2010 Benchmark 4 Study Guide – Biology 1
Part I - Plants
1. What is the cell wall of plants composed of?
2. What is the difference between vascular and nonvascular plants?
3. Where are sugars produced in plants?
4. Where is most vascular tissue found in plants?
5. What group are the most likely ancestors of plants?
6. What were 3 challenges plants faced when moving from water to land?
7. What is the cuticle of plants and what is its function?
8. What are the two groups of seed plants?
9. Where are the seeds of angiosperms produced? Where are the seeds of gymnosperms produced?
10. Give 3 examples of angiosperms and 3 examples of gymnosperms.
11. What is the difference between monocots and dicots? (include venation, flower parts, and cotyledons)
12. What does xylem transport? What does phloem transport?
13. What 3 structures are female in flowers? What 2 structures are male in flowers?
14. What is pollination? Where does it occur?
15. What is fertilization? Where does it occur?
16. What is the primary function of leaves?
17. How would you expect the flowers of plants pollinated by insects to be different from the flowers of plants
pollinated by wind and water?
18. Label the flower
Part 2 – Ecology
19. What is ecology?
20. What is a population? Give an example of a population.
21. What is a community?
22. What is the most inclusive level of organization in ecology?
23. Give an example of a predator-prey relationship.
24. Give an example of a parasitic relationship.
25. What is a niche?
26. What is a habitat?
27. The bottom of a food pyramid is always composed of what group of organisms?
28. At what levels in a food pyramid are decomposers and parasites found?
29. What are autotrophs? What is another name for an autotroph?
30. What are heterotrophs? What is another name for a heterotroph?
31. What are the 3 types of consumers? What does each type eat?
32. What amount of energy is transferred from one level to the next in a food chain?
33. What is carrying capacity?
34. What are density-dependent factors? Give 3 examples.
35. What are density-independent factors? Give 3 examples.
36. Give 3 examples of biotic factors.
37. Give 3 examples of abiotic factors.
38. List and describe the 3 types of symbiotic relationships.
39. What is the difference between parasites and predators?
2010 Benchmark 4 Study Guide – Biology 2
40. Look at the diagram and label the following – producer, 1st order consumer, 2nd order consumer, and 3rd order
consumer.
41. Draw and label the water cycle. Include evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration.
42. List the steps of the carbon cycle.
43. List the steps of the nitrogen cycle.
Part 3 - Biomes
44. What are the 2 major types of biomes?
45. Which terrestrial biome has the highest biodiversity?
46. Which terrestrial biome has the lowest biodiversity?
47. Which biome is characterized by plants known as conifers?
48. Which biome has permafrost?
49. Which biome has hardwoods (deciduous trees) and 4 seasons?
50. Which biome receives the most rainfall?
51. Which biome is home to grazing animals and has thick, nutrient-rich topsoil?
52. Which biome do we live in?
53. Which biome has distinct dry and rainy seasons and is home to zebras, elephants, and lions?
54. What are the 2 main types of aquatic biomes?
55. Which aquatic biome exhibits the highest biodiversity?
56. Which aquatic biome is a place where freshwater and saltwater meet?