Name____________
EARTH SCIENCE MID-TERM REVIEW
CHAPTERS 1, 2 AND MEASUREMENTS
Please define the following terms:
Earth science
meteorology
Biosphere
geosphere
Hydrosphere
lithosphere
model
theory
law
scientific method
Independent variable
dependent variable
Equator
prime meridian
Meridians
hemisphere
Topography
contour map
Map
globe
Compass rose
radar
oceanography
atmosphere
geology
hypothesis
scientific notation
density
parallels
cartographer
contour interval
GPS
map legend
Fill in the “chart” regarding the metric system please.
Concept
Definition
Official Metric Unit Tool of Measurement
Length
Mass
Time
Volume
Temperature
Skills To Know:
Identify which of four spheres something belongs to
Scientific notation
Metric conversions
Density problems
Map projections—three types/advantages/disadvantages
Use of latitude/longitude
How to read/interpret a contour map
.
Practice:
List and describe Earth’s four spheres. Give examples of things in each sphere.
Put each measurement into scientific notation please.
4 000 000 m ______________
425 m____________________
0.000 045 m__________________
0.052 m______________________
Put each measurement into standard notation please.
4.6 x 10 4 _____________________
3.75 x 10 -3 ____________________
4.3 x 10 0______________________
Make the following metric conversions using the dimensional analysis method please.
250 kg =_____________hg
0.003 mg =____________cg
30 dam =____________dg
655 cg =______________dg
Solve the following density problems please.
What is the density of a 25 kg object whose volume is 2.3 L?
What is the volume of a 25 cg object whose density is 0.75 cg/mL?
What is the mass of a 2500 mL object with a density of 1.5 g/mL?
MAP PROJECTIONS: List the three types of map projects. Define how each is made.
Give the advantages and disadvantages of each please.
LATITUDE/LONGITUDE: Draw and “label” a globe. Mark and label the equator, three
lines of latitude, and three lines of longitude. Review practice sheets on
Latitude/longitude.
COUNTOUR MAPS: List facts about contour maps below. What does it look like as the
slope gets steeper? As it flattens? Draw a picture of a contour map and label each of
these scenarios. Review practice sheets on contour
Name___________________
EARTH SCIENCE MID-TERM REVIEW
MATTER UNIT/CHAPTER 3 REVIEW
Define each term please.
matter
compounds
heterogeneous
metalloids
ionic bond
two types of matter
two types of mixtures
metals
ions
covalent bond
Give the symbols for each element please.
Sulfur____________
Hydrogen______________
Silver____________
Gold__________________
Nickel___________
iron___________________
Nitrogen__________
silicon_________________
Copper____________
phosphorus_____________
Iodine_____________
chlorine________________
Bromine___________
lead___________________
Mercury___________
zinc___________________
Potassium__________
tungsten________________
Sodium____________
neon___________________
elements
homogeneous
nonmetals
octet rule
metallic bond
Helium_______________
Cobalt________________
magnesium_____________
oxygen_________________
calcium_________________
aluminum_______________
fluorine_________________
chromium_______________
tin_____________________
carbon__________________
Tell if each is a pure substance or a mixture please:
Ice cream____________
blood__________
Table salt____________
vegetable soup____________
Water_______________
tap water_________________
Quartz_______________
silver____________________
Gold________________
air_______________________
Tell if each mixture is homogenous or heterogeneous please:
Taco_____________
air____________________
Sprite____________
ranch dressing___________
Tell if each is a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid please:
Silver___________
sodium______________
Hydrogen___________
silicon_______________
Boron______________
aluminum_____________
Tell the symbol of the element at each location please:
Group 1, Period 4 _______________
Period 5, Group 16_______________
Period 3, Group 14_______________
Give the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom of each please.
Oxygen-18
p__________
n___________
e____________
Hydrogen-2 p__________
n___________
e____________
Alumimun-27 p__________
n___________
e____________
Give the name and charge for the ion of each element please.
Sodium
______________
__________________
Nitrogen
______________
__________________
Sulfur
______________
__________________
Magnesium ______________
__________________
Tell if the bond that occurs between each is most likely to be ionic, covalent, or metallic.
