Hampton Middle School
2014-2015 6th Grade Earth
Mid-Year Exam Study Guide
Name: _________KEY______________________
1. Rocks that are broken apart by physical
processes are called weathering.
2. Chemical reactions dissolve or alter the minerals
in rocks or change them into different minerals
describes chemical weatheing
3. The pattern of weather that occurs in a particular
area is climate.
4. Soil is a mixture of
15. What is the fossil fuel that can be extracted at a
profit using current technology called? petroleum
16. What are three things that would happen if the
process of weathering stopped?
1. the landscape would stay the same
2. the rock cycle would not occur
3. Mineral resources would be scarce & run out
17. What is the particle size of:
Clay smallest <_silt__middle <__sand___largest_<
18. Which fossil fuels can be pumped from
underground deposits? oil
weathered rocks, decayed organic matter,
19. Horizon C has the most rock in it.
mineral fragments, water, and air.
20. List what causes soil erosion.
5. The removal of minerals that have been dissolved
in water is leaching.
6. Different layers of soil;
O Horizon, A Horizon, B Horizon, C Horizon
7. Vertical layers of soil, each which is a horizon:
soil profile
8. When water enters cracks in rocks and
freezes, the pressure will eventually
break the rock apart. This is
Agricultural cultivation
Overgrazing
Forest harvesting
Excess sediment
21. Why is the A horizon darker than the other
horizons?
It has humus.
22. What is needed in order for chemical weathering
to take place? carbonic acid (natural acid) and
oxygen
23. A Paleontologist studies fossils.
24. Most fossils are made of dead plants and animals.
called ice wedging.
9. Erosion is a surface process
that works together to break down rock
10. When minerals are exposed to oxygen and water
forming a new mineral is called oxidation.
25. A thin film, a silhouette of the original organism is
called carbon film.
26. Fission is breaking apart
27. A copy of the original
organism_____fossil______.
28. Soft parts of organisms that are preserved for
11. ___Litter ____Leaves, twigs, and other organic
material that can be changed into humus by
decomposing organisms.
13. The most abundant fossil fuel is coal.
14. _Carbonic Acid _is the chemical that can wear
away limestone.
thousands or millions of years; Frozen, in amber, or in
tar. original remains
29. Fossilized tracks and other evidence of the activity,
of organism are called trace fossils.
44. When is peat produced during coal formation?
During the first step
30. Energy from the sun-is called solar energy.
45. Where does geothermal energy come from? Hot
31. A wind farm can generate electricity.
magma inside Earth
32. Energy produced from water power
46. How is Extinction caused? Climate heating and
is hydroelectric energy.
cooling
33. Energy from magma is called geothermal energy.
47. Can a footprint be a fossil? Yes, it is a trace fossil
34. The outermost layer of Earth is
48. What is the most used energy in the United States?
the crust.
35. Foliated rocks are distinguished
by layers.
36. Sedimentary rocks are formed
by compaction and cementation.
Petroleum (fossil fuels)
49. Soft parts of animals/plant and tar or amber makes
up (ingredients) original remains.
50. The innermost layer of the Earth is made of nickel
and iron.
37. What is a rock made of/from? minerals
51. Magma forms deep inside Earth because of a rise
38. What is considered to be SAFE behavior during a
in temperature (heat) and a drop in pressure.
lab activity? Wearing safety goggles, following
directions, and reporting any spills/accidents to your
teacher immediately.
39. The crystals that form in slowly cooling magma are
generally large.
40. Where does humus come from? Decayed organic
matter (dead plants and animals)
41. Why can plants not grow well in clay? Because clay
holds water and doesn’t allow minerals and oxygen to
flow freely through soil
42. What are the three types of fossil fuels?
(1) coal (2) oil (3) natural gas
43. What does being a renewable resource mean?
Resource can be replenished naturally in a lifetime