Model Specifications
Random Ashlar Bond Stone Masonry Units
For commercial, industrial and institutional projects
These model specifications were designed to allow you to specify any of the concrete
stone masonry units manufactured by PERMACON, including the following series: Lafitt,
Dufferin, Dufferin Plus, Lamina, Urbana, Cinco and Lexa.
The section title and number, three-part organization, article titles and page layout used
for the preparation of these specifications conform to to the following documents
published by Construction Specifications Canada (CSC) and the Construction
Specifications Institute (CSI): MasterFormat (2004), SectionFormat and PageFormat.
The notes to the SPECIFICATION WRITER in italics and grey type are intended to serve
as a reminder or guide to specification writers of the choices they will have to make
during the preparation of their specifications. These should be deleted before the
document is printed.
The brackets [ ], with or without text, are intended to assist the specification writer with
the selection of various materials, products, decisions, references and other options
which are available. These brackets, together with the options which are not to be
included in the specifications, should be removed prior to the printing of the document.
The contents of these model specifications are general in nature and you will need to
adapt this document to suit the particular needs of your project. These specifications are
offered only as a guide for the benefit of construction professionals who, because of their
experience and knowledge, are in a position to assume full responsibility for the use
which they will make of them. PERMACON therefore disclaims all liability with regard to
this document.
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
SPECIFICATION WRITER: This section is provided for information purposes only, in order to
assist the specification writer in selecting the articles presented below or in adding new ones in
accordance with the specific requirements of a given project.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: This section is used to specify the erection of masonry
construction for exterior wall veneers made up of stone units manufactured by PERMACON:
random ashlar bond stone masonry units for small buildings with not more than 3 storeys and
with a height of less than 11 metres, for commercial, industrial or institutional projects
SPECIFICATION WRITER: To specify masonry construction with standard concrete units
(back-up wall for an exterior wall, interior partition or a loadbearing reinforced concrete-block
wall), consult a representative of PERMACON and the PRICE LIST AND INDEX that is updated
annually and available in paper format.
PART 1
GENERAL
1.1 SECTION CONTENT
SPECIFICATION WRITER: The only purpose of this article is to provide a brief summary of
the contents of this section. It is not intended to define the scope of the work or to take into
account the responsibilities of each trade. Make your statements brief and concise.
.1
General instructions (administrative measures) specific to this section.
.2
Products:
.1
Stone masonry units from the [Lafitt] [Dufferin] [Dufferin Plus] [Lamina]
[Urbana] [Cinco] [Lexa] Series by PERMACON.
.2
Mortar.
.3
Masonry anchors.
.4
Accessories: masonry flashings, vents [,] [and] weepholes [and movement
joint covers].
.3
The inspection of the site, the preparatory work, the installation of the masonry, the
quality control of the installation and the cleaning.
1.2 PRODUCT TO BE INSTALLED ONLY UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS SECTION
SPECIFICATION WRITER: List the products to be installed in accordance with the provisions
of this section but to be supplied by one or several sections. When products or special
equipment must be supplied “by others” who are not governed by this contract or when their
supply is not included in this contract, it is understood that this will be done by the “Owner”.
.1
[Loose steel lintels]: Section [05 50 00 - Metal Fabrications].
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STONE MASONRY UNITS
1.3 RELATED SECTIONS
SPECIFICATION WRITER: The related sections which should be listed below are those
whose contents directly affect the work described in this section. This is not “work which is
excluded” from this section that might “normally” be included in it but that is found elsewhere in
the specifications: the responsibility for coordinating the work belongs to the contractor and not
to the specification writer. List the number and title of the section.
.1
[.2
[.3
Section 03 30 00 - Cast-in-Place Concrete: foundation or back-up wall.
Section 04 21 13 - Brick Masonry.]
Section 04 22 00 - Concrete Unit Masonry; back-up wall,
load-bearing wall or
partition.]