Gold and gold__________________
Silver and chlorine_______________
Oxygen and fluorine______________
Sodium and bromine______________
Hydrogen and oxygen____________
List the covalent prefixes please.
Give the missing name or formula for each covalent compound please.
N2O5______________
dihydrogen monoxide_______________
NO3_______________
tetracarbon decahydride______________
PCl3_______________
sulfur trioxide___________________
OF2_______________
phosphorus pentabromide____________
List the steps to writing ionic formulas please.
Give the missing name or formula for each ionic compound please.
Al2O3_______________
sodium oxide____________________
MgCl2_______________
calcium fluoride__________________
CaS_________________
sodium nitride____________________
NaCl_________________
magnesium sulfide________________
Name_________________
EARTH SCIENCE MID-TERM REVIEW
CHAPTERS 4, 5, AND 6
Define the following terms please:
Luster
cleavage
Hardness
specific gravity
Rock
magma
felsic magma
mafic magma
Sedimentary rocks
metamorphic rocks
Stratification
intrusive igneous rock
Pluton
batholith
Sill
Bowen’s reaction series
streak
characteristics of minerals
lava
igneous rocks
rock cycle
extrusive igneous rock
dike
Skills to Know:
Be able to identify characteristics of the minerals from our class lab.
Be able to identify characteristics of the rocks from our rock lab.
Be able to classify minerals into their families.
Be able to classify rocks into their families.
Draw and label the rock cycle.
Minerals from class:
Calcite—
Halite—
Magnetite—
Pyrite—
Talc—
Quartz--
Rocks from class:
List each rock from our class lab and briefly describe it.
Mineral Groups: List minerals in each group please.
Silicates—
Native elements—
Carbonates—
Oxides—
Sulfides—
Rock Groups: List rocks in each group please.
Igneous:
Granite—
Gabbro—
Diorite—
Sedimentary:
Clastic—
Chemical—
Organic—
Metamorphic:
Name_______________
EARTH SCIENCE MID-TERM REVIEW
CHAPTERS 7 AND 8
Terms and Concepts:
Weathering
Mechanical weathering
Hydrolysis
Dunes
Soil Horizon B
Avalanche
Slump
Continental glacier
erosion
chemical weathering
abrasion
soil
Soil Horizon C
creep
firn
deposition
oxidation
frost wedging
Soil Horizon A
agents of erosion
mudflow
valley glacier
Some additional things to know:
Factors that determine rates of weathering
How to prevent soil erosion
Characteristics of each soil horizon layer
How to differentiate between weathering, erosion, and deposition
List the types of weathering and classify each as mechanical or chemical please.
Describe the process in which soil is formed please.
Draw and label a soil profile.
Describe characterisics
Name___________________
EARTH SCIENCE MID-TERM REVIEW
CHAPTERS 9&10 and 15&16
Terms and Concepts:
Delta
Meanders
Watershed
Artesian well
Stalactite
Karst topography
Zone of saturation
buffer
surface zone
Deep zone
Phytoplankton
Biogenous sediments
Turbidity current
Continental rise
Apogee
discharge
evaporation
oxbow lake
tributary
gradient
aquifer
ordinary well
geyser
stalagmite
transpiration
water table
zone of aeration
impermeable layer
Aqueous solution
coral
Hydrogen bonding
middle layer
tides
mixed layer
thermocline
zooplankton
nekton
hydrogenous sediments terrigenous sediments
continental margin continental shelf
active margin
passive margin
perigee
upwelling
Some Additional Things to Know:
Descriptions of three temperature zones of ocean
Descriptions of phytoplankton, zooplankton, nekton, and coral
Density of water compared to ice
Variations in salinity around the globe
Why polar masses exist all over the globe
Average salinity of ocean water
Types of ocean sediments
Sun and moon’s effect on tides
Draw and label the water cycle please.
Draw and label the water table please.
Draw and label the effects of groundwater movement please.
Draw and label the ocean floor please.