PLATE BOUNDARIES, FAULTS AND EARTHQUAKES
How many plates
make up the
Earth’s crust?
Approximately __________
The crust of the earth is made up of two types of plates:
_____________ _____________ is found beneath the ocean basins.
What types of
plates are
there?
 Mostly made of _____________
 _____________ than Continental Crust
 _____________ _____________ than Continental Crust
_____________ _____________ makes up the rock beneath the
What are their
continents, A.K.A. Basement Rock
characteristics?
 Mostly made of _____________
 More _____________ than Oceanic Crust
 _____________ _____________ than Oceanic Crust
How fast do
the tectonic
plates move?
The Tectonic Plates are always moving very slowly relative to each
other- generally about _____________ per _____________. This does
not seem like a lot of movement, but over _____________ periods of
_____________ _____________, it adds up! At that rate, the continents
are moving approximately 15 miles every million years.
What enables
the crust to
slide around
over the
mantle?
The top of the Earth's _____________ is divided into two sections:
The _____________ is the solid upper portion of the mantle, attached
to the crust.
The _____________ is partially molten (melted), and allows the
lithosphere to move over it.
At their edges, the Tectonic Plates are either coming together, splitting
apart, or sliding past each other.
What are the
three types of
Tectonic Plate
Boundaries?
 When two plates are moving toward each other, it is called a
_____________ _____________ _____________.
 When two plates are splitting apart, it is called a _____________
_____________ _____________.
 When to plates are sliding past each other, it is called a
_____________ _____________ _____________.
When an _____________ plate collides with a
_____________ plate, the ocean plate slides
under the continental plate. This process is
called _____________. Subduction creates
_____________ _____________ along the
What are the edge of the upper continental plate.
characteristics Examples include the _____________ _____________ in northwestern
of a
U.S. and the _____________ in Chile.
Convergent
Plate
When two _____________ plates converge, the
Boundary?
edges of the upper plate are pushed up into
large _____________ _____________ and
_____________. An example of this type of
collision is the boundary between the Indian
plate and the Asian plate which has formed the _________________
Mountains.
When two plates _____________
_____________, new crust material is
formed by molten rock rising to fill in the
What are the gaps. This type of plate boundary is found
characteristics at the _____________ _____________
of a Divergent system, and at places where continents are in the process of splitting
Plate
apart, such as the _____________ _____________.
Boundary?
Divergent plate movement is caused by _____________
_____________ within the mantle. The movement of heat flow in the
mantle is the engine that drives all plate tectonic movement!
What are the Where one plate is _____________
characteristics _____________ another, it is called a
of a Transform Transform Plate Boundary. One of the
most famous Transform Plate Boundary
Plate
is the _____________ _____________ _____________ in California.
Boundary?
What is a
Fault?
A fault is a _____________ in the _____________ _____________ along
which movement has occurred.
There are three primary types of faults.
What are the
three main
types of faults?
 _____________
 _____________
 _____________
What are the
characteristics
of a Normal
Fault?
What are the
characteristics
of a Reverse
Fault?
What are the
characteristics
of a Strike-Slip
Fault?
Normal faults are found where the crust is being _____________
_____________. The hanging wall moves _____________ relative to the
footwall.
Reverse faults are found where parts of the crust are being
_____________ or pushed together. The hanging wall is pushed
_____________ _____________ _____________ the footwall.
Strike slip faults are found where one plate is _____________
_____________ _____________ - Transform Plate Boundaries!
Earthquakes produce ______ kinds of waves through the Earth's
surface:
_____________ Waves or P-Waves
 _____________ waves like sound waves.
 P-Waves move _____________ _____________ through the Earth.
 Travel through any type of material.
What kinds of
waves are
produced by
Earthquakes,
and what are
their
characteristics?
_____________ Waves or S-Waves
 _____________ Waves, like waves moving through water.
 S-Waves move _____________ than P-Waves.
 Travel only through _____________ material. S-waves do not move
through _____________!