Northwest Climate Change Digest: Science and Learning Opportunities Combined January 2015 Issue The Northwest Climate Change Digest is an e-newsletter jointly produced by the Northwest Climate Science Center and the North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperative aimed at helping you stay informed about climate change science and upcoming events and training opportunities that are relevant to your conservation work. Feel free to share this information within your organization and networks, and please note the role the NW CSC and NPLCC played in providing this service. Do you have a published article or upcoming opportunity that you would like to share? Please send it our way to nwcsc@uw.edu. Many thanks to those who have provided material for this edition, particularly the Pacific Northwest Climate Impacts Research Consortium, the Climate Impacts Group and the Environmental Protection Agency’s Climate Change and Water News. Note: In the interest of reducing clutter to your inbox we have combined science content with events and learning opportunities this month. Please use our hyperlinks to minimize scrolling. To subscribe or unsubscribe please e-mail nwcsc@uw.edu. SCIENCE: Recent climate change-relevant publications, special reports and science resources. UPCOMING EVENTS: Upcoming climate change-relevant webinars, workshops, conferences, list servers and other learning opportunities. PREVIOUS ISSUES: An archive of previous Northwest Climate Change Digest issues developed by Region 10 of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Biodiversity/ Species and Ecosystem Response Addressing and adapting to the current warming trend in the PNW Congressional rider threatens iconic grouse species protection A review of conservation buffer distance estimates for the Greater Sage-Grouse Pacific salmon challenged by warming waters Arid Ecosystems Coastal/Marine Ecosystems/ Ocean Acidification/ Sea Level Rise Tracking U.S. marine fish populations as climate changes Global sea level rise scenarios for the United States National Climate Assessment Natural variations playing an important role in sea level rise Ocean Acidification threatening shellfish hatcheries Aquatic Resource/ Stream Flow/ Hydrology in the Western U.S. Devaluating drought indices for tracking interannual streamflow variability in the PNW Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds Forests Researchers find that as CO2 grows, trees don’t Fire Regional projections for the likelihood of very large wildland fires under a changing climate in the contiguous Western United States The climate-wildfire-air quality system – interactions and feedbacks Land Use Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States Halfway There? What the land sector can contribute to closing the emissions gap Tribal and Indigenous Peoples Matters Sauk-Suiattle reservation at risk from climate change Taking Action Climate data initiative releases ecosystem vulnerability and water resource resilience themes Congress passes bill to protect over 250,000 acres of wilderness Climate and Weather Reports and Services Where and when will we observe cloud changes due to climate warming? Temperature records occur in clusters Why two-degrees Celsius? Special Reports/ Announcements Obama Administration releases final principles, requirements for federal investments in water resources Climate change indicators in the United States Obama permanently withdraws Bristol Bay from leasing Biodiversity/ Species and Ecosystem Response Addressing and adapting to the current warming trend in the PNW: Over the past two years the North Cascadia Adaptation Partnership (NCAP) worked with stakeholder groups within the North Cascade region to recognize regional climate change issues relevant to resource management, and to address adaptation strategies that will help facilitate a transition into a warmer climate. In the PNW a 2.1 °C temperature increase is expected by the 2040s and a 3.8 °C increase by the 2080s. The warming climate will have significant regional effects for both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Some of the effects of a warmer climate discussed in this paper include flooding, fluctuation in seasonal flows, reduction in fish habitat suitability, and fluctuations in productivity/growth in tree species. While adapting to and dealing with the aforementioned effects of altered climate is a challenge, this paper addresses adaptation strategies that increase the potential for the PNW ecosystems to remain functional in future decades. Raymond, Crystal L.; Peterson, David L.; Rochefort, Regina M., eds. 2014. Climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the North Cascades region, Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-892. