AP Human Geography Reader’s Notes // Chapter Five
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UNIT 3: Culture // Pages 144-171
Due Date: Monday, December 2 , 2013
PD:
Date:
*Remember, it is permissible to have a study group BUT you are responsible for YOUR OWN studying and for completing the reading and all questions!*
Field Note: Building Walls 144-146
What two kinds of workers are found in the
U.S. factories making bricks today?
Who makes the bricks in Bali?
What group makes up 98% of the bricklayers in
the U.S.A.?
Define gender
What is one of the clearest ways society is
gendered?
How are women viewed in many societies in
poorer countries by their families?
When women temporarily migrate from
Southeast Asia to the Middle-East what kinds of
labor do they typically perform?
What do these women typically do with the
income they earn?
What are two long-standing assumptions in
American society regarding women in the labor
force that creates a gendered division of labor?
1. What is Identity, and How Are Identities Constructed? Pgs. 146-154
How does Gillian Rose define identity?
What is one of the most powerful ways to
construct an identity?
Explain how state nationalism works.
1A. Race pgs. 146-148
In pre-Colonial Africa, how were lines of
division perceived?
How did the Europeans come to view the
indigenous population of Africa?
How did Europeans define themselves against
other races? And why?
What is this feeling of superiority called today?
What was one of the easiest ways for Europeans to
define themselves against the “other?”What was the
result of this designation?
Why did people living in the lower latitudes
develop darker skin color?
Why isn't skin color considered a reliable
indicator of genetic closeness?
Finish this sentence: In each of these cases and
in countless others, people have constructed
racial categories to…
1B. Race and Ethnicity in the USA pgs. 148-150
How are racial categories reinforced in the
USA?
How did the USA become increasingly
nonwhite?
Why were some people labeled as “Hispanic”
prior to 2000 by the US Census Bureau?
If Hispanic is not a race, what is it?
1C. Residential Segregation pgs. 151-152
Where were the greatest geographic impacts of
racism found in the last century? Why is that?
How do Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton
define residential segregation?
What are the five statistical measurements of
segregation?
What did the 2002 Census Bureau Report
reveal about residential segregation in the
USA?
What is the most residentially segregated
metropolitan area for American Indians and
Alaska Natives when using an average of all
five measures? What is the least?
Why does residential segregation persist in
some places and not in others?
1D. Identities Across Scales pg. 153
Give examples from the text of identities at the
individual scale.
Give examples from the text of identities at the
local scale.
Give examples from the text of identities at the
regional scale.
Give examples from the text of identities at the
national scale.
Give examples from the text of identities at the
global scale.
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1E. The Scale of New York City pgs. 153-154
What two groups make up the majority of
Hispanic population in New York?
Explain the 3-step process of Puerto Rican
succession in New York City.
Explain the Dominican process of succession in
New York City.
What is the main area that new immigrants
focus on to reflect their culture in New York
City?
How do the local populations of Hispanics vary
throughout New York City? (there are five items
to this question)
2. How Do Places Affect Identity, And How Can We See Identities In Places? Pgs. 155-159
What does Gillian Rose say about how places
become part of our identity concept?
How is “sense of place” like identity?
Finish this sentence: The uniqueness of a
place…
2A. Ethnicity and Place pgs. 155-157
Explain the origin and idea of the term
“ethnicity.” (This is a two part answer)
How does Geographer Stuart Hall explain
ethnicity?
Why is identity considered natural?
Explain the notion of “canton level.”
When do cultural groups invoke the idea of
ethnicity?
When is a conflict regarded as an “ethnic
conflict?” What example does the text offer to
bolster this principle?
2A1. Chinatown in Mexicali
Why is the ethnic composition of Mexicali more
varied than just Mexican-Anglo?
Describe the history of the Mexicali Chinatown
in terms of being the largest one in Mexico.
What caused the dispersal of Chinese from the
Mexicali’s Chinatown in recent years?