[.4 Section 05 12 00 - Structural Steel Framing: structural steel lintels for masonry.]
[.5 Section 05 41 00 - Structural Metal Stud Framing: steel stud back-up wall, subject to
wind and seismic loads.]
.6
Section 05 50 00 - Metal Fabrications; loose steel lintels.
[.7 Section 06 10 00 - Rough Carpentry: wood stud back-up wall and nailing bases.]
[.8 Section 07 21 13 - Board Insulation.]
[.9 Section 07 21 19 - Foamed-in-Place Insulation.]
.10 Section 07 27 00 - Air Barriers.
.11 Section 07 62 00 - Sheet Metal Flashing and Trim.
[.12 Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealants: type(s) of sealant and methods of application.]
.13 Division 08 - OPENINGS.
1.4 REFERENCES
SPECIFICATION WRITER: List the reference standards, documents and organizations which
are related to or which deal with the subject of this section. Identify the standard, the acronym or
name of the certifying organization, the number, title and date of the most recent edition taking
into account the subsequent changes made to these standards.
.1
.2
Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
.1
CAN/CSA-A165.1-04 (R2009), Concrete block masonry units.
[.2 CAN/CSA-A165.2-04 (R2009), Concrete brick masonry units.]
.3
CAN/CSA-A179-04 (R2009), Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry.
.4
CAN/CSA-A370-04 (R2009), Connectors for Masonry.
.5
CAN/CSA-A371-04 (R2009), Masonry Construction for Buildings.
.6
CSA G30.3-M1983 (R1998), Cold-drawn Steel Wire for
Reinforcement.
.7
CSA S304.1-04 (R2010), Design of Masonry Structures.
Concrete
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
.1
A153/A153M-05 - Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron
and Steel Hardware.
.2
A167-99 (2009) - Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.
.3
A580/A580M-06, Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and HeatResisting Steel Wire.
.4
A641/A641M-09a Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon
Steel Wire.
.5
C568/568M-10, Standard Specification for Limestone Dimension Stone,
Class II.
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.3
1.5
1.6
Documents from the Institut de la Maçonnerie du Québec (IMQ):
.1
Travaux de maçonnerie pour les bâtiments, 1992 (in French).
.2
Technical bulletins 1 to 30, including revisions and updates (in French).
DESIGN CRITERIA
.1
The masonry veneer, which consists of the stone masonry units, the mortar and the
connectors, shall be designed, calculated and installed in such a way that it will
resist wind loads, seismic forces and other forces to which it may be subjected and
that no movement or deflection will occur which might harm the integrity or
effectiveness of the masonry work.
.2
Ensure that the bearing structure of the back-up walls (steel stud, masonry, wood
stud or cast-in-place concrete) to which the connectors are fastened are sufficiently
solid (rigidity, gauge of steel) to limit the deflection caused by the lateral loads
(winds, earthquakes, etc.) to which the building envelope might be subjected to
H/600, where H corresponds to the clear span of the back-up wall.
.3
Where required, the calculations shall be performed, signed and issued in the name
of the Owner by a Structural Engineer who is recognized and registered in the
province or state in which the masonry veneer will be installed.
DOCUMENTS AND SAMPLES FOR SUBMISSION
.1
Data sheets: provide data sheets for the stone units, flexible flashings, sealants,
factory-produced mortars and anchors.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Require shop drawings from the contractor and include paragraph
1.6.1 when the masonry work includes special or complicated details relating to projections,
patterns in the masonry, movement joints, the location of specified anchors and accessories
(vents, weepholes, membrane flashings, etc.) or when the junction with other works must be
illustrated to clearly identify each person’s responsibility.
.2
Submit shop drawings, data sheets and samples in accordance with requirements of
Section [01 33 00 - Documents and samples to submit][---]-[---]; indicate details of
[projections] [patterned masonry] [movement joints] [changes in plane]
[penetrations] [and] [junctions which are constructed on site].
