Q1.
A test tube of crushed ice is taken out of a freezer and left in a warm room. The graph
shows how the temperature in the test tube changes.
(a)
What is happening to the ice at stage B?
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1 mark
(b)
Why does the temperature of the water stop rising at 23°C (stage D)?
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1 mark
(c)
Four descriptions of the ways molecules could move are given below.
They vibrate around fixed points.
They move past each other and are close together.
They move in straight lines, colliding occasionally.
They all move in the same direction at the same speed.
(i)
How do the molecules move at stage A?
Write A in the correct box above.
1 mark
(ii)
How do the molecules move at stage C?
Write C in the correct box above.
1 mark
(d)
Ice from a freezer is put in a glass of water at room temperature. The ice floats in the
water.
(i)
What does this show about the density of the ice compared to that of water?
Tick the correct box.
Ice is more dense than water.
Ice and water have the same density.
Ice is less dense than water.
Ice has a density of zero.
1 mark
(ii)
The fact that ice floats in water tells us something about the distances between the
molecules.
Tick the box by the correct statement.
The molecules are further apart in ice than in water.
The molecules are the same distance apart in ice and in water.
The molecules are closer together in ice than in water.
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks
Q2.
(a) The diagrams below show how much heat is lost from different parts of a house every
second.
Through which part of the house above is most heat lost?
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1 mark
(b)
Part of the house is insulated to reduce the loss of heat.
This is shown below.
(i)
Which part of the house has been insulated?
................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
Explain your answer.
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1 mark
(c)
The table below gives information about three fossil fuels that can be used to heat a
house.
physical
fuel
state
energy
released
Does the fuel produce these
substances when burned?
when 1g is
burned (J)
water
sulphur
dioxide
coal
solid
25000
yes
yes
oil
liquid
42000
yes
yes
methane
gas
55000
yes
no
(i)
Which fuel in the table releases the least energy when 1 g is burned?
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1 mark
(ii)
Methane can be compressed.
Which information in the table shows that methane can be compressed?
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1 mark
(iii)
Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain.
Use the table to explain why burning methane does not produce acid rain.
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q3.
(a) In an iron rod the particles vibrate. If one end of an iron rod is heated, the vibrating
particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles which are not vibrating so violently.
What is this process called?
……….………………………………
1 mark
(b)
An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water.
The water next to the heater becomes warm.
(i)
What will happen to the warmed water next to the heater?
Give a reason for your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
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2 marks
(ii)
Why can heat not be transferred in this way in an iron rod?
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
1 mark
(c)
In a liquid, some of the particles have enough kinetic energy to escape from the surface.
This process happens even when the liquid is well below its boiling point.
(i)
What is this process called? ……………………………………………….
1 mark
(ii)
How will this affect the temperature of the liquid left in the container?
…………………………………………………………………………………
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks
Q4.
Leanne had four rods, each made from a different metal.
She wanted to find out which metal was the best conductor of heat.
The diagram shows some of Leanne’s equipment.
(a)
Leanne’s results are shown in the table.
metal rod
time for metal ball to
drop off (seconds)
brass
36
copper
24
lead
246
iron
132
What measuring equipment did Leanne use to get her results?
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
Give two things Leanne must do to carry out a fair test.
1 ...................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................
2 marks
(c)
Which metal in the table was the best conductor of heat?
Tick the correct box.
brass
copper
iron
lead
1 mark
(d)
Leanne left the rods in the water for a week.
One of the metal rods went rusty.
Which metal rod went rusty?
Tick the correct box.
brass
copper
iron
lead
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q5.
(a) Draw a line from each change of state to the correct name.
Draw only four lines.
3 marks
(b)
Kate made some ice cubes from pure water.
She used a sensor to measure the temperature of the ice.
What temperature will the sensor show when the ice is melting?
............. °C
1 mark
(c) Kate made some more ice cubes from salt solutions. She used a different amount
of salt in each ice cube.
The table shows the temperature at which the ice cubes melted.
mass of salt in
each ice cube (g)
temperature ice
cube melted (°C)
5
−4
10
−8
15
−11
20
−15
Look at the table above.
As the mass of salt increased, what happened to the temperature at which the ice
cube melted?
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1 mark
(d)
In very cold weather a mixture of salt and sand is spread on roads.
Why are salt and sand used?
Tick the two correct boxes.
