The 1920’s Events & Popular Culture
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Prohibition
Al Capone
Aimee Semple
McPherson
Scopes Monkey Trial
Flappers
Ku Klux Klan
Charles Lindbergh
General
Resources
General Resources on 1920’s
Websites
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*Roaring Twenties Hotlist: major listing of websites on various events and people associated with the Roaring Twenties.
Chicago in the Roaring 20’s
Digital History: The 1920’s
Events of the 1920’s: Stock Market Crash, Sacco and Vanzetti and Scopes Monkey Trial
Jazz Age Culture: website from Pittsburgh State University. Scroll down to bottom to site to continue on to parts II and
III.
Jazz: A History of America’s Music: companion website to documentary series by Ken Burns
The 1920's Experience - Covers the arts, literature, fads, fashion, and other significant cultural hallmarks of the 1920s.
The Roaring Twenties: a historical snapshot of life during the Roaring Twenties
The 1920’s Events & Popular Culture
9. WWW-VL: HISTORY: USA: 1920-1929: web index of 1920’s by Virtual Library
10. The Roaring Twenties - "This a collaborative effort by the faculty and students in history at Montgomery College to
investigate, create and share their knowledge of one of the most colorful decades in American history."
11. Clash of Cultures in the 1910s and 1920s
An attractive and informative site on cultural tensions, including information on prohibition, immigration, the KKK, the
New Woman, and the Scopes Trial. Produced by the Ohio State University History Department.
GHCHS Library Books
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Allen, Frederick Lewis. Only yesterday : an informal history of the nineteen-twenties. New York: Harper & Row, 1964,
c1931. (GHCHS Library book)
Boardman, Fon Wyman. America and the jazz age : a history of the 1920's. New York: H. Z. Walck, [1968]. (GHCHS
Library book)
Charyn, Jerome. Gangsters & gold diggers : old New York, the Jazz Age, and the birth of Broadway. New York: Four
Walls Eight Windows, 2003. (GHCHS Library book)
Craats, Rennay. 20th century USA. Mankato, Minn: Weigl Publishers, c2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Craats, Rennay. 20th century USA. Mankato, Minn: Weigl Publishers, c2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Craats, Rennay. History of the 1950s. Mankato, Minn: Weigl Publishers, c2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Craats, Rennay.. History of the 1920s. Mankato, MN: Weigl Publishers, c2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Drowne, Kathleen Morgan. The 1920's. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, c2004. (GHCHS Library book)
Farshtey, Greg. The 1920s. San Diego: Kidhaven Press, c2004. (GHCHS Library book)
Farshtey, Greg.. The 1920s. San Diego, Calif: Kidhaven Press, c2004. (GHCHS Library book)
Feinstein, Stephen. The 1920s : from Prohibition to Charles Lindbergh. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, c2001. (GHCHS
Library book)
Hanson, Erica. The 1920s. San Diego, Calif: Lucent Books, c1999. (GHCHS Library book)
King, David C. Al Capone and the roaring twenties. Woodbridge, CT: Blackbirch Press, c1999. (GHCHS Library book)
Kyvig, David E. Daily life in the United States, 1920-1939 : decades of promise and pain. Westport, Conn. :: Greenwood
Press,, 2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Kyvig, David E.. Daily life in the United States, 1920-1939 : decades of promise and pain. Westport, Conn: Greenwood
Press, 2002. (GHCHS Library book)
Miller, Nathan,. New world coming : the 1920s and the making of modern America. New York: Scribner, c2003. (GHCHS
Library book)
Oja, Carol J. Making music modern : New York in the 1920s. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. (GHCHS Library
book)
Phillips, Charles. Encyclopedia of historical treaties and alliances. New York: Facts on File, c2001. (GHCHS Library book)
Pietrusza, David. The roaring twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books, c1998. (GHCHS Library book)
Pietrusza, David. The roaring twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books, c1998. (GHCHS Library book)
Sichel, Marion. History of women's costume. London: Chelsea House, 1985. (GHCHS Library book)
Stewart, Gail. 1920s. New York: Crestwood House, c1989. (GHCHS Library book)
Stockdale, Tom. The life and times of Al Capone. Philadelphia, Pa: Chelsea House Publishers, 1997. (GHCHS Library book)
The 1920s. San Diego, Calif: Greenhaven Press, c2000. (GHCHS Library book)
The 1920s. San Diego, Calif: Greenhaven Press, c2000. (GHCHS Library book)
Prohibition
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"Censorship and Puritanism in the 1920s."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale(LAPL login required)
"Democratic Nomination Race of 1924, 1924."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Eighteenth Amendment."Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History. Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk. Detroit: Gale
Group, 1999. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Government and Politics in the 1920s: Overview."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
The 1920’s Events & Popular Culture
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"Prohibition (Issue)."Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History. Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk. Detroit: Gale
Group, 1999. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Religion in the 1920s: Overview."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale.
