Technical Physics II
PHY-232-CRF01
Spring 2013
Instructor:
Jim Trepka
Other Instructor
Information:
Office: 140 Jones Hall
Telephone: 398-7146
Email: jim.trepka@kirkwood.edu
Home Page: http://www.kirkwood.edu/faculty/jtrepka/
Section Number:
0168028
M W 8:00-9:50
Credit hours:
3
Course description:
Subjects studied include matter, fluids, temperature and heat transfer,
properties of gases, wave motion and sound, light, reflection and
refraction, color, and modern physics. Concepts are emphasized through
laboratory and lecture.
Prerequisites:
MT100U and MT101U
Course Materials
Needed:
1. Applied Physics, 10/e Ewen, Schurter & Gundersen, ©2012 | Prentice
Hall | Cloth; 768 pp |
ISBN-10: 0136116337 | ISBN-13: 9780136116332
2. PRS RF Clicker
Books and course materials for this course are available at the Kirkwood
Bookstore.
Learning Outcomes,
Course Competencies:
Objectives, and
1. Describe mathematically and conceptually Hooke’s Law. Measure
Course Competencies:
a spring constant experimentally. Solve problems with Hooke’s
Law.
2. Define and differentiate absolute pressure, gauge pressure, and
atmosphere pressure. Calculate pressures (both absolute and
gauge). Construct a manometer and explain the term.
3. Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Identify the
relationship between the Celsius and Kelvin scale. Perform
experiments where temperature is measured in Celsius.
4. Solve problems that involve the calculations of calorie, the
kilocalorie, the joule, and the British thermal unit (Btu). Perform
an experiment where specific heat capacity of various materials is
measured. Calculate the specific heat capacity in problems
involving different materials and the concept of the conservation
of heat.
5. Conceptually describe the Ideal Gas Law. State the 1st and 2nd
Laws of Thermodynamics. Explain why a heat engine cannot be
100% efficient. Solve problems involving the Ideal Gas Law, the 1st
and 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics, and the efficiency of a heat
engine and a refrigerator.
6. Describe the relationship between displacement, velocity, and
acceleration in simple harmonic motion. Perform experiments on
a pendulum and calculate its period based on its length. Solve
problems involving frequency, amplitude, and period.
7. Discriminate between transverse and longitudinal. Solve
problems that involve wavelength, interference, and resonance in
harmonic waves.
8. Perform calculations involving the speed of sound. Explain the
Doppler effect and solve problems involving the Doppler effect.
Demonstrate sound resonance experimentally.
9. List different types of electromagnetic radiation and compare their
characteristics. Solve problems that involve frequency and energy
in electromagnetic waves. State the speed of different types of
electromagnetic radiation.
10. Describe light as it is represented by rays. Describe how light is
processed by mirrors, lenses, and other common optical systems.
Identify the special characteristics of laser light. Solve problems
that involve the focal length of a lens or mirror and the index of
refraction of an optical boundary. State the principles and solve
problems of fiber optic systems.
11. Actively participate in class laboratories. Assume responsibility
for laboratory equipment. Assist other students and contribute to
group activities. Conform to all stated safety standards. Use
appropriate language in and out of the classroom.
Learning Outcomes and Objectives
(The wording for these competencies is from PHYSICS, Sixth Edition by
Paul E. Tippens)
Properties of Materials I (Elasticity) Objectives
1. Demonstrate by example and discussion your understanding of
elasticity, elastic limit, stress, strain, and ultimate strength.
2. Write and apply formulas for calculating Young’s modulus, shear
modulus, and bulk modulus.
Properties of Materials II (Fluids) Objectives
1. Define and apply the concepts of fluid pressure and buoyant force
to the solution of physical problems.
2. Define absolute pressure, gauge pressure, and atmosphere pressure,
and demonstrate by examples your understanding of the
relationships between these terms.
3. Define the rate of flow of a fluid and solve problems that relate the
rate of flow to the velocity and cross-sectional area.
4. Write Bernoulli’s equation in its general form and describe the
equation as it would apply to (a) a fluid at rest, (b) fluid flow at
constant pressure, and (c) flow through a horizontal pipe.4
5. Apply Bernoulli’s equation to the solution of problems involving
absolute pressure P, density p, fluid elevation h, and fluid velocity v.
Temperature and Matter Objectives
1. Demonstrate your understanding of the Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin,
and Rankine temperature scales by converting from specific
temperatures on one scale to corresponding temperatures on
another scale.
2. Distinguish between specific temperatures and temperature
intervals and convert an interval on one scale to the equivalent
interval on another scale.
3. Write formulas for linear expansion, area expansion, and volume
expansion and be able to apply them to the solution of problems
similar to those given in this chapter.
