FATHER AGNEL SCHOOL
CLASS IX BIOLOGY
CHAPTER 5 - FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
1. How does a living cell perform all the basic functions?
2. Give examples of cells which has (a) Fixed shape (b) Ever changing shape (c) Typical shape
3. What is membrane biogenesis?
4. Who discovered cells and how?
5. What is plasmolysis? Give one example.
6. What is cell made up of?
7. What is the composition of the cell sap?
8. How does each cell acquire its structure and ability to function?
9. Who gave the cell theory? What are the postulates of the cell theory?
10. Every multicellular organism has come from a single cell. How?
11. Define (a) diffusion (b) osmosis (c) hypotonic solution (d) hypertonic solution (e) isotonic solution
12. What will happen if we put an animal cell or a plant cell in (a) hypertonic solution (b) hypotonic
solution (c) isotonic solution and why?
13. What is endocytosis? How it is important to an organism?
14. Do dead cells also exhibit osmosis? Why/why not?
15. How do fungi and bacteria withstand very dilute external media without bursting?
16. What is chromosome made up of?
17. What is nucleoid?
18. Why do large and complex cells have cell organelles?
19. In which form is energy released from the mitochondria? How it is utilized in the cell?
20. Virus does not show characteristics of life. Why?
21. How does transport of substances occur across the plasma membrane?
22. What are the two types of transport? Distinguish between them.
23. (a) Design an activity to demonstrate osmosis.
(b) What is the importance of osmosis?
24. (a) Expand DNA and RNA.
(b) In which part of the cell it is found? State its function.
(c) In which form is DNA present in (a) dividing cell (b) non-dividing cell?
25. (a) What are genes?
(b) Where are they located?
(c) What are their functions?
26. Differentiate between
(a) chromatin, chromosome and chromatid
(b) diffusion and osmosis
(c) hypotonic and hypertonic solution
(d) nucleus and nucleoid
(e) plant and animal cell.
27. List two similarities between mitochondria and plastids.
28. Name two types of ER. Distinguish between them on the basis of structure and function.
29. Highlight the differences in vacuole in an animal cell and plant cell on the basis of (a) number (b) size
(c) location.
30. What are the function of ER and Golgi apparatus (bodies)? How are they related to each other?
31. List the functions of (a) lysosomes (b) vacuoles (c) nucleus.
32. Draw a neat labeled diagram of (i) nucleus (ii) animal cell (iii) plant cell (iv) prokaryotic cell.
33. What are the different types of plastids? Differentiate between them.
34. Name the following:(a) Two semi autonomous organelles. Why are they known so?
(b) The types of enzyme found in lysosomes and their site of synthesis.
(c) Organelles involved in the formation of lysosomes.
(d) Two factors affecting osmosis.
(e) Two nucleic acids present in the cell.
(f) Three functional regions of the cell.
(g) Location of chlorophyll in a (i) plant cell (ii) photosynthetic bacteria.
(h) Role of ER cells in the liver cells of the vertebrates.
(i) Energy currency of the cell.
35. (a) In the diagram given below identify the part marked B and C
(b) What are the substances that organelle A stores?
(c) Mention one function of organelle B and C.
(d) What are cisterns?
(j)
36. a) Observe the figure given below and answer the questions. 5
(b) What has happened to cell A and B ? Explain.
(c) Identify the type of solution into which cell A and B are placed.
(d) Name and explain the process that has taken place in cells A and B.
(k)
Chap- TISSUES IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS.
Topic- PLANT TISSUES.
1. List two characteristics of cork cells which help them to function as protective tissue.
2. Why do meristematic tissues lack vacuoles?
3. State any two reasons for plant cells to have large central vacuole.
4. What are pits? Where are they found?
5. List any six characteristics of parenchyma tissue.
6. Why does the growth of a plant occur in specific regions ?
7. What are the two types of plant tissues? Differentiate between them.
8. What are the characteristic features of the meristematic tissues?
9. How do meristemaic tissues form permanent tissues? What is this process known as?
10. Name two specialized parenchyma tissues and mention their functions.
11. What are the characteristic features of epidermal cells?
12. Name the type of plant tissue that
a) Provides support and also stored food.
b) Allow easy bending in various parts of s plant. (leaf, stem) without breaking.
c) Is found in leaf stalks below epidermis.
d) Is found around vascular bundles.
13. Is the outer layer of a branch of a tree different from the outer layer of a young stem? How?
14. What are the various elements of phloem? Mention their functions.
15. Differentiate between xylem and phloem on the basis of structure and function.
16. Make a labeled sketch of phloem.
17. Make labeled diagram of xylem elements and write their functions.
18. Name the
a) Main cells of xylem
b) Conducting cells of phloem
c) Living cells in phloem
19. Name the three types of simple permanent tissues and differentiate between them on the basis of
structure a, location and functions.
20. How is the epidermis modified to perform various functions in the following?
a) Desert plants b) aerial parts of plants c) exchange of gases d) roots
21. Which elements of xylem
(i)
help in transport of water and minerals,
(ii)
store food, and
(iii) provide mechanical support ?
