Chem
Name:___________________________
Chapter 3 Matter and Energy
3.2 States and Properties of Matter
Matter
•
has characteristics called ___________________ and ______________________ properties
Physical Properties
__________________________ properties are
•
characteristics observed or measured ___________________ changing
_________________________ of a substance
•
_____________, physical state, _____________________________, ___________________,
and color of that substance
Physical Properties of Copper
Copper has the following physical properties:
•
•
reddishorange
color
shiny
•
excellent
conductor
of heat and
electricity
•
solid at 25
C
•
melting
point 1083
C
•
States of Matter
Solids
•
include rocks, shells, baseballs, tennis racquets, crystals, books
•
have a ________________________ and _________________________________
States of Matter
Liquids
•
include water, lakes, rain, melted gold,
•
have _________________________ but take the ____________________________
boiling
point 2567
C
States of Matter
Gases
•
include air, helium in a balloon, neon in a neon tube
•
do _________________ have a ___________________________________________
Comparison of Solids, Liquids, and Gases
Learning Check
Identify the state of matter for each of the following:
A. vitamin tablets
D. a candle
B. eye drops
E. air in a tire
C. vegetable oil
Physical Change
A physical change occurs in a substance if there is
•
a change in _________________________
•
a change in the physical ___________________________
•
no change in __________________________________________ of the substance
Examples of Changes of State
Some _________________________________ for water:
•
solid water (ice) melts and forms liquid water
•
liquid water boils and forms gaseous water (steam)
Examples of Physical Changes
Examples of ____________________________:
•
paper torn into little pieces (change of size)
•
gold hammered into thin sheets of gold leaf (change of shape)
•
water poured into a glass (change of shape)
Learning Check
Classify each of the following as a 1) change of state 2) change of shape
A. chopping a log into kindling wood
D. ice forming in a freezer
B. water boiling in a pot
E. cutting dough into strips
C. ice cream melting
Chemical Properties
_____________________________ describe
the ability of a substance
•
to __________________________ with other substances
•
to ________________________ into a _______________________________
Learning Check
Classify each of the following properties as physical or chemical:
A. ice melts in the sun
D. a silver knife can tarnish
B. copper is a shiny metal
E. a magnet removes iron particles from a mixture
C. paper can burn
Chemical Change
In a _______________________________, a new substance forms that has
•
a new ___________________________________
•
new ___________________properties
•
new __________________ properties
Some Chemical Changes
Silver tarnishes Shiny metal reacts to form black, grainy coating.
Wood burns A piece of wood burns with a bright flame to form ash, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and heat.
Iron rusts A shiny nail combines with oxygen to form orange-red rust.
Learning Check
Classify each of the following changes as physical or chemical
A. burning a candle
D. cutting a pizza
B. ice melting on the street
E. iron rusting in an old car
C. toasting a marshmallow