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 279 p. http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/47131 Congressional rider threatens iconic grouse species protection: Congress is finalizing an omnibus appropriations bill for the fiscal year of 2015 containing a rider that would temporarily prohibit listing the Greater Sage-Grouse as an endangered species and would impede conservation efforts for the Gunnison Sage-Grouse. Historically, riders accepted into appropriations bills are long-lasting and, in many cases, permanent. The grouse rider undercuts major conservation efforts, and jeopardizes species recovery: http://www.abcbirds.org/newsandreports/releases/141210.html A review of conservation buffer distance estimates for the Greater Sage-Grouse: This report summarizes a collection of published scientific studies that evaluated the effects of anthropogenic activities and infrastructure on Greater Sage-Grouse populations. It is intended to serve as a reference for land managers and others who aim to establish buffer distances around sage-grouse habitats. While the report does not propose management recommendations, it does provide summaries, interpretations, and citations of management recommendations from the scientific literature. Due to inherent variation in ecosystems, habitats, and populations, there is no one-size-fits-all solution for population buffer distance. Therefore, the report presents buffer distance values for six categories of different land use or disturbance categories commonly found in land-use plants. Manier, D.J., Bowen, Z.H., Brooks, M.L., Casazza, M.L., Coates, P.S., Deibert, P.A., Hanser, S.E., and Johnson, D.H. 2014. Conservation buffer distance estimates for Greater SageGrouse—A review: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014–1239, 14 p. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141239 Pacific salmon challenged by warming waters: This paper investigates the ability of Chinook salmon to adapt to warming water temperatures caused by climate change. The researchers found that the salmon developed cardiac irregularities in waters warmer than 24.5°C. Based on an average warming projection, researchers predict a 17% chance of “catastrophic” loss in the population by 2100, with this chance increasing to 98% in a maximum warming scenario. A constraint on the upper limit of thermal tolerance highlights the susceptibility of Pacific salmon populations to projected increases in temperature. http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nclimate2473.html Muñoz, N.J., Farrell, A.P., Heath, J.W., and Neff, B.D. 2014. Adaptive potential of a Pacific salmon challenged by climate change. Nature Climate Change. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2473 Arid Ecosystems Coastal/Marine Ecosystems/ Ocean Acidification/ Sea Level Rise Tracking U.S marine fish populations as climate changes: Developed by NOAA Fisheries and Rutgers University, OCEANADAPT is a web tool designed to provide distribution data on nearly 650 species of U.S fish and invertebrates important for commercial and recreational fishing. Marine fish and vertebrate populations are responding to changing ocean conditions by shifting their distributions northward to cooler waters. OCEANADAPT is a valuable tool for fishermen, managers, scientists, and fishing communities tracking and evaluating the distribution of marine fish and other species with changing climate and ocean conditions: www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/ecosystems/climate/activities/oceanadapt (landing page) http://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/stories/2014/12/oceanadapt_trackingfish.html (web story) Global Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States National Climate Assessment: Global sea level rise (SLR) has been persistent over the past several decades, and the trend expected to continue though the next century. SLR poses a serious threat to the United States as more than eight million people live in regions at risk of coastal flooding, and many of the nation’s military, energy, and commerce resources lie on or in close proximity to the ocean. This report, created by NOAA’s Climate Program Office, along with contributing authors from various federal and academic science institutions, is a synthesis of SLR scientific literature and a set of plausible future SLR scenarios. The report presents four future SLR scenarios ranging from 0.2 meters to 2.0 meters by 2100. The group of scenarios serves as a set of reasonable trajectories that can be used as a starting point for assessment experts and their stakeholders to evaluate vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation strategies in the face of uncertain futures. To download the report visit: http://cpo.noaa.gov/ClimatePrograms/ClimateSocietalInteractionsCSI/RISAProgram/RIS ANews/TabId/346/ArtMID/708/ArticleID/80/Global-Sea-Level-Rise-Scenarios-for-theUnited-States-National-Climate-Assessment.aspx Natural variations playing an important role in sea level rise: Scientists have widely accepted that sea level has been rising over the past one hundred years due to anthropogenic activities that warm the planet and melt land-locked ice. If green house gas emissions continue at their current rate, models suggest that sea level rise will continue at an accelerated rate. However, despite the emphasis on anthropogenic factors as a driving force of sea level rise, Dangendorf et al. posit that natural variation could be playing a larger role in SLR than previously thought. After analyzing 138 years of tidal gauge and ocean reanalysis data the authors found that natural variation caused random and persistent sea levels changes spanning several decades. These natural variations could incorrectly be interpreted as an acceleration of the rate of sea level rise. Therefore, future sea level rise could be higher or lower than predicted levels because of deviations arising from natural variability. Wendel, J. 2014. Sea levels changing in response to natural variations, Eos Trans. AGU, 95(48), 452. