DESCENDANTS OF JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
=========== == ====== ======== =======
Don Norman
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Johann Heinrich Clauser (Henry Clowser), a son of Hans Jakob and
Anna Barbara Clauser, was born Dec 12, 1721 in Ottersheim, Germany and
died in an Indian attack June 1, 1764 in Clowser Gap, Frederick County
VA.
Alison D. Martin's "Ancestors of Andrew Jackson Clowser" describes
circumstances of the Indian Attack as follows:
"The Major White Fort was on the West Side of Hogue Creek about
Seven miles from Winchester. This place was known for more than a
century to be the White Homestead. Dr. White, son in law of William
Hogue, had settled there as one of the first settlers. In 1763 Major
Robert White son of the doctor, lived there and for the safety of the
many families who had settled along the big North mountain, he had
erected a small fort and stockade around his residence. At the July term
of that year, the Major appeared in person before the Justices. He was
then a justice himself and startled his brethren by announcing that
Indians had appeared in his neighborhood the day previous but
disappeared without molesting anyone, and that he had also been informed
that a large band was marauding the settlements on Great Ca-Capon. The
court was moved to convene and take steps to protect the settlements. No
action was taken and the Major returned to take charge of the situation
himself. He warned families and went along the mountain for fully six
miles as far as Owen Thomas' home and advised all to come to his fort as
this raid involved families so near to Winchester, it is well to give
the narrative as related by Maj. John White, a son of the owner of the
Fort property. Some little confusion as to the date appears. One
statement gives July 1763 and another gives June 1764. This may have
occurred by two raids having been made, for we have evidence that
Indians raided the settlement twice. Some of the families took no heed
to the warning. Owen 'Thomas being one saying he could not leave his
harvest and then rode to his neighbor Jacob Keddey, who had several
sons, to propose that they arm themselves and work together at their
harvest. He was shot dead on this trip. This was certainly the next day
after Major White had visited the Justices. In June 1764, Major White
went again to warn the people that they had better come to the fort,
that he was reliably informed that a large band was on the warpath. Now
the narrative becomes intensely interesting to many people who live in
Frederick County today, and especially in that section. 'Ibis warning
was heeded but the families moved slowly. Mrs. Thomas, the widow, Mrs
Jones and a man named Clowser started with their families but stopped at
the house of a man named Lloyd, two miles from the Fort and spent the
night. The next morning at an early hour they resumed their journey and
before they were out of the sight of the house, the Indians attacked
them and killed, wounded or took away as prisoners, twenty three
persons. A young son of Owen Thomas who had been killed in the previous
raid ran back into the house and hid, escaping detection, although the
Indians brought his mother and sister back into the house and bound and
kept them their while they fried bacon and ate breakfast. They then set
fire to the house and moved off. The boy managed to escape from the fire
and rambled about for two days before he found someone to tell his
direful story. The families had fled to the fort, Lloyd and several of
his children, David Jones and his wife, two old people, some of the
Thomas family, Henry Clowser and two of his sons were killed. Mrs
Clowser and four of her daughters were taken off as captives. The
youngest child, about two years old, was horribly butchered while
crossing the North Mountain, the band heading for the south branch.
They halted one night by Furmans Fort, the men of the fort fired upon
them. The next morning they moved away and Mrs.Thomas escaped and lived
for many years to tell thrilling stories. The wounded who were left near
Major Whites were gathered up after the departure of the Indians and
were carried to the Fort where they were cared for. Out of the seven
found, only one survived and that was Hester Lloyd who had two scalps
taken from her. A Dr. McDonald attended her, trepanned her head and she
recovered living, many years. Mrs. Thomas'daughter and Mrs Clowser and
her three daughters were taken to the Indian town and after an absence
of about six months, were released from captivity and all returned home
safely. There is something in Kercheval's narrative about the three Miss
Clowsers, who were prisoners at the same time. They were aged
respectively at ages 10, 7 and 5 years. After their return, they grew up
in their old neighborhood, and were married and raised families of
children. They were all three widows when Kercheval knew them and lived
not more than five or six miles apart. Two of them were Mrs. Shutlz and
Mrs. Snapp who lived one and a half miles from his residence and a
third, Mrs. Frye lived no more than six miles. Such history must be
accepted as totally reliable. Descendants of all these families live in
Frederick County at the time of this writing."