.3
Supply a sample of each colour and finish combination specified for each of the
stone units.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: before permitting the submission of equivalent products for
specified materials, clearly establish the procedures to be followed by those who are making
such requests to allow for adequate comparisons of the products in terms of reference
standards (same testing method, same construction standard, etc.) and at what point and within
how many days all of the required documents and samples must be submitted so they can be
properly examined and an equitable decision can be made for all of the parties concerned.
.4
Supply the list of products proposed as equivalents to the products described in
Part 2 which are permitted by the expression “or approved equivalent” with their
product data [and] [one] [two] [sample(s)] in [...mm x...mm] sizes, in accordance
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with the requirements of the Architect [the Owner]. Follow the procedures
established for this purpose in Division 01.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Include paragraph 1.6.5 to highlight the importance of taking into
account the interface between the work of this section and one or more parts of an existing or
new building.
.5
1.7
Indicate the specific procedures which will be followed in order to make the junction
with [the existing masonry of] the walls in order to insure consistency of strength,
required weathertightness and masonry patterns.
TEST AND QUALITY CONTROL CERTIFICATION
.1
Provide a certificate of conformity issued by the PERMACON laboratory for the
batches from which the stone units for the project came [in accordance with the
requirements of Section 01 45 00 - Quality Control] and presented in the same
manner as the tables of the data sheets for the stone units.
.2
The stone units shall be inspected by the Architect following their delivery to the
worksite. The rejection criteria are the following:
.1
Stone units which are cracked on exposed faces, broken or chipped;
.2
Stone units which show unevenness in colour or finish when compared with
the control samples or with the mock-up specified in article 1.8.
.3
Stone units which do not conform to the acceptable tolerances.
.3
The stone units may be verified after delivery to the worksite by a laboratory chosen
and paid for by the Owner to determine their conformity with prescribed
specifications.
1.8 MOCK-UP
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Use article 1.8 and the appropriate paragraph(s) to have a part of
the wall of a specified size built in a specified location. This will permit the review of certain
specific details which are liable to cause problems because of their complexity or for other
reasons such as the colour of the masonry and its bond pattern, etc.
[.1
Build a mock-up of the work in accordance with the requirements of Section
01 45 00 - Quality Control].
.2
Set the mock-up of an exterior masonry wall panel adjacent to a window opening
[showing a masonry projection] [a bond pattern, finish or colour] measuring
approximately [1200 x 1800 mm] and demonstrating colours of mortar and colours
and finishes of stone units as well as details of connectors (spacing requirements,
location), through-wall flashing, movement joints, weepholes, joint profile, bed joints
and workmanship.
.3
Before proceeding with masonry work, allow a period of [-----] days for [the Architect]
[the Owner] to inspect and approve or reject mock-up.
.4
If accepted by [the Architect] [the Owner], the mock-up shall constitute the minimum
standard for workmanship; it may also be incorporated into the finished work.
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1.9
PREPARATORY MEETINGS
.1
Call a preparatory meeting [one] [---] week(s) before the commencement of work for
this section.
.2
Require the presence of a representative of the manufacturer, installer and parties
directly affected by the work for this section.
.3
Review the installation conditions and procedures and the coordination with the
work of related sections.
1.10 DELIVERY AND HANDLING
.1
During delivery, transport and storage, the stone units shall be supported and
separated from one another in the following manner: in the same row by polystyrene
strips and between horizontal rows by foam sheets.
.2
Ensure that delivered materials and packaging do not stain or discolour the surface
of masonry elements.
.3
To prevent surface staining, ensure that the units do not come into contact with soil
or other materials.
.4
Ensure that hoisting cables and lifts which are used are sufficiently long and offer
appropriate protection in order to prevent damage to the stone units during handling.
.5
Protect corners of units against all damage.
1.11 STORAGE
.1
Stack the stone units on a wooden support or pallet at least 75 mm off the ground.
