nonpolar C-H bonds
(B) the ester linkage between a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group
(C) the presence of glycerol in the structure makeup
(D) the variety of fatty acids in a fat molecule
(E) the large number of double bonds between carbon atoms
49. Lipids with four fused carbon rings and various functional groups attached are known as
(A) phospholipids (B) saturated fats (C) steroids (D) fatty acids (E) chitin
50. A polymer of glucose that serves as a storage macromolecule in animals is
(A) chitin (B) starch (C) glycogen (D) cellulose (E) amylase
51. Storage of fat by the body is advantageous primarily because fats
(A) are insoluble and chemically stable
(B) yield, gram for gram, more than twice as much energy as complex carbohydrates
(C) can be digested with less energy and fewer enzymes than carbohydrates and proteins
(D) store almost all potential energy in chemical bonds
(E) are much easier to produce from surplus molecules that have been broken down by digestive
enzymes
52. Cholesterol is important in the metabolism of living things because it can be changed into
important compounds that include all of the following EXCEPT
(A) Vitamin D (B) bile salts (C) estrogen (D) keratin (E) testosterone
53. Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?
54. The twenty common amino acids differ from each other in the composition of a covalently
bonded side chain known as a(n)
(A) polypeptide (B) dipeptide (C) R group (D) amino group (E) carboxyl group
Use the pictures below to answer the next 7 questions.
Which molecule…
55. can be modified and used as the fundamental component of a cell membrane
56. is the building block of both hemoglobin and chlorophyll
57. is responsible for providing energy for nearly all endergonic reactions in the human body
58. a carbohydrate utilized in the synthesis of polymers of DNA
59. acts as an acid
60. is unsaturated
61. is a pentose
Characteristics of macromolecules: choose NA, L, C, or P
62. Double helix
63. 4 complex levels of structure
64. Monomer = monosaccharides
65. Peptide bonds
66. Not really a polymer
67. Contains 3 fatty acids and a glycerol
68. Monomer = amino acids
69. Monomer = nucleotides
70. DNA and RNA
71. Phosphodiester bonds
72. N-terminus and C-terminus
73. –ose
74. Ester linkages
75. 1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O
76. Cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, steroids
77. 5’ and 3’ ends
Starch is a polymer of _______________ glucose monomers with bonds between _____ and _____
carbons.
Cellulose is a polymer of _______________ glucose monomers with bonds between _____ and
_____ carbons.
Both are _______________________________ formed by _____________________ with
______________________________ linking the monomers. Which cannot be broken down by
animals? Why not?
http://www.quia.com/quiz/4343125.html - another practice test