Complete this sentence: Even in regions where
an ethnic population is small in number…
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2B. Identity and Space pg. 157
How does Doreen Massey and Pat Jess define
the concept of “space” in regards to place?”
What are “gendered” places?
How can a building be considered gendered?
2B1. Sexuality and Space
What does it mean to write in a
heteronormative way?
What is the focus of geographers today
regarding the study of sexuality?
Why use the term “queer theory” to study the
subject of sexuality and space?
How did the US Census of 2000 and 2010 help
researchers to make detailed maps of major
cities showing concentrations of same-sex
households in certain neighborhoods of cities.
3. How Does Geography Reflect And Shape Power Relationships Among Groups Of People? Pgs. 159-169
What are power relationships?
How do power relationships affect identity and
what is their nature?
How do power relationships affect the cultural
landscape?
How did “Jim Crow Laws” subjugate black
people in the USA?
How do gangs in the USA define and maintain
certain spaces as belonging to “members only?”
3A. Just Who Counts? Pgs. 159-161
How has the government collection of statistics
and data on the goods and services produced
within a state border undermined the economic
role of women in US society?
In addition to producing more than half the
household family income in poorer countries,
what other responsibilities do women perform
as unpaid labor?
What three factors combined create a longer
work day for most working women?
What two regions of the world showed no
increase in the labor force?
What data does the text offer regarding the
increase of women in the labor force in South
America?
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Finish this sentence: Even though women are in
the official labor force in greater proportions
than ever before, …
What two reasons does the text offer regarding
the slowdown of women employed in industry
during the 2000s?
What are the deeper concerns of geographers
studying gender issues today?
Complete this sentence: People in the West
tend to think that women are employed in the
textile and jewelry-making fields in poorer
countries because…
3B. Vulnerable Populations pgs. 161-162
Why does the study of vulnerability require
thinking geographically?
What is often considered the best way to study
how power structures in society create
vulnerable groups at the local level?
What methods did Sara Halvorson employ to
study differences in vulnerability of children in
northern Pakistan?
What did Halvorson discover through her
fieldwork studies regarding the children in
northern Pakistan?
In sub Saharan Africa, what two groups of
women have the highest incidence of
HIV/AIDS?
Why do women living in Accra have a lower
incidence of HIV/AIDS?
Why do Muslim women involved in polygamous
relationships in northern Ghana have a lower
incidence of HIV/AIDS?
3C. Women in Sub-Saharan Africa pgs. 163-164
What three elements affect the gender
composition of cities, states and regions?
What is the dominant gender, numerically, in
sub-Saharan Africa?
What gender dominates the rural to urban
migration in sub-Saharan Africa?
Describe five (5) challenges that rural women
face in sub-Saharan Africa today?
Describe four (4) challenges young girls face in
sub-Saharan Africa today?
Why is Uganda considered a leader in
affirmative action for African women?
What country in Africa has 50% of women in
the legislature?
3D. Dowry Deaths in India pgs. 164-165
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How many women were reported to die in
dowry deaths in India in 2009?
What reasons did the police in city of Chennai
give for the rise in dowry deaths in 2010?
Finish this sentence: The number of dowry
deaths, arranged marriages, and divorces in
the country (India) will continue to fluctuate…
3D. Shifting Power Relations Among Ethnic Groups pgs. 165-169
Why do areas of multiple ethnicities experience
an ebb and flow of acceptance over time?
When did the US government pass the first
Chinese Exclusion Act?
How did residents of Oakland, CA limit the
living arrangements of the Chinese in 1910?
What happened to the Japanese in Oakland
during World War II?
Describe the effects of the “Asian Box and the
Myth of the Model Minority.”
3D1. Power Relations in Los Angeles pgs. 168-169
What percentage of the city of Los Angeles is
counted as Hispanic?
What area in California has the most
concentration of Hispanics?
How does James Curtis describe the use of the
term “barrioization?”
How did barrioization change the cultural
landscape of the neighborhood?
What was the main catalyst and root cause for
the riots in Los Angeles in April of 1992?
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