Erin Hurst
Chem 1010
04/25/13
Molecules Around Me
Health care and Medicinal Products:
Ibuprofen:
Active Ingredients (in each tablet): Ibuprofen 200 mg (NSAID)
Purpose: Pain reliever, fever reducer
Inactive Ingredients: Colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch,
croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, iron oxide red, iron oxide
yellow, microcrystalline, cellulose, polyethylene glycol,
polysorbate 80, stearic acid, titanium dioxide.
Compound 1)
Name: Croscarmellose sodium
Molecular Formula: C H Ca O .4H O
It is organic because it contains carbon.
Molecular Structure:
12
10
3
14
2
Croscarmellose Sodium is used as a disintegrant in medicines.
Disintegrants are what help to break-up the medicine so that it
might not dissolve enough for the active ingredient to take affect.
Croscarmellose sodium is not thought to be absorbed and is
considered safe in normal amounts.
Compound 2)
Name: Hypromellose
Molecular Formula: C H O
It is organic because it has carbon in it.
Molecular Structure:
56
108
30
Hypromellose in tablets is used as an excipient, (controls the
release of medicine so that it doesn’t all release at once). It is
also used in many kinds of eye drops. It can act as an artificial
tear, in order to lubricate the eye. It relieves dry, irritated eyes.
Sometimes it is used as a substitute for animal gelatin.
Compound 3)
Name: Microcrystalline Cellulose
Molecular Formula: C H O
It is organic because it contains carbon.
Molecular Structure:
6
10
5
Microcrystalline Cellulose is used most commonly in vitamin
supplements and tablets. It works as an excipient. It’s properties
allow it to compress easily and make sturdy and hard pills that
dissolve easily. Microcrystalline Cellulose. comes from refined
wood pulp. It is used as a fat substitute, a food bulker, and many
other things.
Compound 4)
Name: Polyethylene Glycol
Molecular Formula: H-(O-CH -CH ) -OH
It is not organic. It is a synthetic polyether.
Molecular Structure:
2
2
n
Polyethylene Glycol is used as an excipient. It also is used as a
lubricant and a binder during the process of making the tablets.
They can also be used for coating tablets to make them glossy
on the outside so that they don’t stick when being swallowed.
Compound 5)
Name: Stearic Acid
Molecular Formula: C H O
Stearic Acid is organic because it has carbon in it.
Molecular Structure:
18
36
2
Stearic Acid is used during tablet manufacturing to help keep the
tablet’s shape and to help it slide through the machines because
of it’s waxy properties. comes from animal and plant oils. Animal
oils have a lot more stearic acid in them than plants except for
cocoa butter and Shea butter. It is used for: coating playing
cards to make them slide against each other more easily,
hardening wax in candles, coating the metal powders in
fireworks to prevent oxidation, and for lubricating clay while
being molded in ceramics. Stearic acid is also used in soaps and
shaving creams.
Personal Hygiene and Cleaning Products:
Body Lotion
Purpose: Moisturize dry skin
Ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Stearic Acid, Mineral Oil, Glycol
Stearate, Triethanolamine, Glyceryl Stearate, Dimethicone,
Petrolatum, Cetyl Alcohol, Magnesium Aluminum Silicate,
Fragrance, Methylparaben, DMDM Hydantoin, Carbomer,
Tetrasodium EDTA, Stearamide AMP, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf
Juice, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Potassium Sorbate,
Propylparaben, Sodium Benzoate, Titanium Dioxide.
Compound 1)
Name: Glycerin
Molecular Formula: C H O
It is organic because it contains carbon.
Molecular Structure:
3
8
3
Glycerin is usually used, in pharmaceutical or personal ways, to
smooth things and to lubricate. It is used in many hygiene
products like soap, lotion, shaving cream, mouthwash,
toothpaste, and hair products. It’s also used in medicines like
cough syrup and allergy medicine. It also can be used as a
sweetener in foods.
Compound 2)
Name: Triethanolamine
Molecular Formula: C H NO
Triethanolamine is organic because it has carbon in it.
Molecular Structure:
6
15
3
Triethanolamine is used as a buffer in many products like lotion,
cleansing creams, moisturizers, eye gels, shampoos, and
shaving cream. It is also used in medicine for ear infections. It is
also used in cement factories to put in the machines to keep the
powders from sticking to them.