.2
Take necessary precautions to prevent staining of surfaces of stone units during
storage.
.3
When the stone units must be stored for an extended period of time, place
polyethylene sheeting or other plastic material between the wood support and the
stone units.
.4
Cover the stone units which must be stored outside.
.5
Do not use salt to melt ice which may form on stone units.
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1.12 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
SPECIFIC ATION WRITER: The protection methods and the reasons for using them are
explained in IMQ Bulletin 11 (92-07) and in CAN/CSA-A371,Masonry
Construction for Buildings. The following paragraphs complement these
documents.
.1
Place masonry units on a dry surface and only use dry units. Unless otherwise
indicated in the specifications or if the manufacturer specifies it, never wet masonry
units.
.2
Cold weather installation:
.1
Comply with the following directions in addition to the requirements set forth in
paragraph 6.7.2 of CAN/CSA-A371.
.1
Keep mortar at a temperature between 5 and 50 degrees Celsius up
until use or the batch sets.
.2
Protect masonry units as well as completed masonry work from wind
chill twenty-four hours a day for the entire work period.
.3
Once the structure has been completed, protect it from freezing and
wind chill for at least 48 hours without interruption at an ambient
temperature above 5 degrees Celsius.
.3
Hot weather installation.
.1
Protect freshly laid masonry from drying too rapidly by means of sturdy,
windproof, waterproof and non-staining reinforced-plastic coverings.
.2
Certain stones such as Dufferin and Dufferin Plus stone require a damp
covering during hot summer weather. For this type of stone it is recommended
that the work be covered with damp cloths for a period of 3 days while the
mortar is curing so that the mortar joints will dry in a uniform manner.
.3
Provide protection before erecting walls in direct sunlight.
.4
Protection of structures - general:
.1
Wrap the masonry structure completely with sturdy sheets of plastic which
have been reinforced with glass fibre, are waterproof and do not stain.
.2
These coverings must protect the masonry work and extend sufficiently to
each side to shelter it from wind-driven rain, cold penetration and loss of heat
(maintain the required ambient temperature) until it is completed and protected
by flashings and other permanent construction.
.3
Protect masonry and adjacent work from marking and other damage. Protect
completed work from mortar droppings.
.4
Provide temporary bracing for all masonry work until permanent lateral
supports have been installed.
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PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1
MANUFACTURERS
.1
The stone units described below are manufactured by PERMACON.
.2
Any unit proposed for consideration as an equivalent shall be submitted for the
written approval of [the Architect] [the Owner], and this approval shall be subject to
the content of comparable technical documents (testing standards, performance,
manufacture, durability, finishes, colours and other parameters) and the samples
supplied by the competing manufacturers.
2.2 STONE UNITS
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Article 2.1 serves to identify the model(s), colour(s), finish(es) and
dimensions required for the project. To identify the physical features of the product, insert
table[s] [1] [2][and][3] from one or another of the data sheets into the article. For dimensions,
finishes and colours, consult the PRICE LIST AND INDEX and make the appropriate choices.
.1
[Lafitt] [Dufferin] [Dufferin Plus] [Lamina] [Urbana] [Cinco] [Lexa] stone by
PERMACON:
.1
Component materials: in compliance with the product description in the
technical data sheet - overview.
.2
Physical properties in compliance with the requirements of the ASTM C568.
Class II.
.3
Dimensions in mm (excluding joints) (width x height x length):
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Select the characteristics in accordance with the series to be used
for for the project.
(Lafitt Stone)
[.1 Stone: [90] [115] x [102] [178] [216] [292] [variable] x [178] [406][variable].
.2 Stone: 10 x 10 [15] [20] [30] [40] x 40 [60].
.4
Colour[s]: [Amboise Beige] [Margaux Beige] [Chambord Grey] [Dunlop Beige]
[Berkeley Brown] [Newport Grey] [Coventry Beige] [Sinclair Grey] [Eaton Grey]
[Bristol Red].
