Supplemental Digital Content
Table 1. Definition of postoperative complications and organ dysfunctions using International
Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification Diagnostic Codes
(adopted from1-3 ).
Postoperative surgical infections
Postoperative infection: 998.5
Postoperative infected seroma: 998.51
Postoperative skin abscess: 998.59
Postoperative septic wound complications: 998.59
Postoperative skin infection: 998.59
Postoperative intra-abdominal abscess: 998.59
Postoperative subdiaphragmatic abscess: 998.59
Postoperative fistula: 998.6
Non-healing surgical wound: 998.83
Mechanical wound complications
Disruption of operative wound: 998.3
Disruption of wound (nonspecified): 998.30
Disruption of internal operation (surgical) wound: 998.31
Disruption of external operation (surgical) wound: 998.32
Disruption of traumatic wound repair: 998.33
Persistent postoperative fistula: 998.6
Delayed wound healing: 998.83
Procedural complications
Hemorrhage or hematoma complicating a procedure not elsewhere classified: 998.1
Hemorrhage complicating a procedure: 998.11
Hematoma complicating a procedure: 998.12
Seroma complicating a procedure: 998.13
Accidental puncture or laceration during a procedure: 998.2
Foreign body accidentally left during procedure: 998.4
Acute reaction to foreign substance accidentally left during a procedure: 998.7
Other specified complications: 998.89
Unspecified complication of procedure, not elsewhere classified: 998.9
Pulmonary complications
Aspiration: 507
Postoperative acute pneumothorax: 512.1
Pulmonary collapse: 518.0
Postoperative pulmonary edema: 518.4
Adult respiratory distress syndrome: 518.5
Postoperative acute respiratory insufficiency: 518.5
Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI): 518.7
Acute respiratory failure: 518.81
Other pulmonary insufficiency not elsewhere classified: 518.82
Acute and chronic respiratory failure: 518.84
Acute respiratory distress syndrome following trauma, shock, or surgery: 518.85
Respiratory abnormality, not otherwise specified: 786.09
Respiratory arrest: 799.1
Postoperative atelectasis: 997.3
Postoperative pneumonia: 997.3
Mendelson syndrome secondary to procedure: 997.3
Ventilator associated pneumonia: 997.31
Other respiratory complications: 997.39
Surgical (subcutaneous) emphysema: 998.81
Cardiovascular complications
Cardiac arrest: 427.5
Hypotension: 458.0, 458.2, 458.8, 458.9
Shock not otherwise specified: 785.50
Shock, cardiogenic: 785.51
Shock without trauma: 785.59
Low blood pressure, nonspecific: 796.3
Postoperative stroke: 997.02
Cardiac arrest/insufficiency during or resulting from a procedure: 997.1
Postoperative shock: 9980
Venous Thromboembolism
Pulmonary embolism and infarction: 415.1
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of deep vessels of lower extremities: 451.1
Postoperative pulmonary embolism: 415.11
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis femoral vein (deep) (superficial): 451.11
Other Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis: 451.19
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities, unspecified: 451.2
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other sites: 451.8
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis Iliac vein: 451.81
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of deep veins of upper extremities: 451.83
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other sites (neck veins): 451.89
Other venous embolism and thrombosis: 453
Venous embolism and thrombosis of deep vessels of lower extremity: 453.4
Venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity: 453.40
Venous embolism and thrombosis of deep vessels of proximal lower extremity: 453.41
Venous embolism and thrombosis of deep vessels of distal lower extremity: 453.42
Other venous embolism and thrombosis of other specified veins: 453.8
Venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified site: 453.9
Postoperative deep venous thrombosis: 997.79
Phlebitis or thrombophlebitis from procedure: 997.2
Gastrointestinal complications
Postoperative small bowel obstruction: 997.4
Postoperative ileus: 997.4
Postoperative ileus requiring nasogastric tube: 997.4
Postoperative nausea: 997.4
Postoperative vomiting: 997.4
Postoperative pancreatitis: 997.4
Complication of anastomosis of gastrointestinal tract: 997.4
Neurologic complications
Hydrocephalus: 331.3, 331.4
Hemiplegia or Hemiparesis: 342.0 - 342.9
Flaccid hemiplegia:342.0
Spastic hemiplegia :342.1
Other specified hemiplegia: 342.8
Hemiplegia, unspecified: 342.9
Anoxic brain damage: 348.1
Occlusion of a cerebral artery, with or without infarction: 434.0 - 434.9 (434.0, 434.1, 434.9)
Aphasia: 784.3
Postoperative neurological complications, including infarction or hemorrhage: 997.00 - 997.09
Nervous system complications: 997.0
Nervous system complication, unspecified:997.00
Central nervous system complication: 997.01
Iatrogenic cerebrovascular infarction or hemorrhage:997.02
Other nervous system complications: 997.09
Delirium
Senile dementia with delirium: 290.3
Alcohol withdrawal delirium: 291.0
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations: 291.3
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with delusions: 291.5
Drug withdrawal: 292.0
Drug-induced psychotic disorders: 292.1
Drug-induced psychotic disorder with delusions: 292.11
Drug-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations: 292.12
Drug-induced delirium: 292.81
Drug-induced mood disorder: 292.84
Drug induced sleep disorders: 292.85
Unspecified drug-induced mental disorder: 292.9
Transient mental disorders due to conditions classified elsewhere: 293
Delirium due to conditions classified elsewhere: 293.0
Subacute delirium: 293.1
Unspecified transient mental disorder in conditions classified elsewhere: 293.9
Other persistent mental disorders due to conditions classified elsewhere: 294.8
Unspecified persistent mental disorders due to conditions classified elsewhere: 294.9
Encephalopathy, not elsewhere classified: 348.3
Other encephalopathy: 348.39
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LaPar DJ, Bhamidipati CM, Mery CM, et al. Primary payer status affects mortality
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