ROLES and OUTPUTS determined thus far from Attribution Working
group
Technique
Roles: inventor, grad student, core lab scientist
Outputs: Transgenic mouse, technique (e.g. something that revolutionizes a field- PCR), visualization
technique, cell culture technique, conversational techniques
Instrument
Role: social scientist
Outputs: surveys, questionnaires, survey instrument, surveys for a qualitative instrument
Traditional Outputs/Library Science/Museum Science
Roles: Conceptualization, public engagement/communicator, reviewer (for quality), curator, information
specialist, librarian, artist, indexer, compiler, editor, author, publisher, typesetter, printer, binder, proofreader,
researcher, archivist, translator, curator, curation, supervisory advisor,
Outputs: white paper, political pundit commentary in media, agricultural extension (no of adopters,
improvement in yield, improvement in efficiency), graffiti, abstracts, subject headings, tags, annotations (e.g.
on existing ?), journal writings, search notes, reviews, peer review, curated resource lists, archival finding
aids, indexes, library research guides, exhibits, exhibition catalog, exhibit (library archives), translation in
other languages, translation of a work, thesis/dissertation, thesis/dissertation proposal, thesis/dissertation
defence, annotated bibliographies, comments on articles, letters or correspondence, emails
Data
Roles: staff scientist, inventor, data wrangler, quality assurance, scientist/lab manager, initial generation,
reviewing/editing, competitive intelligence analyst, initial idea
Outputs: staining protocol, lab notes-measurements, lab notes-protocols, lab notes-images, methodology,
patents and trademarks, stimulus sets, lab notebook, experimental protocols, protocol, experimental
manipulations, trial protocol, subject debriefing protocol, a virtual machine disk of image, virtual machines,
ultrasound measurements (and sonography images)
Software
Roles: catalog,design, develop, test, hacker, bug finder, software developer, software engineer, developer,
programmer, system administrator, execute, document, software package maintainer, project manager,
database administrator
Outputs: binary redistribution package (installer), algorithm, data analytic software tool, analysis scripts, data
cleaning, APIs, codebook (for content analysis), source code, software to make metadata for libraries
archives and museums, data analytic software tool, source code, program codes (for modelling),
commentary in code(thinking of open source-need to attribute code authors and
commentator/enhancers/hackers, who can document what they did and why), computer language (a syntax
to describe a set of operations or activities), software patch (set of changes to code to fix bugs, add features,
etc.), digital workflow (automated sequence of programs, steps to an outcome), software library (non-stand
alone code that can be incorporated into something larger), software application (computer code that
accomplishes something)
Pictures/Visuals/Videos
Roles: creator, marketing professional, composer, designer, performer, artist, creator, author, composer,
architect, photographer
Outputs: conference poster, conference presentation, animation, cartoons, curated digital collection,
performance art, photography, videos of process, educational videos, photograph, hip hop artist (DJ mixes,
attribution of samples), talks (slides), talks (videos), play, sketches, musical scores, music program notes,
music scores, curated digital collections, performance art, cartographic work (map, gis data, globe), mapping
of veins and arteries, drawing (botany, pathology), blueprints, CAD files, musical instruments
Inventions
Roles: inventor, examiner/appraiser, instrumentation operator, discoverer, building the experimental physical
setup, investigator, testing
Outputs: game, a tweak to a machine (so design/patent), unpatented inventions, physical therapies, DNA
sequence, new species, cell line
Education
Roles: developer of training materials, student, teaching faculty, mentor, teacher, project manager, creator
Outputs: syllabus, education or teaching packages, teaching faculty, reading list, lecture, curriculum, case
studies, business cases (write-ups), problem sets (teaching), training materials for education information
sciences, methods for project plan (how you can digitize your special collections), lesson plan, mentorship,
training methodologies,
Standards
Roles: designer, investigator, ontologist, quality assurance role, statistician, curator, peer review/feedback
from range of contributors, copy-editor, editor, sample collection, collector
Outputs: software documentation (WRF model wiki), design document (for data model system architecture,
data standard, standard operating procedures, standard method for measurement, best practices, codes of
practice, W3C standards, ontology, economics formula, re-analyzed data set, gold standard dataset, dataset
of mined texts, taxonomy, ontology hierarchy (property and objects), study feedback/commenting, evaluation
of protocol or policy, editorial or commentary, editing (asin editing other work pre-submission), evaluation
frameworks,
Not classified
Roles: Lab technician, researcher, chiropractor, time managment, group coordination, project manager,
moderating the brainstorm, chemist/bio chemist, creator, social worker, matchmaker, funder, futurist, expert,
paper reviewer, grant reviewer, inventor, staff scientist, paper reviewer, grant reviewer, expert, cook, chef,
maintenance agency, designer, manufacturer
Outputs: artistic map design, design (e.g. book, report, figure), organizing a demonstration or petition,
Running studies (i.e. actually running SS through experiment), structured exercises
slide box, EM negatives, strategic plan, proof, finished house, action by a central bank, portfolio, database
engine, named entity extractor, research diaries, crystal structure, chip layout, chemical structure and
synthesis, chemical structure (drug-like compound), child placed (i.e. social services), person-person
introduction, database, computer game, annotated training dataset, config file, trained neural net, website,
comment, pull request, github repository, project management template, project wiki page, google-drive
folder organization, log of record activities, log (record of activity), a template or guideline (or then do xyz),
FAQ on a practical issue in a specific field, patent and trademark, government or NGO, government
testimony, legal proceedings, dentistry plaster impressions (x-rays, MRI, etc.), recipe, novel machinery,
quality assurance procedure, automation of task method or protocol, validation of other people’s research,
physical therapies