(LAPL login required)
"The Eighteenth Amendment and Prohibition."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Twenty-first Amendment."Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History. Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk. Detroit: Gale
Group, 1999. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
Alcohol and Temperance in Modern History: An International Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO Ebook; login required)
Alcohol prohibition (EH.Net economic history encyclopedia)
Anti-Saloon League of Ohio - Historical information about the league, which helped bring about the Prohibition. (ODP
summary)
Did Prohibition Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Crime?
Encyclopedia of Constitutional Amendments, Proposed Amendments, and Amending Issues, 1789-2002, Second
Edition (ABC-CLIO Ebook; login required)
Free from the Nightmare of Prohibition (by Harry Browne)
Historic Images of US Prohibition
Hypertext History — U.S. Prohibition
National Prohibition of Alcohol in the U.S. - Prohibition of alcohol existed in the U.S. between 1920 and 1933. Shown is
how Prohibition came to be, what it was really like, and how it effects American life today. (ODP summary)
Policy Analysis — Alcohol Prohibition Was A Failure
Prohibition - The "Noble Experiment" - Included are articles on why it came about and why it failed. (ODP summary)
Prohibition & the Volstead Act - Material from the Minnesota Historical Society. (ODP summary)
Prohibition in Appalachia: "Little Chicago" The Story of Johnson City,Tennessee
Prohibition news page — Alcohol and Drugs History Society
Prohibition: How Dry We Ain't - slideshow by Life magazine
Repeal of Prohibition in the U.S. - Included are a history of the repeal process and the people who worked to that end.
(ODP summary)
Repealing National Prohibition - Series of articles on what was expected with the 18th amendment, why it didn't
deliver and why it was repealed. (ODP summary)
Report on the Enforcement of the Prohibition Laws of the United States by the National Commission on Law
Observance and Enforcement (Wickersham Commission Report on Alcohol Prohibition)
Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings on Alcohol Prohibition — 1926
Temperance and Prohibition - A series of illustrated articles on the history of prohibition in the United States from Ohio
State University History Department. (ODP summary)
The Effect of Alcohol Prohibition on Alcohol Consumption (PDF)
The Volstead Act - From the National Archives. Teaching materials and documents available when teaching about
Prohibition. (ODP summary)
Al Capone
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"Capone, Al (1899-1947)."Encyclopedia of World Biography. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd Detroit: Gale
Research, 1998. 17 vols. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Capone, Alphonse (1899-1947)."DISCovering Biography. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL
login required)
Chicago Press Treatment of the Gangster, 1924-1931, Daniel McDonough, Illinois Historical Journal, Vol. 82, No. 1
(Spring, 1989), pp. 17-32. (JSTOR login required)
Chicago Syndicate - Focus is on the Chicago mob, The Outfit. Features news articles, analysis and background
information; reviews of mafia-related books and movies. (ODP summary)
Crime Library: Al Capone - An in-depth article by Marilyn Bardsley on the Prohibition Era gang boss of Chicago. (ODP
summary)
Encyclopedia of Urban America: The Cities and Suburbs (ABC-CLIO Ebook; login required)
FBI: Freedom of Information Act: Al Capone - Bureau records on gangster Al Capone amount to 2,397 pages. (ODP
summary)
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FBI: Freedom of Information Act: St. Valentine's Day Massacre - Bureau files on the murders of seven members of the
Bugs Moran gang in Chicago. (ODP summary)
History Files: Al Capone - Exhibit from the Chicago Historical Society featuring an overview of his career and archive
materials. (ODP summary)
IRS: Historical Documents of Capone Case - Reports and letters related to the Internal Revenue Service's 1931 tax
evasion case against the Chicago crime boss. (ODP summary)
Mister Capone - Concise outline of the dates, events, people in the Chicago gang leader's life, plus myths, quotes and
photos. (ODP summary)
St. Valentine's Day Massacre - Devoted to Al Capone's famous Valentine's Day message to Bugs Moran. (ODP summary)
The Other Side of Capone - Information about a film that explores the gentler side of Chicago's notorious gang boss.