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014EO480009 Ocean acidification threatening shellfish hatcheries: A recent study published in Nature Climate Change has found that the Pacific oyster and Mediterranean mussel larvae are sensitive to saturation state, and not carbon dioxide partial pressure or pH. Saturation state is a measure of how corrosive seawater is to calcium carbonate shells of calcifying organisms. Successful larval development and growth during shell formation is heavily dependent on seawater saturation state. While pH levels affect other physiological processes, the saturation state threshold will be crossed decades earlier than pH thresholds, due to the nonlinear responses of saturation state as atmospheric CO2 concentrations are increased. This study adds to the body of evidence suggesting that moderate ocean acidification impacts almost caused the complete collapse of the PNW oyster industry. Waldbusser, G.G., Hales, B., Langdon, C.J., Haley, B.A., Schrader, P., Brunner, E.L., Gray, M.W., Miller, C.A., and Gimenez, I. 2014. Saturation-state sensitivity of marine bivalve larvae to ocean acidification. Nature Climate Change. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2479 Aquatic Resource/ Stream Flow/ Hydrology in the Western U.S. Evaluating drought indices for tracking interannual streamflow variability in the PNW: This study examines various indices and models used for monitoring interannual streamflow variability in the Pacific Northwest. Standardized precipitation index, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), Palmer drought severity index, and water balance runoff (WBR) model output were correlated to water-year runoff for 21 unregulated drainage basins in the Pacific Northwest. Indices calculated using highresolution PRISM climate surfaces explained 10-15% percent more variance in streamflow than metrics derived from coarser-resolution datasets. The paper addresses various ways to monitor hydro-climactic variables at local and regional scales and enables resource managers, landowners, and planners to see the additional benefit of using higher spatial resolution climate layers to account for the complex topography of the PNW. John T. Abatzoglou, Renaud Barbero, Jacob W. Wolf, and Zachary A. Holden, 2014: Tracking Interannual Streamflow Variability with Drought Indices in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. J. Hydrometeor, 15, 1900–1912. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-0167.1 Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds: The mountain pine beetle infestation of the Rocky Mountains has resulted in unprecedented tree death across North America. Researchers analyzed contributions to streamflow over time and space to investigate the potential for increased groundwater inputs resulting from hydrological change following the mountain pine beetle infestation. Results of this study in Rocky Mountain National Park show that on average, groundwater fractions remain higher after infestation even when including the assumption that interannual differences in snow water equivalent translate directly to less streamflow. Additionally, results indicated that forest transpiration decreased after trees infected with the mountain pine beetle died. Understanding the impacts of mountain pine beetle infestation on the hydrological cycle provides necessary understanding for water resource management in mountain pine beetle infested forests. Bearup, L.A., Maxwell, R.A., Clow, D.W., and McCray, J.E. 2014. Hydrological effects of forest transpiration loss in bark beetle-impacted watersheds, Nature Climate Change 4, 481486. doi: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2198 Forests Researchers find that as CO2 grows, trees don't: Models predicted that as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased forests would take in more CO2 and grow, increasing their ability to mitigate global warming. However, these model predictions were called into question when an international team of scientists led by Peter van der Sleen analyzed thousands of tree rings and found no correlation between increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations and increased tree growth (evidenced in tree rings). It is probable that this study came to a different conclusion because of variations in research methods. Previous studies evaluated biomass material located in small forest plots rather than using a random sample of trees throughout a forest. Additionally, van der Sleen’s study used a long-term dataset covering 150 years whereas previous studies typically evaluated tree growth on a shorter time scale. Three possible explanations are posited to explain the absence of tree growth: (1) it is possible that rising temperatures is preventing the expected tree growth, (2) the tree’s fruits or roots did grow more, just not the tree rings, (3) there is an additional resource, outside of CO2 concentrations and water, that is limiting tree growth: http://www.eenews.net/climatewire/stories/1060010602/search?keyword=Researchers+fin d+that+as+CO2+grows,+trees+don%27t van der Sleen, P., P. Groenendijk, M. Vlam, N. P. R. Anten, A. Boom, F. Bongers, T.L. Pons, G. Terburg & P. A. Zuidema. 