4. Write and apply the relationship between the volume and the
pressure of a gas at constant temperature (Boyle’s law).
5. Write and apply the relationship between the volume and the
temperature of a gas under conditions of constant pressure
(Charles’ law).
6. Write and apply the relationship between the temperature and
pressure of a gas under conditions of constant volume (GayLussac’s law).
7. Apply the general gas law to the solution of problems involving
changes in mass, volume, pressure, and temperature of gasses.
8. Define vapor pressure, dew point, and relative humidity, and apply
these concepts to the solution of problems.
Heat Energy and Its Effects Objectives
1. Define quantity of heat in terms of the calorie, the kilocalorie, the
joule, and the British thermal unit (Btu).
2. Write a formula for the specific heat capacity of a material and
apply it to the solution of problems involving the loss and gain of
heat.
3. Write formulas for calculating the latent heats of fusion and
vaporization and apply them to the solution of problems in which
heat produces a change in phase of a substance.
4. Define the heat of combustion and apply it to problems involving
the production of heat.
Introduction to Thermodynamics Objectives
1. Demonstrate by definition and examples your understanding of the
first and second laws of thermodynamics.
2. Define and give illustrated examples of adiabatic, isochoric, and
isothermal processes.
3. Write and apply a relationship for determining the ideal efficiency
of a heat engine.
4. Define the coefficient of performance for a refrigerator and solve
refrigeration problems similar to those discussed in the text.
5. Demonstrate by definition and examples your understanding of the
first and second laws of thermodynamics.
6. Define and give illustrated examples of adiabatic, isochoric, and
isothermal processes.
7. Write and apply a relationship for determining the ideal efficiency
of a heat engine.
8. Define the coefficient of performance for a refrigerator and solve
refrigeration problems similar to those discussed in the text.
Transfer of Heat Objectives
1. Demonstrate by definition and example your understanding of
thermal conductivity, convection, and radiation.
2. Solve thermal conductivity problems involving parameters such as
quantity of heat Q, surface area A, surface temperature t, time τ, and
material thickness L.
3. Solve problems involving the transfer of heat by convection and
discuss the meaning of the convection coefficient.
4. Define the rate of radiation and emissivity and use these concepts to
solve problems involving thermal radiation.
Vibratory Motion Objectives
1. Describe and apply the relationship between force and
displacement in simple harmonic motion.
2. Write and apply formulas for the determination of displacement x,
velocity v, or acceleration a in terms of time, frequency, and
amplitude.
3. Write and apply a relationship between the frequency of motion
and the mass of a vibrating object when the spring constant is
known.
4. Compute the frequency or period in simple harmonic motion when
the position and acceleration are given.
5. Describe the motion of a simple pendulum and calculate the length
required to produce a given frequency.
Waves Objectives
1. Demonstrate by definition and example you understanding of
transverse and longitudinal wave motion.
2. Define, relate, and apply the meaning of the terms frequency,
wavelength, and speed for wave motion.
3. Solve problems involving the mass, length, tension, and wave
velocity for transverse waves in a string.
4. Write and apply an expression for determining the characteristic
frequencies for a vibrating string with fixed end points.
Sound Objectives
1. Define sound and solve problems involving its velocity in metal, in
a liquid, and in a gas.
2. Use boundary conditions to derive and apply relationships for
calculating the characteristic frequencies for an open pipe and for a
closed pipe.
3. Compute the intensity level in decibels for a sound whose intensity
is given in watts per square meter.
4. Use your understanding of the Doppler effect to predict the
apparent change in sound frequency that occurs as a result of
relative motion between a source and an observer.
Light Wave Objectives
1. Discuss the historical investigation into the nature of light and
explain how light sometimes behaves as a wave and sometimes as
particles.
2. Describe the broad classification in the electromagnetic spectrum
on the basis of frequency, wavelength, or energy.
3. Write and apply formulas for the relationship between velocity,
wavelength, and frequency, and between energy and frequency for
electromagnetic radiation.
4. Describe experiments that will result in a reasonable estimation of
the speed of light.
5. Illustrate with drawings your understanding of the formation of
shadows, labeling the umbra and penumbra.
6. Demonstrate your understanding of the concepts of luminous flux,
luminous intensity, and illumination, and solve problems similar to
those in the text.
Reflection Objectives
1. Define and illustrate with drawings your understanding of the
following terms: virtual images, real images, converging mirror,
diverging mirror, magnification, focal length, and spherical
aberration.
2. Use ray-tracing techniques to construct images formed by spherical
mirrors.
3. Predict mathematically the nature, size, and location of images
formed by spherical mirrors.
4. Determine the magnification and/or the focal length of spherical
mirrors by mathematical and experimental methods.
Refraction Objectives
1. Define the index of refraction and state three laws that describe the
behavior of refracted light.