Website includes a film trailer and a broadcast news report. (ODP summary)
Aimee Semple McPherson
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"McPherson, Aimee Semple (1890-1944)."DISCovering Biography. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"McPherson, Aimee Semple (1890-1944)."Encyclopedia of World Biography. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd Detroit: Gale
Research, 1998. 17 vols. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
Aimee Semple McPherson - Site about McPherson with essays on her life and activities. (ODP summary)
Aimee Semple McPherson - Student site includes a photogallery and slide show, cultural artifacts including Aimee
paper dolls from Vanity Fair and a poem by Upton Sinclair, and essays on McPherson's life and social impact. (ODP
summary)
Aimee Semple McPherson Hutton - Timeline of her life. (ODP summary)
Aimee Semple McPherson: The Greatest Woman of the Twentieth Century - Thoughts on McPherson's life with
photographs. (ODP summary)
Harper's Magazine: Aimee Semple McPherson - Archived article about McPherson, written in 1927. Requires a
subscription to access. (ODP summary)
The Rise of the Sunday School Movement, Gerald Costanzo, The North American Review, Vol. 273, No. 1 (Mar., 1988), p.
14. (JSTOR login required)
"Between the Refrigerator and the Wildfire": Aimee Semple McPherson, Pentecostalism, and the FundamentalistModernist Controversy, Matthew A. Sutton, Church History, Vol. 72, No. 1 (Mar., 2003), pp. 159-188. (JSTOR login
required)
Scopes Monkey Trial
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"Monkey Music", a series of songs in reaction to the trial from PBS's American Experience.
"The Scopes Trial, 1925."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login
required)
3. 20 Questions About the Scopes Trial AmericanHeritage.com
4. American Experience – Monkey Trial PBS
5. antievolution.org Frequently rebutted assertions
6. Civic Biology and the Origin of the School Antievolution Movement, Adam R. Shapiro, Journal of the History of Biology,
Vol. 41, No. 3 (Fall, 2008), pp. 409-433. (JSTOR login required)
7. Creationism in the United States: II. The Aftermath of the Scopes Trial, Randy Moore, The American Biology Teacher,
Vol. 60, No. 8 (Oct., 1998), pp. 568-577. (JSTOR login required)
8. Effects of the Scopes Trial, Judith V. Grabiner, Peter D. Miller, Science, New Series, Vol. 185, No. 4154 (Sep. 6, 1974), pp.
832-837. (JSTOR login required)
9. Evolution and Creationism in Science: 1880-2000, Charles A. Bleckmann, BioScience, Vol. 56, No. 2 (Feb., 2006), pp.
151-158. (JSTOR login required)
10. Evolution on trial. Lowell, Mass: Discovery Enterprises, c1994. (GHCHS Library book)
11. Hanson, Freya Ottem. The Scopes monkey trial : a headline court case. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, c2000.
(GHCHS Library book)
12. Margulies, Phillip. The devil on trial : witches, anarchists, atheists, communists, and terrorists in America's courtrooms.
Boston ::Houghton Mifflin Co.,, 2008. (GHCHS Library book)
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Marquis James's 1925 New Yorker Report on the Scopes Trial
Mencken's columns on the Scopes Trial
Nardo, Don. The Scopes trial. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books, c1997. (GHCHS Library book)
Evolution in the courtroom : a reference guide (ABC-CLIO Ebook; login required)
Podcast of HL Mencken's reports of the trial from the Baltimore Evening Sun
Scopes Trial 75th Anniversary - Radio program discussing the history of the Scopes trial, its effects on the U.S. nation,
and how evolution should be dealt with in schools today. (ODP summary)
Scopes Trial Historical Resources - Articles about the 1925 trial (held at the Rhea County Courthouse in Dayton), Bryan's
role, and related topics. Also includes a tour map of local sites. (ODP summary)
Scopes Trial Home Page by Douglas Linder. University of Missouri at Kansas City Law School
Text of the Closing Statement of William Jennings Bryan at the trial of John Scopes, Dayton, Tennessee, 1925
The Constitution, Censorship, and the Schools: Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes - A scholarly discourse on the Scopes
trial to be used as a course syllabus. (ODP summary)
The Lingering Impact of the Scopes Trial on High School Biology Textbooks, Randy Moore, BioScience, Vol. 51, No. 9
(Sep., 2001), pp. 790-796. (JSTOR login required)
The Scopes Monkey Trial - An analysis of the Scopes Trial of 1925. What was it 'really' all about? What was in the expert
testimony that the jury never heard? Was it the death knell for fundamentalism? (ODP summary)
The Scopes Trial - Large collection of information, essays, and photos on the trial, the participants, its historical context,
why Dayton got involved, and related topics. (ODP summary)
The Scopes Trial and Southern Fundamentalism in Black and White: Race, Region, and Religion, Jeffrey P. Moran, The
Journal of Southern History, Vol. 70, No. 1 (Feb., 2004), pp. 95-120. (JSTOR login required)
The Scopes Trial and the Evolving Concept of Freedom, Edward J. Larson, Virginia Law Review, Vol. 85, No. 3 (Apr.,
1999), pp. 503-529. (JSTOR login required)
The Scopes Trial – The facts behind the Myths
Transcript of Bryan's cross-examination Jonathan Marks. University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Unpublished Photographs from 1925 Tennessee vs. John Scopes "Monkey Trial" Found in Smithsonian Archives
Flappers
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"Social Trends in the 1920s: Overview."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale.