2015. No growth stimulation of tropical trees by 150 years of CO2 fertilization but water-use efficiency increased. Nature Geoscience 8, 24–28 doi:10.1038/ngeo2313 Fire Regional projections of the likelihood of very large wildland fires under a changing climate in the contiguous Western United States: Researchers evaluated changes in the climatic potential for very large wildfires (VLWF) across the western United States during the 21st century by using generalized linear models and downscaled climate projections for two representative concentration pathways. There was a significant increase in the potential for VLWF between contemporary climate and mid-century climate (2031-2060). The Pacific Northwest, Northern Rockies, Rocky Mountains, Eastern Great Basin, and Southwest are the regions that show the greatest increase in the probability of a VLWF over time. Determining the frequency and the seasonality of VLFW is heavily dependent on future climate space. The results and projections of this study can be used for form new fire policy and by serve as a baseline for policy and management. C. Alina Cansler and Donald McKenzie 2014. Climate, fire size, and biophysical setting control fire severity and spatial pattern in the northern Cascade Range, USA. Ecological Applications 24:1037–1056. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1077.1 The climate-wildfire-air quality system – interactions and feedbacks: Current and predicted effects of climate warming present a challenge for protecting ecosystem services, which include air quality. Studies have demonstrated that increasing temperatures and longer periods of drought will increase the area burned by wildfire in North America. Wildfire has a significant impact on air quality in some locations, and is a contributor to pollutants of concern. The authors propose that climate, wildfire, and air quality need to be studied and defined as one system. Through synthesizing the latest research on climate, wildfire, and airquality the authors define interactions, feedbacks, and propose a method to studying the system as a whole. Additionally, the authors discuss the larger scientific implications for studying the system as a whole. Starvos, E.N., McKenzie, D., and Larkin, N. 2014. The climate-wildfire-air quality system: interactions and feedbacks across spatial and temporal scales. WIREs Climate Change, 5:719733. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcc.303 Land Use Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States: Researchers analyzed the potential effects of climate change on net primary productivity (NPP) of US rangelands from 2001 to 2100. Results show that the agricultural region in the Pacific Northwest could become more productive as a result of climate change. Rangelands of the interior west were projected to experience the greatest increase in NPP. Additionally, models predicted proportionally larger increases in NPP at higher elevations. The management implications of these projections are equivocal. The authors cite evidence suggesting that increased NPP could lead to an increase in grazing carrying capacity. However, other cited evidence suggests that increased NPP could lead to a reduction in overall carrying capacity because of other limiting factors. Reeves, M.C., A.L. Moreno, and K.E. Bagne. 2014. Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States, Climatic Change, 126:429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1235-8e Halfway There? What the land sector can contribute to closing the emissions gap: The Union of Concerned Scientists argues that half or more of the reductions needed to reach the two degree target (for both 2020 and 2030) could come from land sectors (agriculture, forests, and other land use: commonly referred to as AFOLU) of eight major emitting countries. There are three major AFOLU mitigation groups: (1) reducing carbon emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, and the clearing of peat lands; (2) decreasing emissions from agricultural sources such as methane from cattle and rice patties, nitrous oxide from fertilizer and manure, and carbon from soil; (3) carbon sequestration through reforestation and other forms of ecological restoration. The United States has the largest potential to reduce emissions from land sectors: http://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/stop-deforestation/halfway-there-what-landsector-can-contribute-closing-emissions-gap - .VKcJZMapz8E Tribal and Indigenous Peoples Matters Sauk-Suiattle reservation at risk from climate change: An assessment conducted by Natural Systems Design concluded that the Suak-Suiattle Indian Reservation is at risk from flooding and erosion. The Suak-Suiattle Reservation lies on the banks of the Suak River near Darrington, Washington. Over the next 80 years it is expected that flooding extent will increase by fifty percent and the frequency of the floods will more than double. Currently, the Tribe has no defenses in place to prevent the river from flooding into residential housing areas and Tribal offices: http://nwifc.org/2014/11/sauk-suiattle-reservation-risk-climatechange/ Taking Action Climate data initiative releases ecosystem vulnerability and water resources resilience themes: The Obama Administration released two datasets as part of the Climate Data Initiative, a focal point of Obama’s Climate Action Plan. The datasets focus on “Ecosystem Vulnerability” and “Water.” Data from the Ecosystem Vulnerability hub can be used to further understand the climate change impacts on water resources, biodiversity, invasive species, the ability of our ecosystems to sequester carbon, and the frequency and extent of wildland fires. Data from the water resources resilience theme provides information that can help communities and governments develop plans and policies to ensure the provisioning of water resources in the face of climate change. For more information visit: http://www.data.gov/climate/ Congress passes bill to protect over 250,000 acres of wilderness: Congress has passed the largest public lands bill in six years. In the bipartisan package over 250,000 acres of wilderness in Washington, Montana, Nevada, and Colorado will be protected, 140 miles of rivers will be protected, over a dozen national parks will be established or expanded, and hundreds of thousands of acres will be removed from mineral development. The following are examples of what the bill will protected: Hermosa Creek Special Management Area and Wilderness (Colorado), Wovoka Wilderness (Nevada), Pine Forest Range Wilderness (Nevada), Alpine Lakes Wilderness (Washington), Rocky Mountain Front Conservation Management Area and Wilderness (Montana), North Fork watershed mineral withdrawal (Montana): http://www.eenews.net/eedaily/2014/12/16/stories/1060010616 Climate and Weather Reports and Services Where and when will we observe cloud changes due to climate warming? Models predict that cloud distribution will change in response to climate warming, however uncertainties in the satellite record are greater than the magnitude of the predicted effects. Authors of a recent publication in Geophysical Research Letters discussed the effects of climate change on cloud distribution. The researchers used satellite observations and modelsimulated observations to detected changes in cloud distribution that were attributable to climate change. This study demonstrates that cloud vertical distribution is sensitive to climate change and that cloud radiative effect and total cloud cover are not robust signatures of climate change. Chepfer, H., V. Noel, D. Winker, and M. Chiriaco. 2014. Where and when will we observe cloud changes due to climate warming? Geophysical Research Letters, 41, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061792 Temperature records occur in clusters: Researchers analyzed the chronology of absolute highest and lowest temperature records for minimum and maximum temperatures across the US using climate station data from 1920 to 2013. Many of the absolute highest temperature records were set during the 1930s, during the most severe drought of the twentieth century. Additionally, during the same time period over 25% of the weather stations recorded their highest minimum daily temperature. The authors then used 20 global climate models to analyze the evolution of absolute temperature records through 2049 under a high-end greenhouse gas scenario. These models predicted that high temperatures are expected to increase and low temperatures are also expected to increase. The projected novel temperature records may necessitate adaptation measures to minimize damage to ecosystems. Abatzoglou, J.T., and R. Barbero. 2014. Observed and projected changes in absolute temperature records across the contiguous United States, Geophysical Research Letters, 41, 6501–6508. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061441 Why two-degrees Celsius? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states that we must keep the average global temperature increase since the pre-industrial era below 2 °C. Why do we focus so heavily on this specific target? This target number (2 °C) was derived from the work of William Nordhaus who stated that beyond this point “the effects of global warming on society became dangerous and problematic.” This specific two-degree target became well established in the policy domain when it was toted as a potentially achievable target during talks that preceded the Kyoto Protocol. Thereafter, two degrees Celsius became known as a “tipping point”, after which ecosystems would be increasingly disrupted. Given present projection trends we are expected to reach and surpass this twodegree tipping point within just 30 years: http://pics.uvic.ca/news/news-scan/pics-climate-news-scan-december-18-2014 - science Special Reports/ Announcements Obama Administration releases final principles, requirements and guidelines for federal investments in water resources: The Obama Administration released final version of Principles, Requirements, and Guidelines (PR&G), designed to “govern how Federal agencies evaluate proposed water resource development projects.” This is the first update to the PR&G in over than thirty years. The guideline modifications improve the current approach to water resource development by evaluating and expediting projects with the greatest economic and community benefits: http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ceq/initiatives/PandG Climate change indicators in the United States: The EPA has released the third edition of “Climate Change Indicators in the United States,” a report designed to help readers “understand long-term trends related to the causes and effects of climate change.” The report includes 4 new indicators: Wildfires, heating and cooling degree days, Lyme disease, and water level and temperature in the Great Lakes. All indicators included in the report are related the causes or effects of climate change, with some indicators representing trends that are more anthropogenic than others: http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/science/indicators/index.html Obama permanently withdraws Bristol Bay from leasing: President Obama has permanently withdrawn Alaska’s Bristol Bay, one of the world’s most valuable salmon fisheries, from future oil and gas leasing. Invoking authority from the 1953 Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, President Obama removed the North Aleutian Basin planning area (which includes Bristol Bay) from oil and gas leasing. This withdrawal will stand until Obama or a future a president reverses it. This action was unsurprising because Obama has granted Bristol Bay temporary protection in 2010 and was set to expire in 2017. This memorandum withdraws approximately 32.5 million acres from development: http://www.eenews.net/assets/2014/12/17/document_daily_01.pdf UPCOMING EVENTS Upcoming Webinars, Courses and Meetings Jan 8, 11:00am-12:00pm (Pacific), Webinar, Climate Change in America's National Parks Climate Change: Simple. Serious. Solvable. With speaker A. Scott Denning is Monfort Professor of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University Jan 12, 9:00am-2:00pm, Webcast & Event, Sacramento, CA. – Public Policy Institute of California Managing Drought Jan 14 – Workshop, Everett, WA. NPLCC-funded workshop: Using Beaver to Restore Streams Jan 15-16 – Workshop, Portland, OR. Tribal Leaders Summit on Climate Change Jan 21-22 – Workshop, Portland, OR. NPLCC-funded workshop: Using Beaver to Restore Streams Jan 15-March 17 - Online Course, Decision Analysis for Climate Change” NCTC class (ALC 3196). Register online. Jan 21, 9:00am-12:00pm (Pacific) – Webinar, Regional framework for preventing an introduction of dreissenids to the Pacific Northwest Jan 21, 2015 10-11:30am (Pacific) - Call, Pacific Northwest Tribal Climate Change Network Call Jan 21-22, 2015 – Workshop, Portland, OR. NPLCC-funded workshop: Using Beaver to Restore Streams Jan 23, 11:00-12:00 (Pacific), Webinar, NCTC - “Wood Replenishment: A Superhero in the Battle against Climate Change” Presented by: Scott Nicolai, Yakama Nation Fisheries. Jan 26, 2015 - Training, Santa Fe, NM. NCTC Course Climate-Smart Conservation Jan 27, 11:00am-12:00pm (Pacific) – Webinar, Great Northern LCC - Quantifying the benefits of watershed restoration in the face of climate change: Developing and testing a toolbox for managers that focuses on the impacts of road systems Jan 27-29, Conference, Washington D.C. The 15th National Conference and Global Forum on Science, Policy and the Environment Jan 28, 2015, 10-11am (Pacific) - Webinar, NPLCC Science-Management "Stream temperature database & high-resolution NorWeST climate scenarios." Registration required. Feb 3-5 - Conference, Skamania Lodge in Stevenson, WA. 14th Annual Stream Restoration Symposium Feb 3 - Training, Online. NCTC Climate Academy. Feb 9 - Symposium, Portland, OR. Urban Ecology & Conservation Symposium Feb 10, 11:00am-12:00pm (Pacific), Webinar – OneNOAA Science Seminar - WeatherClimate Linkages: Analysis, Modeling, and Prediction Efforts Feb 12 – Workshop, Weed, CA. NPLCC-funded workshop: Using Beaver to Restore Streams Feb 12-16 – Conference, San Jose, CA. American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting Feb 17-19 - Conference, Boise State University, ID. Great Basin Consortium Conference Feb 23-25 – Conference, Washington, D.C. Association of Climate Change Officers Climate Leadership Conference Mar 8-11 – Conference, Pacific Grove, CA. The Pacific Climate Workshop (PACLIM) 2015 Apr 21-25 – Conference, Chicago, IL. Association