Johann Heinrich (Henry) appears on the passenger list of the Ship
"Osgood" that landed in Philadelphia on September 29 1750. William
Wilkie was captain and the ship sailed from Rotterdam, Holland to Cowes,
England and then to Philadelphia with 480 passengers total.
Johann married Anna Maria March 20, 1753 in PA. Anna Maria died in
May 1772 in Frederick County VA.
Johann Heinrich Clauser and his wife are buried underneath what is
now a golf course that is managed by Shawnee Land. The headstones once
stood there however they were destroyed and removed by the Developers.
Merle Moore, a researcher of the Clowser line states that from his
personal knowledge, the graves are located under what is now the
Clubhouse at this golf course.
Children of Johann Heinrich and Anna Maria Clowser.
2.
(1). Jacob
b.
d.
1764
3.
(2). John
b.c.
d.
1764
4.
(3). Elizabeth
5.
(4). Sarah Ann
b.c.
1754
d.After 1810)
6.
(5). Mary Magdalene
b.c.
1756
d.
1832
7.
(6). Henry
m.Sarah Frye Jan 12 1790
b.c.
1760
d.
1835
8.
(7). Infant
b.c.
1761
d.
1764
d.After 1810)
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Henry Clowser, a son of Johann Heinrich and Anna Maria Clowser, was
born about 1760 in Clowser Gap, Frederick County VA and died there in
1835.
Henry was the lone male survivor of the Indian Massacre of his
father Henry Clowser and two older brothers among others as they were
leaving a neighbors home after an overnight stay enroute to Whites Fort,
about two miles to the north east, which was one mile west of the
present Hayfield, VA.
Henry kept himself hid as best as a four year old could while the
Indians departed with his mother and four sisters and brothers and the
others. He was an orphan but later inherited his fathers lands and
properties according to available records.
Henry married Sarah Frye January 12, 1790 in Frederick County VA
District 16. Sarah, a daughter of Sgt. Benjamin and Catherine (Speers)
Frye, was born about 1763 in VA or KY and died about 1860 in Clowser
Gap, Frederick County. Marriage of Henry Clowser to Sarah Frye was
performed by Christian Streit.
Proof of Sarah Fryes parentage comes in the form of a will written
by her father and dated January 1813. This will is located in Shelby
County Kentucky Will Book 3 page 46. The part of the will that pertains
to Sarah Frye Clowser reads as follows. "I also bequeath to my
daughter Sarah Clousure (note mispelling) one hundred and forty eight
and a half acres of land already laid off, adjoining Isaac Fry and
Priestly Dogseth, land upon the north side of Japath Creek"
Children of Henry and Sarah (Frye) Clowser.
9.
(1). John
10.
(2). Sarah
11.
(3). Benjamin
12.
(4). Leah
b.
1795
d
1882
13.
(5). Catherine
b.
1796
d.
1882
14.
(6). Henry
b.c.
m.Regina Rosenberger Jan 15 1820
1800
d.
1870
15.
(7). Joseph
b.
1804
d.
1881
16.
(8). Mary Ann
b.
1812
d
1896
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Henry Clowser, a son of Henry and Sarah (Frye) Clowser, was born
about 1800 in Clowser Gap, Frederick County VA and died there October
10. 1870. Henry married Regina Rosenberger January 15, 1820. Regina, a
daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Brodbeck) Rosenberger, was born about
1801 and died August 22, 1878 in Clowser Gap, Frederick County VA.
Children of Henry and Regina (Rosenberger) Clowser.