.5
Finish: chiselled texture reminiscent of natural stone.]
.4
.5
(Dufferin or Dufferin Plus Stones)
[.1 Stone: [90] x [90] [140] [240] x variable.
Colour[s]: [Clermont Beige] [Lennox Grey] [Orleans Grey] [Ramesay Grey]
Finish: lightly embossed texture (antique finish).]
.4
.5
(Lamina Stone)
[.1 Stone: [90] x [95] x variable.
Colour[s]: [Marella Artis Grey] [Amboise Artis Beige] [Margaux Artis Beige]
Finish: chiseled (similar to cut stone)
.4
.5
(Urbana Stone)
[.1 Stone: 90 x [108] [184] [311] x variable.
Colour[s]: [Lennox Grey] [Laurentia Grey].
Finish: slate look.]
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.4
.5
(Cinco Stone)
[.1
Stone: 90 x 196 x variable.
Colour[s]: [Amboise Beige] [Margaux Beige] [Lennox Grey] [Clermont Beige].
Finish: chiselled texture reminiscent of natural stone.]
.4
.5
(Lexa Stone)
[.1 Stone: [90] x [76] [114] [198] x variable.
Colour[s]: [Mika Black] [Cameo Beige] [Alpine Grey].
Finish: bush-hammered.]
[.6
[.7
Fire resistance: thickness and nature of the material in compliance with the
requirements of the “National Building Code”, minimum fire-resistance rating of
1.4 hours.]
Sound transmission class (STC) of the unit: 48.]
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Consult the PRICE LIST AND INDEX to obtain details on available
dimensions, finishes and colours for the accessories described below.
[.2 Stone accessories in the [Dufferin] [Dufferin Plus] [Cardiff] series:
.1
Component materials: identical to those of the stone units.
.2
Rectangular windowsill [bevelled].
.3
Facing stone [semi-circular][quarter round][tubular].
.4
Coping [flat][double slope][single slope].
.1 Surround stone.
.2 Angular stone.
.3 Window sill.
.4 Keystone [RocArt] [chiselled].
.5 Quoin sill [RocArt] [chiselled].
.6 Jamb [chiselled].
2.3 MORTAR
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Type N mortar with a lime and Portland cement base or with a
masonry cement base, is recommended. See the recommended composition and applications
in Appendix A of CAN/CSA-A179 and Bulletins 7R and 8R of the Institut de la Maçonnerie du
Québec (IMQ).
Make your choice in accordance with the degree of severity of the atmospheric conditions (rain
and snow, wind loads) to which the masonry work will be subjected since these may affect their
integrity and durability.
.1 The component materials of the mortar shall conform to articles 5.2 to 5.8 of
CAN/CSA-A179, Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: The colouring materials for the mortar must be selected before the
tender call because this choice may significantly affect the cost.
.2
Colouring: the colouring shall be composed of metallic oxide pigments.
2.4 MASONRY CONNECTORS TO THE BACK-UP WALL
SPECIFICATION WRITER: The types of connectors suggested are those which are
recommended for use by their manufacturer. These may be replaced by others as long as they
conform to the requirements which are indicated in article 1.5 - Design Criteria.
Consult the manufacturer’s representative before selecting a type of connector other than the
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one suggested.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Select the thickness of the protective galvanized finish for the steel
or simply choose another type of material (stainless steel or other) in accordance with the
atmospheric conditions to which the masonry connectors will be subjected in the applicable
environment: rural, marine or highly industrialized areas or others.
