Biology Name _______________________________
Practice Test on Cell Reproduction a Date _________________ Period ________
1. In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by coiling up into short rods
2. Chromatids are half of the duplicated chromosome
3. Chromosomes that are not involved in sex determination are called _ autosomes ___________________.
4. A student can study a karyotype to learn about the number and condition of chromosomes
5. The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46
6.
Binary Fission _ is the process by which bacteria split asexually into two identical organisms.
7.In bacteria, cell division takes place in two stages. First the __ circular chromosome __________________ is copied, and then the cell splits.
8.The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell’s life is interphase
9. growth : G1 :: DNA replication : __ S _____
10.The sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called the ___ cell cycle
__________.
11. During cell division, plant cells form a new _ cell plate ________ in the center of the cell.
12. In eukaryotic cells , cytokinesis _________ takes place after the nucleus divides.
13.After a new nuclear membrane forms during telophase of mitosis or meiosis, the cytoplasm _________ divides, resulting in two cells.
14. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase
15. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)
16. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis
17. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell has __ 46_ __ chromosomes

18. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4
19. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase)
20. In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when nucleus has divided and cell plate is formed.
21. Mitosis is a process by which cell’s nucleus splits into two nucleus, each with identical chromosomes(DNA)
22. Control of the cell cycle occurs at three main __ checkpoints__________.
23. Cancer occurs as a result of disorders in cell __ division ________
24. When crossing-over takes place , chromosomes pieces break off and reattach to an adjacent homologous chromosome (switching places) .
25. A karyotype is a picture of chromosomes in a cell. ______________________________.
26. What would happen if the chromosome number were not reduced before sexual reproduction? Write your answer in the space below. There would be too many chromosomes after the sex cells have joined in fertilization and the cell could not live.
27. Briefly describe all the stages of the cell cycle.

Biology
Practice Test on Cell Reproduction b
Name _______________________________
Date _________________ Period ________
1. A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a centromere
2. What is the difference between the chromosomes of eukaryotes and those of prokaryotes? Prokaryotes chromosomes are circular (not long strands), only 1 (not paired), attached to cell membrane (not in nucleus )
3. In all human body cells except the gametes, there are 46_ chromosomes.
4. A picture of a cell’s chromosomes is called a(n) ___ karyotype ______.
5. A diploid cell is one that have both chromosomes of the pair. (all chromosomes in somatic cells are found in pairs)
6. In a bacterium, cell division takes place when after chromosome has duplicated, cell membrane grows, cell grows.
7. How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell? 23
8. metaphase : prophase :: anaphase: _ metaphase______
9. Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2 is called ___ interphase ______.
10.Chromosomes coil up into short rods during ___ prophase ______.
11. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase
12. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)
13. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis
14. A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell has __ 46_ __ chromosomes

15. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4
16. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase)
17. Separation of homologues occurs during meiosis (anaphase I)
18. The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes is called crossing over
19. The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that in Anaphase I centromere doesn’t divide, chromatids are still attached to each other, homologous chromosomes separate, but in anaphase, duplicated chromosomes separate and homologous chromosomes move together into new cell.
20.The process called _ meiosis_ __ guarantees that the number of chromosomes in gametes is half the number of chromosomes in body cells.
21. Cell division in bacteria and eukaryotes are different because _ bacteria has no nucleus, chromosome doubles and then cell and cell membrane grow until cell is large enough to split into new cell.____________
22. Microtubules that extend from the poles of a cell to the centromeres during cell division are called
_____ spindle fibers _.
23. As a result of oogenesis, only ____ 1 _____ cell(s) develop(s) into (an) egg cell(s).
24. The information needed by a cell to direct its activities and to determine its characteristics is contained in___ DNA__
25. Gametes are __haploid ___and eventually undergo __ fertilization____ so the resulting _ zygote_ __ will have the characteristic number of chromosomes for that species.
26.
Refer to the illustration above. Identify the structure in the illustration and discuss its importance during eukaryotic cell division. Write your answer in the space below.
27. Compare the features of mitotic metaphase, meiotic metaphase I, and meiotic metaphase II. Write your answer in the space below.

Biology Name _______________________________
Practice Test on Cell Reproduction c Date _________________ Period ________
1.Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two __ chromatids_ _____, which are attached to each other by a centromere.
2. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8? 16
3. diploid : body cell :: haploid : _ sex cell (gamete)______
4. Binary fission is __ how bacteria or prokaryotes reproduce ______.
5. The chromosome of a bacterium differs from eukaryotic chromosomes in that _ it is a single, circular, attached to cell membrane (not in nucleus)_________
6. The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called metaphase
7. A spindle fiber is a __ microtuble (made of proteins)__ that __radiate from centromere and to which centromeres attach so that chromosomes can be pulled apart during mitosis.
___
8. In mitosis, anaphase follows _ metaphase ____.
9. Refer to the illustration above. The cell in diagram 1 is in anaphase
10. Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram 2 (prophase)
11. Refer to the illustration above. The cell shown in diagram 5 is in telophase/cytokinesis
12. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur? 3, 2, 1, 4
13. Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide? 1 (anaphase 12. Refer to the illustration above. What is the correct order in which these events occur?
15. The cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females are called __ gametes_ ______.

16. A reciprocal exchange of corresponding segments of DNA is called _ crossing over _______________.
17. As a result of spermatogenesis, __ 4 ___ cells are produced that can all develop into sperm cells.
18. A duplicated chromosome is called a _ chromosome_____ and is made of chromatids____ attached by a
__ centromere_ ________.
19. Asexual reproduction is using only 1 parent_________
20. During telophase nuclear membrane reappears, chromosomes lengthen, cell membrane pinces in or cell plate develops (plant cells) _ __.
21. Chromatids separate from each other during _ anaphase_ ___
22. Cytokinesis is _ splitting of cytoplasm _____
23. During the S portion of Interphase, chromosomes _ replicate ____
24. Cells spend most of their lifetime in interphase______.
25. Cancer occurs as a result of disorders in ___ cell division (mitosis )___
26. Explain how offspring resulting from sexual reproduction differ from offspring resulting from asexual reproduction.
27. A great deal of research on the causes of and a possible cure for cancer focuses on mitosis. Why? Write your answer in the space below