17.
(1). Jacob
b.
1822
18.
(2). Henry
b.
1825
19.
(3). Mary
b.
20.
(4). Rebecca Jane
21.
(5). Louisa Catherine
22.
(6). Andrew Jackson
b.
1836
m.Sarah Moss
m.Sarah Elizabeth Dennison Nov 25 1879
d.Dec 31 1903
23.
(7). Martha Ann
b.
1837
d.
1904
24.
(8). Margaret Virginia
b.
1841
25.
(9). George Washington
b.
1842
d.
1901
26. (10). Sidney Frances
b.
1845
d.
1918
27. (11). Amanda Regina
b.
1848
d.
1911
28. (12). Harriet Ann
b.c,
1843
d.
1915
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
d.
1887
1827
d.
1911
b.
1829
d.
1920
b.
1833
d.
1908
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
Andrew Jackson Clowser, a son of Henry and Regina (Rosenberger) Clowser, was
born in Clowser's Gap, Frederick County VA in 1836 and died in Gilmer County VWV
December 31, 1903. He married Sarah "Sallie" Moss. Sallie, a daughter of David
and Mary Moss, was born in Va in 1833 and died in Gilmer County WV between 1874
and 1879. She is buried in Karickhoff Cemetery in Braxton County WV and her
grave marker gives a death date of 1871, but her daughter Regina was born in
1874.
Andrew is listed in the 1900 Gilmer County WV census with wife Sarah E.,
born in VA in October 1858. They had been married 20 years and had 4 children
living and 2 dead. This was Sarah Elizabeth Dennison. Sarah was a daughter of
John and Martha Dennison. She married Andrew in Gilmer County November 25, 1879.
Andrew served the Confederacy in the Civil War in the 51st VA
Militia with his brothers Henry, George and Jacob.
Children of Andrew Jackson and Sarah "Sallie" (Moss) Clowser.
29.
(1). David A.
b.Jun
m.Cora B. Stout Jan 17 1889
1861
30.
(2). Henry Godfrey
b.May 10 1865
m.Laura Lee Moss Jun 14 1889
m.Martha Evergreen Marks Mar 27 1892
d.Sep
5 1938
31.
(3). John Louellen
b.Mar 14 1867
m.Sarah Virginia McCoy 1886
d.Sep
1 1957
32.
(4). Andrew J.
b. Jul 28 1869
d. Feb 20 1934
m. Mary E. ------33.
(5). Clara Regina
m. Walter F. Moore
b. Jan 17 1874
d. Feb 27 1945
Children of Andrew Jackson and Sarah Elizabeth (Dennison) Clowser.
34.
(1). Blanche
b.Oct
m. Minor C. Carr May 7 1911
1883
35.
(2). Fanny B.
b.Mar
1889
36.
(3). Anna G.
b.Jul
m. Clyde E. Bennett Apr 28 1909
1892
37.
(4). Walter Scott
1896
b.Jan
29.DAVID A. CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
David A. Clowser, a son of Andrew Jackson and Sarah "Sallie" (Moss)
Clowser, was born in Frederick County Va in June 1861. He married Cora
Belle Stout in Gilmer County WV Janaury 17, 1889. Cora, daughter of
Francis Marion and Louisa (Townsend) Stout, was born in Gilmer County in
April 1872.
Children of David A. and Cora Belle (Stout) Clowser.
38.
(1). David Lee
39.
(2). Jessie Lenora
m.Charles Rumbaugh
40.
(3). Edwin
m.Erma Griffith
41.
(4). Jack
42.
(5). Robert
43.
(6). Marie
44.
(7). Ray
45.
(8). Alice
46.
(9). Eugene
b.
1914
b.
