Punctuation Formulas
Sentence, semi-colon, sentence (s;s)
1. Motivate (verb)
Odysseus’ men were motivated to scour the Cyclopes’ island for food by their hunger; Odysseus was motivated by his never-ending
curiousness.
Practice: The Cicones were hated enemies of Odysseus his invasion on their island was motivated by his revenge to kill them in retaliation for
the Trojan War.
(Punctuate the sentence as the compound sentence, (s;s)
Sentence, comma conjunction sentence (s, conj. s)
2. Objective (noun )
Odysseus embodies one of the character traits of the epic hero by his ingenious trickery of the Trojan horse, and his objective to
defeat his enemy was a legendary success.
Practice: Polyphemus was physically too much for Odysseus and his crew but the trickery and quick wit of the King of Ithica would prove to
be the decisive edge the men needed.
(Punctuate this sentence as the compound sentence, (s, conj. s)
3. Pursuit (noun)
Punctuation Formula: left branch, comma sentence (lb,s)
Because of his arrogance and temporary loss of respect for the gods, Odysseus’ pursuit of happiness would be delayed for ten years.
4. Subsequent (adj.
Punctuation Formula: a, b, conj. c
The Cyclopes subsequent outcome would be motivated by his lack of respect for the gods, Greek culture, and humanity.
5. undertake (verb)
Punctuation Formula: a, b, c noun (#5 on Punctuation formula Sheet)
Cursed by Poseidon, the long, difficult, and tragic journey home would prove to be an epic adventure to undertake.
p.f. lb,s/ a,b, c noun
6. harried (verb)
Students may be overwhelmed, harried, time-challenged individuals, but that still does not excuse them from completing all the work that
will be asked of them.
p.f a,b, c noun/ a, sonj. s
7. ponderous (adj. ) #6 punctuation Formula, np, app(noun phrase, appositive)
Polyphemus, a very ponderous and unconventional character, made up for his clumsiness with brute strength and a vindictive
temperament.
p.f. np,app,
8. Foreboding (verb) #7 punctuation formula, s;sc,s
Forboding the intentions of Circe, Eurylochus, a crew member that lacks courage, denies the hospitality of Circe and runs back
pleading to Odysseus to leave the trapped crew members behind; however, Odysseus, an epic hero, will go back to save his men
from Circe the enchantress.
p.f. lb,s/ np,app,/ s;sc,s/ np,app,
9.Assuage (verb)
Punctuation Formula: corr s, cor s
Odysseus knew he could not out wit Circe; consequently, either he would have to assuage her ego and get his men back, or he
would spend the rest of his life on the Island of Aeaea.
p.f corr s, corr s/ s;sc,s assuage: to satisfy or appease
10.Profusion(noun)
The King of Ithaca had a rich profusion of confidence, but he would still need the help from Hermes, messenger of the gods, to
overcome the witchcraft of Circe. Profusion: a large amount
p.f. s, conj. s/ np,app,
11. Many may look at Circe as a deceptive horrific witch, but few don’t see her as abominably horrifying.
p.f. s, conj. s
abominably: horrific/ terrible
12. Going to the underworld, Odysseus would learn of the many adversaries he would have to face before he goes home to Ithaca.
p.f. lb,s
adversary: opponent/ enemy
13. Odysseus’ crew has made many poor decision that will eventually cause fatal tragedy and travail.
p.f. simple/ no formula
travail: tragic/painful
Academic Vocabulary: 1. motivate (verb) 2. motivate (noun) 3. pursuit (noun) 4. subsequent
(adj. )
5. undertake (verb)
Critical Vocabulary: 1. harried(verb) 2.ponderous (adj. ) 3.foreboding (verb) 4.assuage (verb)
5. profusion (noun) 6.abominably (adj.) 7. adversary(noun) 8.travail (verb)