Compound 3)
Name: Dimethicone
Molecular Formula: [–(CH ) SiO–] ,
It is synthetic, not organic,
Molecular Structure:
3 2
n
Dimethicone is one of the many kinds of silicone oil. It is used in
contact lenses, shampoos (makes hair shiny), food (defoamer),
and as lubricating oil. It can also be used to treat head lice.
Dimethicone is used in Silly Putty and gives it its stretchy
properties.
Compound 4)
Name: Magnesium Aluminum Silicate
Molecular Formula: MgAl SiO
It is refined from naturally occurring minerals.
Molecular Structure:
2
6
Food and Nutritional Supplements:
Cooking Spray:
Purpose: Non-stick spray
Ingredients: Canola Oil, Capric/Caprylic Triglycerides,
Phosphated Mono and Diglycerides, Calcium Stearate, Silicon
Dioxide, Propellent.
Compound 1
Name: Capric/Caprylic Triglycerides
Molecular Formula: C H O
It is organic because it contains carbon.
Molecular Structure:
21
41
5
This compound can be used as an antiseptic, a defoamer, or an
emulsion stabilizer. It is often used in lotions and creams
because of its oily feel. It comes from coconuts and is commonly
mistaken for Fractionated Coconut Oil. It is often used as an oil
replacement in foods.
Compound 2)
Name: Phosphated Mono and Diglycerides
Molecular Formula:
Molecular Structure:
Phosphated Mono- and Diglycerides are very commonly used in
foods to help mix things that don’t usually mix very well like water
and oils. They come from either a vegetable source or an animal
source, usually cow or hog. They are used in ice cream, bakery
products, beverages peanut butter, chewing gum, whipped
toppings, and many other common foods.
Compound 3)
Name: Calcium Stearate
Molecular Formula: C H CaO
It is organic because it has carbon in it.
Molecular Structure:
36
70
4
Calcium Stearate is insoluble in water and is used for
waterproofing fabrics, and lubricating things like pencils and
crayons. It is also used for making hard candies look glossy, like
Sprees. The concrete industry uses it to control efflorescence,
which leaves a powdery layer of salt on the cement, and it is also
the primary cause of soap scum.
Compound 4)
Name: Silicon Dioxide
Molecular Formula: SiO
It is an organic compound because it is found naturally in fruit.
Molecular Structure:
2
Silicon Dioxide is found in nature as sand or quartz. It is also
known as silica. Silica is usually used in glassware production,
many fiber optic products, and telecommunication. It can exist in
many forms, one of them being a crystal form (quartz). Another
form is sand, which is mostly made up of tiny pieces of quartz.
Silicon is a necessity for our bodies and is considered a trace
molecule. It is also found naturally in fruit and vegetables.
Work Cited
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diglyceride
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diglyceride
http://www.guidechem.com/reference/dic-9013.html
http://www.guidechem.com/reference/dic-9013.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_stearate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_stearate
http://chemed.chem.wisc.edu/chempaths/GenChemTextbook/Silicon-Dioxide-928.html
http://chemed.chem.wisc.edu/chempaths/GenChem-Textbook/Silicon-Dioxide928.html
http://www.adityachemicals.in/products/cross_carmellose_sodiu
m-usp.html
http://www.adityachemicals.in/products/cross_carmellose_sodium-usp.html
http://www.drugs.com/inactive/croscarmellose-sodium-204.html
http://www.drugs.com/inactive/croscarmellose-sodium-204.html
http://drugs.webmd.boots.com/drugs/drug-240HYPROMELLOSE.aspx?drugid=240&drugname=HYPROMEL..
http://www.drugs.com/inactive/microcrystalline-cellulose-48.html
http://www.drugs.com/inactive/microcrystalline-cellulose-48.html
http://www.lfatabletpresses.co.uk/microcrystalline-cellulose
http://www.lfatabletpresses.co.uk/microcrystalline-cellulose
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/materials-science/material-scienceproducts.html?TablePage=20204110
http://www.clariant.com/C125720D002B963C/picklist/C0EB1376
B40AC1C9C125726500432C94/$file/Polyethylene_glycols_(PE
Gs)_and_the_pharmaceutical_industry.pdf