1924
47. (10). Paul
48. (11). Gwendoline
m.Clayton Toothman
30.HENRY GODFREY CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY
CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Henry Godfrey Clowser, a son of Andrew Jackson and Sarah "Sallie"
(Moss) Clowser, was born in VA May 10, 1865 and died in Gilmer County WV
September 5, 1938. He married Laura Lee Moss June 14, 1889. The couple
divorced and Henry married Martha Evergreen Marks in Gilmer County WV
March 27, 1892. Martha, a daughter of George Sponaugle and Margaret
Marks, was born November 8, 1876 and died in November 1952.
Children of Henry Godfrey and Martha Evergreen (Marks) Clowser.
49.
(1). David
b.Feb
8 1896
d.Oct 14 1918
50.
(2). Dewey
b.Dec 15 1898
m.Flossie Whisman Oct 29 1919
d,Nov 12 1986
51.
(3). Lona
m.Okey McCartney
b.Jan 20 1892
d.Nov 23 1967
52.
(4). Ada
m.Charles Deen
b.
d.
53.
(5). Sarah B.
b.Jan 18 1900
54.
(6). Harley William
b.Feb 2 1902
m.Arkie Bell McElwee Nov 21 1926
d.
55.
(7). Philip
m.Ona Carr
b.Sep 23 1909
d.Apr
56.
(8). Ernest "Lee'
m.Wanda Boone
m.Fetna Boone
b.
1910
d.
1976
57.
(9). Victor William
m.Velma McElwee
b.Dec 22 1907
d.
1957
b.Jan
7 1916
d.Jan
7 1916
60. (12). Frena Audra
b.Jan 26 1918
m.Charles Herbert Jenkins
m.Paige Furr
d.May
3 2001
61. (13). Donnie
b.Jan 21 1920
d.Feb
6 1920
62. (14). Lonnie
b.Jan 21 1920
d.Feb 13 1920
63. (15). Lilly
m.Parker Brannon
b.Feb 24 1922
d.
1895
1934
d.Jan 18 1900
1977
9 1969
58. (10). Oneda
m.Floyd Westfall
59. (11). Oletta
1975
31.JOHN LOUELLEN CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY
CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
John Louellen Clowser, a son of Andrew Jackson and Sarah "Sallie"
(Moss) Clowser, was born in Fredrick County VA March 14, 1867 and died in Wood
County WV September 1, 1957. He married Sarah Virginia McCoy in Gilmer County WV
in 1886. Sarah was born in Pocahontas County WV April 1, 1865 and died July 15,
1941.
Children of John Louellen and Sarah Virginia (McCoy) Clowser.
64.
(1). Gilbert
m.Bessie Floyd
65.
(2). Roy T.
b. May 14 1889
m.Ada May Carr Aug 18 1910
d. Oct 24 1974
66.
(3). Grace May
m.Floyd Gumm
d. Aug
67.
(4). Ora
m.Albert McCoy
68.
(5). William Jackson
m.Lana Mowery
b.Aug 27 1891
d.Dec 19 1969
69.
(6). Flodie Madge
m.Ezra Sheridan Spinks
b.Dec 25 1895
d.Sep
b. Nov
1900
32.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
1978
1979
14.HENRY CLOWSER
Andrew J. Clowser, a son of Andrew Jackson and Sarah "Sallie" (Moss)
Clowser, was born in August 1870. He married Mary E. ------. Mary was
born in September 1877 and died in Gilmer County WV between 1910 and
1920.
Children of Andrew J. and Mary E. Clowser.
70.
71.
72.
(1). Manilla
m. Lonnie P. Bailey
(2). Okey
b.c.
1904
b.c.
1906
(3). Opal
m. ------ Stonehouse
b.c.
1908
50.DEWEY CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Dewey Clowser, a son of Henry Godfrey and Martha Evergreen (Marks)
Clowser, was born in WV December 15, 1898 and died November 12, 1986. He
married Flossie Whisman in Gilmer county WV October 29, 1919. Flossie, a
daughter of Doctor Dailey "Doc" and Lilly (Bean) Whisman, was born
September 2, 1902 and died Auguxt 31, 1996.
