Name _______________________________________________ Period _______
Matter Review
Parent Signature: 2% extra credit on test if review is completed and signed by parent.
I have gone over this study guide with my student for at least 30 minutes. _____________________________
Part 1: Definitions
Write complete definitions for the following words:
Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume)
Atom: The basic particle from which all elements are made
Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Mass: The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
Molecule: A particle made of two or more atoms bonded together
Compound: A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined
Homogeneous Mixture: A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture: A mixture in which substances are unevenly distributed throughout the mixture
Thermal Expansion: The tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature
Properties: Physical characteristics used to describe something
Solid: Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape
Liquid: Matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape
Gas: Matter that does not have a definite volume or a definite shape
Proton: Particle found in the nucleus of an atom; has a positive electrical charge
Electron: Particle found moving around the outside of an atom; has a negative electrical charge
Neutron: Particle found in the nucleus of an atom; has no electrical charge (it is neutral)
Tell me specifically what makes atoms of one element different from atoms of another element: The number of protons in the nucleus.
Part 2: Atoms
1. Using the Periodic Table of elements in the textbook (page 84) write the following information for each atom listed:
A. Fluorine (F)
9 # of Protons 9 # of Neutrons 9 # of Electrons
B. Copper (Cu)
29 # of Protons 35 # of Neutrons 29 # of Electrons
C. Radon (Rn)
86 Atomic #
222 Atomic Mass
D. Iodine (I)
Nonmetal Metal or Nonmetal
Solid Phase of Matter
Part 3: Atomic Model
Draw the following atoms labeling the protons, neutrons and electrons:
A. Boron (B)
B. Neon (Ne)
Tell me what you know about making SCALE MODELS vs. models that are not to SCALE:
A model is something that represents something else. Models can be pictures, 3D art, etc. A scale model
is still something that represents something else but in a scale model the size and distance
PROPORTIONS are correct.
Part 4: Phases of Matter
1. Draw an accurate picture below of the molecules in each phase of matter. Correctly show the space between molecules,
the movement of molecules, etc.
2. What is the only phase of matter that holds its shape?
Solid
3. What is the only phase of matter that changes its volume to fit it’s container?
Gas
4. What do you need to do to matter in order to change its phase?
Add or remove heat
5. As matter changes from a solid to liquid to gas, what happens to:
Speed of molecules:
The molecules move faster
Space between molecules:
The molecules move further apart
6. Label every part of the phase change diagram with phases AND changes between the phases:
.
7. Fill in all the empty spaces in the graphic organizer below:
Freezing
Melting
Liquid
Vaporization
Solid
De-sublimation
Condensation
Gas
Part 5: Thermal Expansion
Explain what thermal expansion is:
The tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature.
Give me two examples of thermal expansion:
The air in the balloon was heated and expanded, the liquids in the test tubes, the metal ball and ring demo, the train tracks,
the bridges, the lid of the pickle jar, etc. are all examples of thermal expansion.
Part 6: Claims and Evidence
1. Make a claim about atoms and temperature:
Tell me something you know about atoms and temperature.
What evidence have you seen in class to support that claim?
Talk about several things we did or saw in class that support your claim.
2. Make a claim about compounds vs mixtures:
Tell me something you know about compounds vs. mixtures.
What evidence have you seen in class to support that claim?
Talk about several things we did or saw in class that support your claim.
3. Do the following pictures represent elements, compounds, or mixtures?
Picture 1 Mixture
Picture 2 Element (a compound must have 2 DIFFERENT KINDS of atoms)
3. Pick one other thing that you have learned about atoms and matter (or something you already knew that has been
confirmed) and write a brief paragraph about it. Your paragraph should teach me about the subject as if I had never learned
about it before.