.1
All of the connectors shall be protected against corrosion and shall be made of steel
which is galvanized after fabrication or of stainless steel;
.2
Materials and level of protection against corrosion to conform to the requirements of
CAN/CSA-A370:
.1
Triangle shaped wire: in cold-drawn steel wire to ASTM A82-97 and shaped
before being hot-dip galvanized to ASTM A153 class B2, 457g/m2 [in stainless
steel, grade 304 [316]];
.2
Sections, folded bars, plates to be screwed to the back-up wall: [stainless
steel, grade 302 [316]] [hot-dip galvanized to ASTM A123, 610 g/m2];
.3
Stainless steel screws, grade 304 [316].
SPECIFICATION WRITER: for paragraph 2.3.3, indicate, if necessary, the thicknesses or
diameters of the connectors which have been calculated in accordance with the design criteria
specified in article 1.5.
.3
Connectors in two adjustable parts:
.1
[Metal stud] [Wood stud] back-up wall:
.1
Portion which is fastened to the back-up wall:
.1
Base plate reinforced with gussets and backer rods made out of
the plate itself.
.2
Dimensions: 1.5 mm minimum thickness x 50 mm wide x length
required to suit depth of cavity - air space + thermal insulation and/or as shown on drawings; pre-drilled (3 holes per connector)
to permit fastening of base plate and insertion of metal wire tie into
it.
.2
Portion which ties the masonry to the base plate:
.1
Metal wire tie: 4.76 mm minimum diameter, bent and shaped into
dovetail to permit insertion into base plate.
.3
Product: BL-407 by Blok-Lok or approved equivalent.
.2
Concrete block back-up wall with its horizontal joints aligned with those of the
stone unit cladding:
.1
Portion which is fastened to the back-up wall:
.1
Base plate, 1.5 mm thickness x 63.5 mm wide x length required to
suit thickness of insulation and air space. Plate built into the mortar
joints of the masonry back-up wall.
.2 Portion which ties the masonry to the base plate:
.1
Metal wire tie: 4.76 mm minimum diameter, bent and shaped into
dovetail to permit insertion into base plate.
.3
Product: BL-507 by Blok-Lok or approved equivalent.
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.3
Alternate product: BL-363 and BL-362-CX by Blok-Lok, in accordance with
configuration of back-up wall, with insulation:
.1
Steel channel with long slot fastened to back-up wall, able to receive
flexible anchors fastened to a metal wire bent and shaped to tie masonry
to anchor. Rigid angles with pointed ends are fastened between the
channel and the back-up wall to ensure the uniform depth of the wall
cavity.
.4
See the appended Table 1 for the type of fastener required for each
connector.
2.5 ACCESSORIES
SPECIFICATION WRITER: There are several types of weatherproofing accessories (or
masonry flashing) on the market. PERMACON recommends the use of an SBS elastomeric
bitumen membrane manufactured by Bakor or Soprema. These have the advantage of being
compatible with the air barriers that have to overlap the flashing when the air and water sealing
system is installed.
.1
Through-wall masonry flashing:
.1
Flexible flashing:
.1
Materials: self-adhered membrane of SBS rubberized asphalt compound
integrally laminated to a yellow crossed-laminated polyethylene film
compatible with air barriers of the same composition.
.2
Dimensions: 1.0 mm thickness x 300 mm or 450 mm strip to ensure the
quality of work specified in Part 3.
.3
Product: BlueSkin TWF membrane by Bakor or approved equivalent.
.2
Rigid support under the flexible flashing: flashing in galvanized steel, 0.607
mm thickness, with drip edge.
SPECIFICATION WRITER: There are other methods besides the one described in paragraph
2.5.2 to fill a movement joint with or without sealant. Only one of these has been included as an
example.
.2
Sealing products for movement joints:
.1
Silicone-based [polyurethane-based] sealing compound [polyurethane], with
one or two components, compatible with the specified stone units, that does
not stain, is capable of sustaining the anticipated movements without tearing
or delaminating, that neither hardens or runs under the effect of potential
winter and summer temperatures at the location of the project, that is resistant
to ultraviolet radiation, does not discolour and has a warranty of at least five
(5) years against any of the failures mentioned above; of the type
manufactured by recognized manufacturers such as Tremco, Sika, Dow
Corning or an equivalent approved by the Architect.