(LAPL login required)
1920s Fads - Focuses on fashions and fads. (ODP summary)
1920s Flapper: Young Women in a Modern World
Evolution of the flapper fashion
Flapper Station - A roaring 20's resource featuring antique automobiles, classic radio, flappers, jazz, and movies. (ODP
summary)
Louise Brooks Research, Kansas State Historical Society - A collection of contemporary newspaper articles from her
home State. (ODP summary)
Louise Brooks Web Site - Fan site with images and commentary: includes information on the actress' life and films, the
Jazz Age, artistic pastiches (ODP summary)
Texas Guinan's Culture Club - Focusing on the United States, includes fads, fashions, flappers and films. (ODP summary)
The 1920's Experience - Covers the arts, literature, fads, fashion, and other significant cultural hallmarks of the 1920s.
(ODP summary)
The Quintessential Flapper - Introduction, images, and link. (ODP summary)
1920s fashions from B. Altman & Company. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 1999. (GHCHS Library book)
1920s fashions from B. Altman & Company.. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 1999. (GHCHS Library book)
Blackman, Cally. The 20s & 30s : flappers & vamps. Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens Pub, 2000. (GHCHS Library book)
Herald, Jacqueline. Fashions of a decade. New York: Facts on File, c1991. (GHCHS Library book)
Joost Holscher. 1920S Fashion Design. : Costume & Fashion Press, 1998. (GHCHS Library book)
The 1920’s Events & Popular Culture
Ku Klux Klan
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"Ku Klux Klan Spreads Terror in the South."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Ku Klux Klan."Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History. Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk. Detroit: Gale
Group, 1999. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Law and Justice in the 1920s: Overview."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Martial Law Declared in Oklahoma Due to KKK Violence, 1923."DISCovering U.S.
History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"Palmer Raids Target Immigrants, 1919-1920."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering
Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
"The Birth Of A Nation Popularizes New Film Techniques, March 3, 1915."DISCovering World
History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
A Look Behind the Masks: The 1920s Ku Klux Klan in Monticello, Arkansas, Donald Holley, The Arkansas Historical
Quarterly, Vol. 60, No. 2 (Summer, 2001), pp. 131-150. (JSTOR login required)
Indiana Historical Research Foundation - History books, museum pieces, memorabilia, collectibles, research items and
more about the Ku Klux Klan. . (ODP summary)
Kleagles and Cash: The Ku Klux Klan as a Business Organization, 1915-1930, Charles C. Alexander, The Business History
Review, Vol. 39, No. 3 (Autumn, 1965), pp. 348-367. (JSTOR login required)
Power Devaluation, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Democratic National Convention of 1924, Rory McVeigh, Sociological
Forum, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Mar., 2001), pp. 1-30. (JSTOR login required)
Racial Justice in America: A Reference Handbook (ABC-CLIO Ebook; login required)
Social Morality and Personal Revitalization: Oregon's Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s, David A. Horowitz, Oregon Historical
Quarterly, Vol. 90, No. 4 (Winter, 1989), pp. 365-384. (JSTOR login required)
White-Robed Reformers: The Ku Klux Klan Comes to Arkansas, 1921-1922, Charles C. Alexander, The Arkansas Historical
Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1 (Spring, 1963), pp. 8-23. (JSTOR login required)
Charles Lindbergh
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"Aviation in the 1920s."DISCovering U.S. History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login
required)
"Lindbergh, Charles Augustus (1902-1974)."Encyclopedia of World Biography. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd Detroit: Gale
Research, 1998. 17 vols. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)
Charles Lindbergh - The Lone Eagle - Biography of Charles A. Lindbergh, focusing on his Transatlantic flight, his role with
America First, and his combat flying over the Pacific in WW2. Includes bibliography and web links. (ODP summary)
NYTimes.com - Man and Craft Were One, as a New Age Began - On the 75th anniversary of Lindbergh's famous
transatlantic flight, recollections of that event and the preparations for it. [Requires free NYTimes.com registration to
view.] (May 21, 2002) (ODP summary)
Why Lindbergh's Spirit Endures - News story about reenactment of Atlantic flight by grandson, examining reasons why
the original became legendary. (ODP summary)
Lindbergh's first solo flight
Yesterday's News: 1927 newspaper article on world reaction to flight
PBS companion site to The American Experience program on Charles Lindbergh
"Lindbergh Makes First Nonstop Solo Atlantic Flight, May 20, 1927-May 21, 1927."DISCovering U.S.
History. Online Detroit: Gale, 2003. Discovering Collection. Gale. (LAPL login required)