2. Apply Snell’s law to the solution of problems involving the
transmission of light in two or more media.
3. Determine the change in velocity or wavelength of light as it moves
from one medium into another.
4. Explain the concepts of total internal reflection and the critical
angle and use these ideas to solve problems similar to those in the
text.
Lenses and Optical Instruments Objectives
1. Determine mathematically or experimentally the focal length of a
lens and state whether it is converging or diverging.
2. Apply the lensmaker’s equation to solve for unknown parameters
related to the construction of lenses.
3. Use ray-tracing techniques to construct images formed by
diverging and converging lenses for various object locations.
4. Predict mathematically or determine experimentally the nature,
size, and location of images formed by converging and diverging
lenses.
Interference, Diffraction, and Polarization Objectives
1. Demonstrate by definition and drawings your understanding of the
terms constructive interference, destructive interference, diffraction,
polarization, and resolving power.
2. Describe Young’s experiment and be able to use the results to
predict the location of bright and dark fringes.
3. Discuss the use of a diffraction grating, derive the grating equation,
and apply it to the solution of optical problems.
Lab Competencies by Experiment
(The wording for these competencies comes from Technical Concepts I
and Technical Concepts II by ECI Staff published by Energy Concepts,
Inc.)
Experiment 1F1 Measuring Specific Gravity Objectives
1. Measure the specific gravity of a liquid using a hydrometer and a
pocket hydrometer.
2. Determine the density of a liquid given the specific gravity of that
liquid.
Experiment 1F2 Measuring Pressure Objectives
1. Measure pressure above atmospheric pressure with a manometer
and a mechanical pressure gauge.
2. Measure pressure below atmospheric pressure with a manometer
and a mechanical pressure gauge.
3. Calculate absolute pressure, given atmospheric pressure and
measured pressure
Experiment 5MF1 Measuring The Potential Energy Of A Spring
Objectives
1. Find the spring constant for a spring.
2. Predict the stretch caused by a known force applied to a spring.
Figure the Experiment 5MF3 Using Energy In Compressed Air To
Operate Air Motors Objectives
1. Use energy stored in a compressed air system to operate an air
motor.
2. Measure the rotational speed of the air motor.
3. Find the pressure drop across the air motor as it does work.
Experiment 5T2 Thermal Energy And The Specific Heat Of A Metal
Objectives
1. Set up a device to find the specific heat of a metal.
2. Find the specific heat of a given metal, and state its units.
Experiment 6F2 Power From Air Motors Objectives
1.
Set up and use and air motor mechanism to lift a load.
2.
Measure pressure drop across an air motor.
3.
Measure flow rate through an air motor.
4.
Find the efficiency of the air motor being used.
Experiment 9*1 Natural Frequency Of A Vibrating Body Objectives
1. Assemble a system to measure the natural frequency of a simple
pendulum.
2. Measure the natural frequency of a simple pendulum.
3. Assemble a system to measure the natural frequency of a vibrating
system.
4. Calculate the natural frequency of a vibrating system.
Experiment 9*3 Resonance Of Sound Waves In Hollow Tubes
Objectives
1. Find the wavelength of the first four resonant frequencies of an
open tube with known length.
2. Find the resonant frequencies for sound of a given wavelength.
3. Measure the resonant frequencies of sound for several open tubes
using a function generator, a speaker, a microphone, and an
oscilloscope.
Experiment 11F1 Calibrating A Pressure Gauge Objectives
1. Use a U-tube manometer to measure air pressure.
2. Compare pressure measurement made with a differential pressure
gauge to that of the U-tube manometer.
3. Calculate the percent accuracy of the differential gauge readings
compare to the manometer.
Experiment 13*1/2 Reflection Of Light Objectives1
1. Measure the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection for a
plane mirror. By comparing the two angles, demonstrate the law
of reflection.
2. Locate the focal point and directly measure the focal length of a
concave mirror.
3. Locate the focal point and measure the focal length of a convex
mirror, using ray-tracing methods.
Experiment 13*3 Refraction Of Light Objectives1
1. Use a laser and a slab of transparent material to show how light is
refracted (bent) when it passes from: Air into the transparent
material and the transparent material into air
2. Explain how the angle of refraction relates to the angle of
incidence for a light beam passing through two different materials
(Snell’s Law).
Experiment 13*4/5 Lens Experiments Objectives1
1. Locate the focal point of a positive lens and directly measure its
focal length.
2. Locate the focal point of a negative lens and directly measure its
focal length.
3. Design and build a lens system that expands the size of a light
beam.
4. Calculate and measure the magnification of a beam-expanding lens
system.
