Integumentary System
Note sheet
The Skin
3 Main Layers of Tissue
__________________________ – outermost layer of the skin. Made up of 5 smaller layers. No
blood vessels or __________________. ___________________ (outermost part) constantly
shed and replace cells
___________________________ – the “true skin”. Contains blood vessels, _______, sweat
and oil glands, and ___________________. Fingerprints
___________________________ - (subcutaneous fascia). Innermost layer. Made of elastic
and fibrous __________________ and adipose tissue (fatty). Connects the skin to underlying
_________________.
2 Main Types of Glands
Sudoriferous Glands
___________________ – extend through the dermis and open at the surface of the skin at
pores. When sweat interacts with bacteria on the skin, ____________ occurs. Removes
excess water and____________ the body
Sebaceous Glands
___________________ – open onto hair follicles. Produces ___________ which keeps the
skin from becoming dry and brittle. Helps to prevent infections b/c it is slightly __________.
When the oil gland becomes plugged, a ___________ or __________________ forms.
Hair and Nails
Hair - Each hair contains a ________. Helps to protect the body. Covers all body surfaces
except the _____________________ and the ________________________. Alopecia –
_______________________.
Nails - Protect the fingers and toes from_______________. Made of dead, packed skin cells.
If lost, nails will ___________ if the nail bed is not damaged.
Functions of the Integumentary System
________________________ – barrier to the sun and pathogens or germs, ________________,
prevents deeper tissues from drying out.
_________________________ – nerves in the skin help the body to respond to pain,
_____________, temperature, and _________________.
_________________________ – helps the body retain or lose heat. Blood vessels _______
(get bigger) - excess heat can escape through the skin…this is why your cheeks get red when
working out! Blood vessels ____________ (get smaller) – the heat is retained in the
body…why your fingers get “skinnier” and your rings are loose when your hands are cold!
_________________________ – temporary storage for fat, __________, water,__________,
and salts
_________________________ – certain substances can be absorbed through the skin
(_____________________)
_________________________ – eliminates excess salt, water, and heat through ____________
_________________________ – helps in the production of __________________.
Pigmentation
___________________ (a brownish black pigment) is produced by specialized cells called
____________________________. UV light (________________) activate melanin.
_______________ also helps to determine skin color.
Albino – absence of color pigments
___________________________ – reddish color of the skin (burns)
___________________________ – yellow discoloration of the skin
___________________________ – bluish discoloration of the skin caused by insufficient oxygen