Remobilization of Trace Elements by Forest Fire in Patagonia, Chile
Kingsley O. Odigie1, Ethel Khanis1, Sharon A. Hibdon1, Patricia Jana2, Alberto
Araneda2, Roberto Urrutia2, and A. Russell Flegal1,2
1
WIGS Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Santa
Cruz, CA 95064, USA
2
Group of Paleolimnological Studies (GEP), Aquatic Systems Research Unit,
Environmental Sciences Center EULA-Chile, University of Concepcion, Concepcion,
Chile
Supporting Information
Table S1: Method detection limits of analytes.
Detection Limit (3 x SD, Standard Deviation of 3 blanks)
(ng/g)
(µg/g)
Element
[As]
[Co]
[Cu]
[Ni]
Detection
Limit
0.015
0.005
0.005
0.066
1
[Pb]
[Zn]
[Al]
[Fe]
[Mn]
<0.001 0.179 0.005 0.001 0.001
Table S2: Digestion recoveries (concentrations) for elements in standard reference
materials (SRMs).
% Recovery (Mean ± SD, n = 3)
SRM
As
Co
Cu
Mn
Ni
Pb
Zn
Al
Fe
NIST SRM 1646a
(Estuarine
Sediment)
52.3
± 0.8
68.2
± 1.1
78.3
± 4.3
88.7
± 3.5
72.8
± 1.9
76.5
± 2.6
68.0
± 0.7
51.4
± 3.1
95.7
± 0.8
NIST SRM 1645
(River Sediment)
97.2
± 2.1
75.4
± 0.2
94.6
± 3.8
95.1
± 1.8
86.4
± 0.9
92.2
± 1.1
92.2
± 0.9
36.5
± 1.2
89.1
± 1.4
Table S3: Analytical (instrumental) precision.
% RSD (n = 6 or 7 or 8)*
% RSD (n = 5)
SRM
[As]
[Co]
[Cu]
[Ni]
[Pb] [Zn]
[Al]
[Fe]
[Mn]
SRM 1640a
4.6
0.9
1.1
0.9
1.1
1.1
5.2
2.1
0.9
Consistency
Standard A
5.4
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.5
1.1
1.2
*n = 7 for SRM 1640a and n = 8 for Consistency Standard A; n = 6 for As
Table S4: Analytical (instrumental) precision for lead isotopic compositions.
% RSD (n = 5)
Sample
208
Pb/207Pb
206
Pb/207Pb
207
Pb/204Pb
208
Pb/206Pb
PT01
0.10
0.11
0.15
0.14
PT39
0.08
0.09
0.16
0.12
2
3
al. 2013.
processed in triplicates and are reported as mean ± (standard deviation). Charcoal data were provided by Araneda et
compositions of sediments collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia, Chile. Samples marked with (*) were
Table S5: Table showing the average depth, charcoal abundance, elements concentrations, and lead isotopic
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Table S5 (continued)
Table S6: Correlations of trace and major elements concentrations with charcoal
abundance (particles/cm3, n = 30) in sediments collected from Lake Thompson in
Patagonia.
[As]
[Co]
[Cu]
[Mn]
[Ni]
[Pb]
[Zn]
[Al]
[Fe]
(µg/g) (µg/g) (µg/g) (mg/g) (µg/g) (µg/g) (µg/g) (mg/g) (mg/g)
r
0.71
-0.05
0.47
-0.06
0.08
0.54
0.83
0.44
-0.13
p-value
<0.01
0.79
0.01
0.76
0.67
<0.01
<0.01
0.02
0.50
Table S7: Correlations of trace element concentrations with Al and Fe concentrations
in sediments collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia.
Correlations of element concentrations, r (p-value), n = 41
Element
with Al concentrations (mg/g)
with Fe concentrations (mg/g)
[As] (µg/g)
0.36 (0.019)
0.13 (0.407)
[Co] (µg/g)
0.50 (0.001)
0.60 (<0.001)
[Cu] (µg/g)
0.49 (0.001)
0.10 (0.543)
[Mn] (mg/g)
0.57 (<0.001)
0.81 (<0.001)
[Ni] (µg/g)
0.54 (<0.001)
0.49 (0.001)
[Pb] (µg/g)
0.84 (<0.001)
0.47 (0.002)
[Zn] (µg/g)
0.34 (0.031)
-0.04 (0.811)
5
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concentrations profiles of sediments collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia, Chile.
Figure S1. Charcoal abundance, trace elements (Co, Cu, Mn, and Ni) concentrations, and major elements (Al and Fe)
Figure S2. Enrichment factors (EFs, normalized to Fe) of trace elements in sediments
collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia, Chile.
Figure S3. Age and sedimentation rate of sediments computed using a parallel core
collected from Lake Thompson in Patagonia, Chile.
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