of American Geographers' Annual Meeting May 12-15 - Conference, St. Louis, MO. 2nd National Adaptation Forum Other Ongoing Activities NOAA Webinar Series on Ocean Acidification COMET Program Makes Available Recorded Presentations from 2013 Climate Variability and Change Course: The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research's COMET Program has made available recorded presentations from its 2013 offering of the Climate Variability and Change Virtual Course. The five-day course provided extensive background on climate variability and change with emphasis on effective communication skills. The course is free and open to anyone. Content is geared towards those who already understand the foundations of climate science. Monthly: NOAA Hosts Monthly Webinar Series on Climate Information for Managing Risks in Water Resources: Working with collaborators such as the U.S. National Integrated Drought Information System, Water Research Foundation, Water Environment Federation, Water Environment Research Foundation, and American Water Works Association, the Sectoral Applications Research Program in NOAA's Climate Program Office is hosting a series of webinars the third Thursday of every month. For a listing of webinars, visit this site. Interactive Education Module on Climate Change Science and Modeling The Climate Change Resource Center has released a new interactive online education module on basic climate change science and climate modeling. The module was designed to make climate change science approachable to the general public and to provide flexibility for busy professionals, but also to facilitate a greater level of understanding and depth through interactive features. It will help the Forest Service continue to make progress on the Climate Change Scorecard by giving all employees access to a new education option. The module, “Climate Change Science and Modeling: What You Need to Know”, gives a brief overview of the climate system, greenhouse gases, climate models, current climate impacts, and future climate projections. Interactive features allow users to control their learning experience, with opportunities to explore outside links, and learn definitions and relevant facts. The main material is followed by an activity specific to the user’s geographical region, and completing the activity will generate a personalized certificate. The climate change module is available here. PICS Canada Offers Online Climate Courses: Climate Insights 101 is a short course series designed to provide users with an in-depth understanding of climate science and related issues. New courses in 2014 focus on mitigation. Regional guides for teachers/interpreters: Educational resources for each region of the country, tied to the National Climate Assessment's key findings have been assembled and are now posted on NOAA's teaching climate webpages. (Scroll down to use the clickable map to get to the resources that have been gathered into an online educators "guide" for your region.) Each region's educators "guide" includes a short synopsis of the findings of the Assessment, and a listing of educational resources for the key messages for that region. Resources include background info, lesson plans, videos, etc. This will provide one good place to start if you are looking for info specific to your region. The guides have been vetted by scientists and educators. List Servers BioClimate News & Events from NCCWSC & the CSCs ClimateNews-- is a snapshot from British Columbia’s Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, provides new and emerging climate change adaptation and mitigation activities in the natural resource sector. Contact: katharine.mccallion@gov.bc.ca Climate CIRCulator (Oregon Climate Change Research Institute) Climate Impacts Group (Univ. Washington) Earth to Sky Newsletter (NASA/DOI Partnership): anita.l.davis@nasa.gov EPA Climate Change and Water E-Newsletter FRESC monthly e-newsletter: Contact fresc_outreach@usgs.gov FWS CC Monthly E-Newsletter: Contact kate_freund@fws.gov LCC list servers (see your LCC’s website) and the national LCC Network newsletter Ocean Acidification Report OneNOAA Science Webinars NASA's Climate Change Newsletter climate-feedback@jpl.nasa.gov North Pacific LCC Listserve – North Pacific Tidings - important news and announcements; and NPLCC Climate Science Digest - new science/information affecting natural and cultural resources. NCTC Climate Change List server (upcoming webinars and courses): contact christy_coghlan@fws.gov Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions (PICS) (British Columbia) Climate News Scan- a weekly summary of the major climate-change related science, technology, and policy advances of direct relevance to the BC provincial and the Canadian federal governments and more generally to businesses and civil society PointBlue Weekly Ecology, Climate Change and Related e-Newsletter: Contact ecohen@prbo.org PNW Tribal Climate Change Network: Contact kathy@uoregon.edu US Forest Service Fish & Wildlife Research Updates USGS Climate Matters White House Energy and Environment Updates