Experiment 13*6 Prism Experiments Objectives1
1. Trace a light beam through an equilateral prism.
2. Trace a light beam through a right angle prism.
3. Measure the total bending angle in a prism.
4. Find the critical angle in a prism.
Experiment 13*8 Fiber-Optic Data Links Objectives1
1. Use a fiber-optic cable to transmit laser light.
2. Assemble a fiber-optic data link.
3. Transmit a signal using the fiber-optic data link.
4. Use a dual trace oscilloscope to compare the input and output
signals of a data link.
We do not do the UTC experiment, but the students do a similar
experiment from PASCO
1.
Assessment of
Student Learning:
Student learning will be assessed via exams, homework, class room
participation, and lab reports.
Late Work/Make-up
Test Policy:
No late work will be accepted!
Class Attendance
Policy and College
Sponsored Activities:
As stated in the Student handbook: In compliance with Public Law 105244, Kirkwood Community College makes a wide variety of general
institutional information available to students.
For additional information, go to
http://www.kirkwood.edu/pdf/uploaded/630/student_handbook.pdf
Productive Classroom See student handbook
Learning
http://www.kirkwood.edu/pdf/uploaded/630/student_handbook.pdf
Environment:
Plagiarism Policy:
See student handbook
http://www.kirkwood.edu/pdf/uploaded/630/student_handbook.pdf
Campus Closings:
See student handbook
http://www.kirkwood.edu/pdf/uploaded/630/student_handbook.pdf
Learning
Environment
Expectations:
We believe that the best learning takes place in an environment where
faculty and students exhibit trust and mutual respect.
Students promote trust by preparing honest and thoughtful work, and by
expecting evaluation based on performance. Faculty promote trust by
setting clear guidelines for assignments and evaluations, honest
feedback, and by assigning bias-free grades.
Students show respect by being prepared and attending class on time, by
paying attention, contributing to discussions, listening respectfully to
others’ points of view, meeting deadlines, and by striving for their best
performance. Faculty show respect by their timeliness and
preparedness, by taking students seriously, by valuing their goals and
aspirations, and by providing honest feedback.
In a productive learning environment, faculty and students work
cooperatively, recognize and respect differences, model the values of
character and citizenship, and become lifelong learners.
Americans with
Disabilities Act:
Students with disabilities who need accommodations to achieve course
objectives should file an accommodation application with Learning
Services, Cedar Hall 2063 and provide a written plan of accommodation
to your instructor prior to the accommodation being provided.
Student Evaluation:
Final Exam – A comprehensive final exam totaling 25% of your final
grade will be administered during finals week.
Unit Exams - Exams will be given after every 3 or 4 chapters totaling
40% of your final grade. Missed exams must be made up on or before the
next class period. In a rare situation where the exam can not be made up
in that time period, the student will need to make up the exam during the
final exam week and this exam will be different than that taken by the
rest of the class. All exams will be cumulative.
Class Room Participation and Professional Conduct - 5% of your final
grade
Points will be added to classroom participation and professional conduct
grade based on the following:
1. Arrival at class by 8 am (assessed via clicker questions)
Points will be deducted from the classroom participation and
professional conduct grade for the following:
1. Complaints during class time. If you have an issue with the class,
talk with the instructor outside of class (Your classroom
participation will be a 0 for each time you complain in class).
2. Ringing of cell phones in class.
3. Disrupting the class.
4. Leaving class early or not arriving back to class by 9:00, after the 8:00
break.
5. Not cleaning up workspace at the end of the class.
Labs - Labs will be worth 30% of your final grade. Labs will be done in
groups of up to four people. You will lose a point per minute late if you
are late to a lab. THERE WILL BE NO MAKE UP LABS!!!
How final grades are
determined:
As described above.
Grading Scale:
A
94 - 100
B+
87 –
89.99
B
83 –
86.99
C+
77 –
79.99
C
73 –
76.99
D+
67 –
69.99
D
63 –
66.99
F
59.99
and
less
ADrop Date:
90 –
93.99
B-
80 –
82.99
C-
70 –
72.99
D-
60 –
62.99
Students dropping a class during the first two weeks of a term may
receive a full or partial tuition refund for 16 week terms, for shorter
courses check with Enrollment Services for total withdraw information.
Details of the refund schedule are available from Enrollment Services in
216 Kirkwood Hall. For detailed discussion of drop dates and policies,
please read the student handbook.
The last date to drop this class for this term is May 3, 2013.
Final Exam
Information:
Final exams are scheduled during the last week of the term from May 8,
2013 to May 14, 2013. The final exam for this class is scheduled on May
8, 2013 at 8 am.
Emergency
Information:
See student handbook
http://www.kirkwood.edu/pdf/uploaded/630/student_handbook.pdf
Other Information:
none
Rev. 9/06
Rev. 9/1/07
Rev.7/09
Rev. 3/11
Rev. 4/11
Rev. 5/11