2 marks
maximum 7 marks
Q6.
Neera and Tom dissolved different masses of salt in 500 cm3 of water.
They measured the temperature at which each salt solution boiled.
(a)
They wrote down the variables that might affect the investigation.
(i)
What is the independent variable (the variable they changed) in their
investigation?
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1 mark
(ii)
What is the dependent variable (the variable they measured) in their
investigation?
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1 mark
(iii)
Which variable above would affect the experiment the least?
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1 mark
(b)
Neera and Tom plotted their results and drew the graphs shown below.
(i)
How can you tell from the graphs that Neera and Tom started with pure
water?
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1 mark
(ii)
Why is Tom’s line of best fit better than Neera’s line of best fit?
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q7.
Meera poured 7 cm3 of water into a measuring cylinder.
She poured 7 cm3 of melted wax into another measuring cylinder.
She put both measuring cylinders into a freezer for 24 hours.
(a)
Look at the measuring cylinders.
What happened to the volume of the water and the wax after freezing?
the volume of water ...........................................................
the volume of wax .............................................................
1 mark
(b)
The measuring cylinders were taken out of the freezer and left in a room at 20°C.
•
Frozen water melts at 0°C.
•
Wax melts at 53°C.
What would the physical state of each substance be at 20°C?
Choose from gas or liquid or solid.
water ...........................................................
wax .............................................................
2 marks
(c)
Meera added blue copper sulphate crystals to some water in a beaker.
The copper sulphate dissolved in the water.
(i)
Give one way Meera could see that the copper sulphate had dissolved in
the water.
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1 mark
(ii)
Give one way that she could get the copper sulphate to dissolve more
quickly.
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1 mark
(d)
Meera poured some of the copper sulphate solution into a dish.
She left it in a warm room for a week.
A week later there was a blue solid but no liquid in the dish.
(i)
What happened to the water in the copper sulphate solution?
...............................................................................................................
1 mark
(ii)
What was the blue solid left in the dish?
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1 mark
maximum 7 marks
Q8.
(a) Jenny put a bottle of fizzy drink on a balance.
She removed the bottle-top, and the drink began to fizz.
She left the open bottle of drink and the bottle-top on the balance for five days in a warm room.
at the start
five days later
Five days later the drink was no longer fizzy. It’s mass had decreased and the level of the
liquid had gone down.
(i)
Look at the drawings of the balance.
Work out the decrease in mass after five days.
............... g
1 mark
(ii)
The fizzy drink contained sugar, colouring, a gas and water. The mass decreased
because two of these substances were lost into the air.
Which two substances were lost into the air?
1. ..................................................................
1 mark
2. ..................................................................
1 mark
(b)
The sugar, colouring and the gas were all dissolved in the water.
Which word describes the water?
Tick the correct box.
alkali
indicator
solute
solvent
1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Q9.
Amena described her idea about the evaporation of water.
Amena
(a)
Write a plan for an investigation you could carry out in the school laboratory to
test Amena’s idea.
Assume you have access to all the usual laboratory equipment.
In your plan you must write:
•
the one factor you would change as you carry out your investigation
(the independent variable)
•
the effect you would observe or measure as you carry out your
investigation (the dependent variable)
•
one factor you would keep the same to help make your test fair.
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3 marks
(b)
In the box below, draw and label a table that you could use to record your results.
1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Q10.
Some pupils predicted that water will evaporate faster if the surrounding air temperature is
higher.
To investigate their prediction they placed some water in containers in two different rooms.
(a)
Give two factors they should keep the same to make their investigation fair.
1. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b)
They recorded the mass of the water and the container in room 1 and room 2 every day
for 5 days.
The table below shows their results.
time
(days)
mass of water and container (g)
room 1
room 2
0
100
100
1
92
85
2
80
72
3
72
54
4
60
45
5
46
30
The data shown in their table is not sufficient to test their prediction.
Explain why.
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1 mark
They plotted their data for room 2 and attempted to draw a line of best fit.
(c)
Describe the mistake they made in drawing the line of best fit.
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1 mark
(d)
Using the data in the table plot the points for room 1.
1 mark
(e)
Draw a line of best fit of the points you have drawn.
1 mark
(f)
In which room did the water evaporate more quickly?
Tick one box.
room 1
room 2
Use their data to explain your answer.
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1 mark
maximum 7 marks