22.a) Identify the type of plant tissue given below. Where in the stem of a plant would
b) you find this tissue ?
c) (b) Label the parts marked 'A' and 'B'.
d) Mention their functions.
23. (a) Identify the given figures.
(b) State in brief their structure
(c) Describe the role performed by the two
24. Label and mention the type of tissue.
1. 26. What are the different types of meristematic tissues? Where are they located in a plant? How do
they bring about growth in plants? Illustrate with suitable diagrams.
25. Name the tissue responsible for flexibility in plants ? How would you differentiate it from other
permanent tissues ?
26. Make comparisons between structure and function of tissues in plants and animals.
Topic- ANIMAL TISSUES
1. During breathing, we inhale oxygen. Where does this oxygen go?
2. Why do cells need oxygen?
3. In what form stimulus is transmitted by a neuron?
4. Where is fat stored in our body?
5. What is the function of nervous tissue?
6. Name the connective tissue which helps in repair of tissues. State where this tissue is found.
7. Write two functions of adipose tissues
8. What is basement membrane? Where is it located?
9. Write the functions of epithelial tissues.
10. Name the different types of WBCs. Name a polynuclear leukocyte.
11. What enables animals to move rapidly in response to stimuli?
12. Where are smooth muscles found? Why are they known so?
13. Where are the skeletal muscles located? Skeletal muscles are also known as striated muscles. Give
reasons.
14. Give reasons for the following :
a) We can bend the cartilage of our ears but cannot bend the bones in our arm.
b) Blood is known as fluid connective tissue.
15. Name the type of tissue whose cells are filled with fat globules. State its function
16. a) What is a connective tissue? State its any two basic components
d) Blood is known as connective tissue. Give reasons
17. What is the peculiar characteristic feature of connective tissues? How is the nature of
matrix related to the function of the particular connective tissues ?
18. What is the composition of blood? Mention the function of blood.
19. What is the composition of blood plasma? Mention the functions of various blood cells.
20. Why are muscle tissue also known as muscle fibre? How do muscles cause movements?
21. Write the various components of nervous system? What are they composed of?
22. What are the characteristic features of the epithelial tissue which makes it suitable for the following:
a) Protective role
b) Excretion and secretion
c) Absorption
d) Mechanical support
23. Specify the location of the following epithelial tissue. Mention their functions. How are they modified to
perform their function ?
a) Squamous epithelium
b) Cuboidal
c) Columnar Ciliated
d) Columnar
e) Stratified Squamous
f) Simple Squamous
24. Draw a labeled diagram of bone and answer the following questions :
a) What are bone cells known as?
b) Where are the bone cells present?
c) What is the nature of the matrix in the bone?
d) What are canaliculi ?
e) What does the Haversian canal contain?
f) Write two functions of bone.
25. Differentiate between the following :
a) Ligament and Tendon
b) Bone and Cartilage
c) Axon and Dendrites
d) Nerve fibers and Nerve
e) Voluntary Muscles and Involuntary Muscles
f) Compact Bones and Spongy Bones
26. Draw a labeled diagram of cartilage and answer the questions:
a) What are the cartilage cells known as?
b) What is the nature of matrix and what is its composition?
c) Name the places in our body where cartilage is present.
d) Name an animal whose skeleton is made up to cartilage.
27. Name the type of muscles responsible for the following :
a) Movement of limb
b) Movement of food in the alimentary canal
c) Contraction and relaxation of blood vessels
28. (a) Draw the adipose connective tissue.
(b) Mention one region in the body where this tissue is present and state one function of this tissue.
(c). Name the principle cells of this tissue.
29. (a) Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.
(b) Identify the tissue which is made up of these cells. Name one organ that is made of this tissue.
(c) What are nerve impulses?
(d) Name the part that
i)
ii)
Receives impulse
Conducts impulse
CLASS IX BIOLOGY
Chap- CROP IMPROVEMENT AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
CROP IMPROVEMENT.
1. What is Vermicompost ?
2. List any two advantages of intercropping over mixed cropping.
3. State one importance of photo period in agriculture.
4. Name one micronutrient and one macronutrient which plants take from the soil. 1
5. List two demerits of the continuous use of fertilizers.
From where do plants acquire the following nutrients?
6. (a) Nitrogen
(b) Hydrogen
7. Mention any two activities for the improvement of crop yield.
8. List the factors affecting growth and life cycle of plants.
9. List the three stages involved in farming practices.
10. What are fodder crops? Give three examples of fodder crops.
11. How does the change in maturity duration affect crop production?
12. a) What is photoperiod?
b) Name two processes that are dependent on photoperiod.
13. How does the deficiency of nutrients affect the plants? How we can remove them?
14. There is a correlation between higher inputs and yields in agriculture. Justify.
15. a ) How do insect pests damage crops?
B)
How can insect pests in crop plants and stored grains be controlled?
