Bio122 Lecture 13 (11/19/15): Global Ecology (Ch25); Conservation Approaches (Ch 23,24)
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I. Global Ecology (Ch 25)
A. Global biogeochemical cycles
1. Carbon cycle
a. 4 pools & key flux
b. Anthropogenic inputs
c. Methane
d. Ocean acidification
2. Nitrogen cycle
a. Pools & flux
b. Anthropogenic influence
B. Global Climate change
1. Causes
2. Ecological Consequences
a. Geographic range shifts
b. Changes in NPP (increase)
c. Changes in timing of reproduction & migration
d. Shift in community composition
e. Extinctions
II. Conservation Approaches (Ch 23 & Ch24 as noted)
1. Genetic
2. Demographic models
3. Ex situ
4. GIS & Gap analysis (Ch 24: 548)
a. Fragmentation & edge effects (Ch 24: 554-558)
5. Reserves & Reserve Networks (Ch 24: 559-563)
6. Policy/legal
7. Species rank (triage)
8. Ecosystem Based Management (Ch 24: 563-565)
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I. Global Ecology
1. Define biogeochemical cycle.
2. List the 4 main global reservoirs of carbon & note which is the largest. Note what form
most of the carbon is in each (eg, CO2, plant biomass, etc.)
3. List the 2 major process that exchange carbon across reservoirs.
4. List the 2 activities that humans have done that have increased the flux of carbon into the
atmosphere.
5. List 2 major causes of increased methane into the atmosphere.
6. Why are even small increases in methane in the atmosphere important?
7. What causes ocean acidification? What are 2 negative impacts of it?
8. What is the largest reservoir for nitrogen? What form is it in? Is this form biologically
active?
9. List 5 different ways that humans have increased input into the nitrogen cycle.
10. What is the major reservoir for phosphorous?
11. Nitrogen & phosphorus are two of the most limiting nutrients. What does this mean and
why are they so important for life?
12. List 2 impacts of increased nitrates & phosphates in soils and/or water systems.
13. List 2 ways that the current increase in atmospheric CO2 differs from cycles we have seen
over the past 500,000 years.
Bio122 Lecture 13 (11/19/15): Global Ecology (Ch25); Conservation Approaches (Ch 23,24)
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14. What are the 2 major causes of increased CO2 in the atmosphere?
15. List 5 different ecological impacts of climate change and provide an example for each.
16. Briefly describe 5 different conservation approaches and provide an example of how that
approach has been successful for 3 of these.