CLASS 1
VOCABULARY (getting set)
(1) MATCH THE DEFINITIONS TO THE WORDS
1. SHIPWRECK
2. TSUNAMI
3. TORNADO
4. LANDSLIDE
5. EARTHQUAKE
6. PLANE CRASH
7. MINE COLLAPSE
8. FLOOD
9. VOLCANIC ERUPTION
10. HURRICANE
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Sudden and violent shaking of the earth’s surface.
Violent and destructive wind that blows at great speed.
Loss or destruction of a ship at sea by storm, collision or other.
Sudden fall of earth, rock, etc. from the side of a mountain or hill.
Violent fall or breaking of a plane.
Unusual quantity of water in an area which is usually dry.
Opening in the earth’s surface which allows hot magma, ashes and gases to escape.
Powerful spiraling wind that starts at the sea and moves to land at great speed.
Series of violent water waves caused by displacement of large volumes of water.
Sudden fall down or obstruction of paths in the structure of a cave or pit.
(2) LOOK AT THE PICTURES OF SOME CATASTROPHES AND ASSOCIATE THEM TO THE EVENT, PLACE,
DATE AND SURVIVOR OF THAT CATASTROPHE.
SHIPWRECK
LOS ANDES
79 AD
YONI BARRIOS
VOLCANO ERUPTION ATLANTIC OCEAN
APRIL 1912
Miss VIOLET JESSOP
PLANE CRASH
CHILE
OCTOBER 1972
FERNANDO PARRADO
MINE COLLAPSE
POMPEII
AUGUST 2010
PLINY, the younger
WRITE SENTENCES WITH THE PREVIOUS INFORMATION
Example :
Violet Jessop was one of the survivors of the shipwreck in the Atlantic Ocean in April 1912
1. …………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
READING COMPREHENSION (getting information)
(3) READ THIS ARTICLE FROM Wikipedia AND CHECK THE SENTENCES BELOW TRUE OR FALSE

SURVIVAL SKILLS, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Survival skills are techniques a person may use in a dangerous situation (e.g. natural disasters) to save themselves or to save others.
Generally speaking, these techniques are meant to provide the basic necessities for human life: water, food, shelter, habitat, and the need to
think straight, to signal for help, to navigate safely, to avoid unpleasant interactions with animals and plants, and for first aid.
Survival skills are often basic ideas and abilities that ancient humans had to use for thousands of years, to protect themselves.
SHELTER : Shelter is any thing that protects a person from his/her environment, including dangerous cold and heat and allow restful sleep,
another human need. A shelter can range from a "natural shelter"; such as a cave or a fallen tree, to a man-made shelter such as a ditch dug
in the earth or a snow cave, to completely man-made structures such as a tent, or house.
FIRE : Making fire is recognized as a crucial ability to survive physically and mentally. The skills required to light a fire without a lighter or
matches is a frequent subject of books on survival and in survival courses The heat provided by a fire allows the body to be warmed, wet
clothes to be dried, water to be disinfected, and food to be cooked. It also provides light at night and the psychological sense of protection.
The light and smoke emitted by a fire can also be used to signal the position to rescue units.
WATER : A human being can survive an average of three to five days without the intake of water. A typical person will lose 2-3 litres of water
per day under ordinary conditions, and more in hot, dry, or cold weather. Four to six litres of water or other liquids are ge nerally required each
day in the wilderness to avoid dehydration and to keep the body functioning properly. Lack of water causes dehydration, which may result in
lethargy, headaches, dizziness, confusion, and eventually death. Even mild dehydration reduces endurance and impairs concentration, which
is dangerous in a survival situation where clear thinking is essential. Dark yellow or brown urine is a diagnostic indicator of dehydration. To
avoid dehydration, a high priority is typically assigned to locating a supply of drinking water and making provision to render that water as safe
as possible.
FIRST AID : First aid can help a person survive and function with injuries and illnesses that would otherwise kill or incapacit ate him/her.
Common and dangerous injuries include:

Lacerations, which may become infected

Bites or stings from venomous animals, such as: snakes, scorpions, spiders, bees, stingrays, jellyfish, catfish, stargazers, etc.

Infection through food, animal contact, or drinking non-potable water

Bone fractures

Sprains, particularly of the ankle

Burns

Poisoning from consumption of, or contact with, poisonous plants or poisonous fungi.

Hypothermia (too cold) and hyperthermia (too hot)

Heart attack

Hemorrage
NAVIGATION : Survival situations are sometimes resolved by finding one's way to safety, or one may need to move to find a more suitable
location to wait for rescue. Types of navigation include:

Celestial navigation, using the sun and the night sky to locate the cardinal directions and to maintain course of travel.

Using a map and compass together, particularly a topographic map or trail map.

"Navigation by observation" of terrain features on a map or otherwise known.
MENTAL ATTITUDE : It has been observed that the mind and its processes are critical to survival. It is said that the will to live in a life and
death situation often separates those that live and those that do not. Stories of heroic feats of survival by regular people with little or no
training but a strong will to live are not uncommon. There are certain strategies and mental tools that can help people cope better in a
survival situation, including focusing on manageable tasks, having a Plan B available and recognizing denial.
1.
A fallen tree can be a good shelter in an open area.
2.
A person can not survive more than 3 days without water.
3.
Hypothermia may be a cause of death.
4.
Celestial navigation is only possible at night.
5.
The desire to live is crucial in extreme situations.
SPEAKING ( transition : relating information)
VIDEO(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrpczqCQoHc) 3:09
Before watching
Imagine yourself being lost in the Woods. Work with a partner and answer the following questions: 
Why should you stay where you are?
Which are the universal distress signals?
If you are lost in the woods, it’s important to find a clean water source. Running water in a stream is
usually okay to drink—but what about snow?
In case you are really hungry, Can you eat any wild plants, berries or mushrooms?
Do you think it may be important to make noise?
How can you stay warmer?
GRAMMAR PRACTICE ( teaching and consolidating structures)
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 0 Form: If + Present tense + Present or imperative Use: To talk about things that are always or generally true. 
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 1 Form: If + Present tense + will / can / may / might + (verb base) Use: To talk about something which is possible and
likely to happen.

While watching
Zero and 1st Conditional sentences.
Watch the video and complete the following sentences: 
1) As soon as you realize you are lost………………………………………………………………………
2) If you have water with you, ……………………………………………………………………………..., you may
be tempted to make it last as long as possible, but it will do you more good in your body now.
3) If you're at a high altitude,…………………………………………………………………………………
4) If you gather branches or pine needles to sleep on when the temperature drops,
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5) If you put so much energy into building a shelter or making an SOS sign
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
