Children of Dewey and Flossie (Whisman) Clowser.
73.
(1). Wallace
m. Reva “Teb” Brown
74.
(2). Eunice
b.May 11 1920
d.
(May 29 1920-Apr 12 2004)
b.
1922
1973
d.Sep 14 1996
75.
(3). John Boyd
m. Nell ----
b.May
76.
(4). Kenneth Brian "Kahe"
b.
9 1925
1928
60.FRENA AUDRA CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY CLOWSER
CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
CLAUSER
d.
1978
22.ANDREW JACKSON
1.JOHANN HEINRICH
Frena Audra Clowser, a daughter of Henry Godfrey and Martha
Evergreen (Marks) Clowser, was born in Gilmer county January 26, 1918
and died in Kabool, MO May 3, 2001. She married Charles Herbert Jenkins.
Charles, a son of Warner and Mollie (Stump) Jenkins, was born in Gilmer
county WV in 1914.
The couple divorced. Charles married a Delaney and Audra married
Paige L. Furr.
Children of Charles Herbert and Frena Audra (Clowser) Jenkins.
77.
(1). Garrett W.
78.
(2). Albert Eugene
79.
(3). Charles Frederick
Children of Paige L. and Frena Audra (Clowser) [Jenkins] Furr.
80.
(1). Karen
54.HARLEY WILLIAM CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY CLOWSER
22.ANDREW
JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN
HEINRICH CLAUSER
Harley William Clowser, a son of Henry Godfrey and Martha Evergreen
(Marks) Clowser, was born Febraury 2, 1920 and died in 1977. He married
Arkie Bell McElwee in Gilmer County WV November 21, 1926. Arkie, a
daughter of Floyd D. and Ida May (Fitzpatrick) McElwee, was born
November 16, 1905 and died April 22, 1977.
Children of Harley William and Arkie Bell (McElwee) Clowser.
81.
(1). Frank Teddy
m. Betty Jean Nicholas
b. Aug 8 1931
64.GILBERT CLOWSER
31.JOHN LOUELLEN CLOWSER
CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
CLAUSER
d. Jul 16 2013
22.ANDREW JACKSON
1.JOHANN HEINRICH
Gilbert Clowser, a son of John Louellen and Sarah Virginia (McCoy)
Clowser, married Bessie Floyd. Bessie was born in Gilmer County WV in
December 1899.
Children of Gilbert and Bessie (Floyd) Clowser.
82.
(1). Keith
83.
(2). Colleen
68.WILLIAM JACKSON CLOWSER
31.JOHN LOUELLEN CLOWSER
JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
HEINRICH CLAUSER
22.ANDREW
1.JOHANN
William Jackson Clowser, a son of John Louellen and Sarah Virginia
(McCoy) Clowser, was born August 27, 1891 and died December 19, 1969. He
married Lana Mowery. Lana, a daughter of John C. and Mary M. Mowery, was
born in Gilmer County in May 1896.
Children of William Jackson and Lana (Mowery) Clowser.
84.
(1). Nellie Virginia
85.
(2). Willard Edwin
86.
(3). Mary Ellen
87.
(4). Freda Mae
88.
(5). William Alford
m.Audrey Mae Johnson Aug
b.Jul 19 1930
2 1952
89.
(6). Charlotte Ann
b.
1936
69.FLODIE MADGE CLOWSER
31.JOHN LOUELLEN CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON
CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH
CLAUSER
Flodie Madge Clowser, a daughter of John Louellen and Sarah Virginia
(McCoy) Clowser, was born December 25, 1895 and died December 19, 1969.
She married Ezra Sheridan Spinks.
Children of Ezra Sheridan and Flodie Madge (Clowser) Spinks.
90.
(1). Virginia
m.Tom Overbee
91.
(2). Carl Brinton
92.
(3). Jesse
m.Dorothy ----
93.
(4). Kenneth
m.Gladys -----
94.