16. Define hybridization. List its any two advantages.
17. In India there has been a four time increase in the production of food grains from 1960-2004 with only 25% increase
in the cultivable land area. How has this increase in production achieved?
18. What fresh initiatives can be taken to increase water available for agriculture? How can these steps be practiced?
19. a) Define manures.
b)
What are its three different kinds? State two limitations of manures.
c) State two limitations of manures.
d) How is manure prepared?
e) State the role played by the manure in changing the quality of the soil of field having excess of
(i) Sandy,
ii)
clayey
soil
20. What is organic farming? Name some bio agents used as the following
.
a) Bio fertilizers
b) Bio pesticides
21. a) How is green manure prepared?
b) When is it added to the crop plants?
c) What is the advantage of this type of manure?
22. (a) The black and white dots in the picture below are an indication of two different types of crop plants, identify the
cropping pattern shown in figure 'A' and 'B'.3
(b) Mention any two advantages of such cropping patterns.
23. Why is it necessary to improve crop production from agriculture and animal husbandry? Why we cannot make do
with the current levels of production?
24. Differentiate between the following:
a) Manures and Fertilizers
b) Rabi crops and Kharif crops.
c) Micronutrients and Macronutrients
d) Mixed cropping and inter-cropping
e) Green revolution and White revolution
(Also give examples wherever necessary)
25. a) What are the short term benefits of using fertilizers?
b) How do fertilizers destroy soil fertility?
c) What will happen if excessive fertilizers get washed away by irrigation?
26. What are the various objectives of crop improvement? What is the need for varietal improvement?
27. a) What is sustainable agriculture?
b) List the various practices for sustainable agriculture.
c) Why is there a need for sustainable practices in agriculture and animal husbandry?
28. a) What is mixed cropping?
b) What are the criteria for selection of crops for mixed cropping?
c) What are the advantages of mixed cropping?
29. a) What is crop rotation?
b State its advantages.
c) What decides choice of crop in crop rotation?
30 a) List various kinds of irrigation systems. How do they supply water to agriculture land?
b) How does irrigation ensure proper crop yield?
31. List the characters selected for improvement in crop breeding programme. How can be these characters incorporated
into crop varieties?
32. a) What are weeds? Give eg.
b) How do weeds damage crops?
c) How can weeds be eradicated?
33.a) Name the disease causing agents in plants.
b) How are they transmitted?
c) How can they be controlled?
34. List the preventive methods for insects and weeds. Why are these methods preferred over the use of chemicals?
35. a) What are the factors responsible for storage losses in agriculture?
b) How do these factors damage stored produce?
c)
List the preventive measures to control storage losses in agriculture.
Topic-ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Distinguish between a mullet and a prawn.
List any two methods adopted in farming for the health of the cattle.
What are the two types of food requirements of dairy animals?
Fish culture is sometimes done in combination with a crop. Name the crop.
What are these a) Bos indicus b) Bos bubalis?
Name a cheap source of animal protein.
What do the following supply to dairy animals :
(i) Roughage
(ii) concentrates
8. What is brackish water? Give two examples of brackish water resources.
9. Differentiate between milch animals and drought animals.
10. Write two objectives behind oyster cultivation?
11. Why would a cattle breeder choose to cross breed a Jersey cow with a Red Sindhi? State two reasons.
12. State three management practices that are common in dairy and poultry farming.
13. a) Give three examples of finned and shell fish.
b) What are the two ways of obtaining fish?
c) Give five examples of marine and fresh water fish.
14. What is the major problem faced in fish farming? How it can be overcome?
15. What is animal husbandry? List the various elements of animal husbandry.
16. a) What are the two types of animal feeds?
b) What are the additives added to animal feeds and why?
17. a) What are the desirable traits for which new varieties of poultry birds are developed?
b) What is the objective behind developing improved breed?
18.
a) Explain composite fish culture systems.
b) Name the various fish species selected and the basis for their selection.
c) What is the problem with such composite fish culture?
19. a) Name the local varieties of bees used for commercial honey production.
b) Name the Italian bee variety brought into increase honey production.
c) What are the advantages of Italian honey bee over local bees?
d) What factors determine the quality and taste of honey?
e) Why do farmers use bee keeping as an additional income generating activity?
20. a) What are the symptoms of a sick animal?
b) List the disease causing agents and any one disease caused in cattle and poultry.
c) How can the animals be protected?
21. a) How are marine fishes caught?
b) How can their yield be increased?
c) How can the demand for more fishes be met?
d) Give few examples of marine fish with high economic value.
22. a) Give two examples of exotic and indigenous breeds of cows. Why are they selected? Name their
crossbreeds.
b) Give two examples of internal and external parasites in cattle. How do they affect them?
c) Give two examples of indigenous, exotic and crossbreeds of hen.
23. a) What is meant by bee-keeping ?
b) Name the variety commonly used for commercial honey production.
c) Name the variety having high honey collection capacity.
d)
State how pasturage is related to honey production.