(5). Wilford
m.Anna Laura Flint
95.
(6). Lucille
b.Mar 21 1918
m.John Benjamin King May 28 1938
96.
(7). Leora Belle
b.May 30 1920
m.William Wilson McClung
97.
(8). James Mack
m.Lena Jewel Wright
Jun 19 1942
b.Jun
8 1926
d.Feb 27 1977
75.JOHN BOYD CLOWSER
50.DEWEY CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY CLOWSER
22.ANDREW
JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH
CLAUSER
John Boyd Clowser, a son of Dewey and Flossie (Whisman) Clowser, was born
May 9, 1925 and died before 2012. He married Nell ----.
Children of John Boyd and Nell Clowser.
98.
(1). Bobby D.
m. Dolores -----
99.
(2). Judy
100.
(3). Johnny
101.
(4). Jimmy
b. Jul
6 1943 d. Nov 9 2012
81.FRANK TEDDY CLOWSER
54.HARLEY WILLIAM CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY
CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY
CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Frank Tedddy Clowser, a son of Harley William and Arkie Bell
(McElwee) Clowser, was born in Braxton County WV August 8, 1931 and died there
July 16, 2013. He married Betty Jean Nicholas. Betty, a daughter of David and
Sarah Nicholas, was born July 12, 1942 and died in Braxton County WV September
24, 2001.
Frank was a veteran of the Korean War.
Children of Frank Teddy and Betty Jean (Nicholas) Clowser.
102.
(1). Steven
103.
(2). Frank
104.
(3). Mark
105.
(4). Cindy
m. ---- Morgan
106.
(5). Janet
m. ---- Butler
88.WILLIAM ALFORD CLOWSER
59.WILLIAM JACKSON CLOWSER
31.JOHN
LOUELLEN CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
William Alford Clowser, a son of William Jackson and Lana (Mowery)
Clowser, was born July 19, 1930. He married Audrey Mae Johnson in Las
Vegas, NV August 2, 1952.
Children of William Alford and Audrey Mae (Johnson) Clowser.
107.
(1). Linda Sue
108.
(2). Patricia Ann
98.BOBBY D. CLOWSER
75.JOHN BOYD CLOWSER
50.DEWEY CLOWSER
30.HENRY GODFREY
CLOWSER
22.ANDREW JACKSON CLOWSER
14.HENRY CLOWSER
7.HENRY CLOWSER
1.JOHANN HEINRICH CLAUSER
Bobby D. Clowser, a son of John Boyd and Nell Clowser, was born in Gilmer
County WV July 6 1943 and died in Elyria, Ohio November 9, 2012. He married
Dolores -----, who survives.
Childrenh of Bobby D. and Dolores Clowser.
109.
(1). Robert
110.
(2). David
111.
(3). Randy
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
"Gilmer County WV Marriages"
Jenkins, Garrett W., letter to Don Norman Sep 14 2001
Marks, Geraldine, "Around the Kitchen Table", The Glenville Democrat
Nov 16 1995, Jul 6 2000, Mar 22 2001
Martin, Allison D., Clowser family group records
Martin, Allison D., "Ancestors of Andrew Jackson Clowser"
Norman, Don, "Descendants of Isaac Carr", "Descendants of Doctor Daily
Whisman", "Descendants of William McElwee"
Paugh, Evelyn, Nathaniel Coleman Moss family group sheet
Stout, Russell R. and Olive M., "Descendants of John Stout"
Wheeler, Kathy, “Descendants of David Moss”
1870, 1880 Gilmer County WV census
1900, 1910, 1920 Gilmer County WV census
"THE BRAXTON DEMOCRAT-CENTRAL", Sep 28 2001
“The Chronicle-Telegram”, Elyria, OH Nov 12 2012
“The Charleston Gazette On Line” Apr 15 2004, Jul 18 2013
Elk and Little Kanawha News Jun 12 1996
_