.2
Backer for movement joints: closed cell polyethylene backer rod to provide
support for the joint sealer which is used to seal the movement joint; the
backer rod shall be 50% oversized with respect to the width of the joint.
.3
Temporary shims to support large-size stone units with a surface area exceeding
0.180 m² (2 sq. ft.).
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SPECIFICATION WRITER: It is becoming common practice in tall buildings to
compartmentalize the air spaces between the masonry veneer and the air barrier to reduce the
stack effect and convection movements of the air in the space and to reduce wind pressure on
the back-up wall made of concrete blocks or metal studs or other materials. See the CMHC Best
Practice Guide Building Technology publication entitled Brick Veneer/Steel Stud Wall System.
.4
Compartmentalizing material: [galvanized steel sheet metal] [stainless steel, 0.5 mm
(25 gauge) thickness] [closed cell neoprene backer rod, 50% oversized] [plywood
which has been pressure treated with copper arsenate].
.5
Sealing tape: tape such as X-Seal by Blok-Lok or approved equivalent to provide
seal where the connectors penetrate the insulation.
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PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1
3.2
3.3
EXECUTION - GENERAL
.1
Unless indicated otherwise, complete the masonry work in compliance with
CAN/CSA-A371.
.2
Ensure that masonry work is plumb, level and true to line, with vertical joints in
alignment or to suit prescribed bond pattern.
.3
Take measures to prevent mortar from falling into the wall cavity and have them
approved by the Architect.
.4
Layout coursing and bond to achieve correct coursing heights and continuity of bond
above and below openings, with minimum of cutting.
.5
Junction points:
.1
Stop the work before any part of the installed masonry collapses under its own
weight.
.2
When work must be interrupted in the middle of a row or at the corner of a
building:
.1
Leave stepped courses beginning from a completed course;
.2
Never execute the junction between new masonry and existing
masonry in a toothed pattern.
INSTALLATION TOLERANCES (JOINTS AND WALLS)
.1
Variance in the thickness of vertical and horizontal joints: 3 mm.
.2
Installation tolerances:
.1
Comply with requirements in article 6.2 (Installation Tolerances) and Appendix
C of CAN/CSA-A371.
THROUGH-WALL FLASHING
.1
Rigid supports for flexible flashing:
.1
Install rigid steel plates to support the flexible flashing that covers the exterior
veneer.
.2
Forming the flexible flashing:
.1
Width of the seamless strip equal to the depth of the veneer and the air cavity
and the rise of at least 150 mm [300 mm] vertically.
.2
Length: as long as possible.
.3
Installation of the flexible flashing:
.1
Location: on foundation walls, slabs, steel lintels, under supports for openings
made in the exterior envelope (doors, windows, ventilating louvers); under
architectural concrete wall and parapet copings; on wood and steel furring
placed above openings and in other locations where the water-tightness of the
cavity must be ensured;
.2
Prepare the surfaces intended for the application of wall flashing.
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Page 12 of 16
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
.3
.4
3.4
General:
.1
Install the flashing so that it spans across the exterior wall to the external
face of the veneer but is still protected from ultraviolet radiation
(recessed by at least 6 mm from the exterior face of the veneer mortar
joint and any other type of veneer); raise the interior part by at least 150
mm [300 mm], depending on the type of back-up wall.
.2
Extend the air-barrier sheet membrane by at least 50 mm over the top of
the vertical part of the wall flashing.
.3
Overlap the tape seams by a minimum width of 100 mm and seal them
with a product recommended by the manufacturer.
Installation method depending on the type of back-up wall:
.1
Gypsum board sheathing: glue the flashing to the sheathing in a
continuous manner with a product recommended by the manufacturer.
.2
Masonry: built the flashing into the joint to a depth of 25 mm.
.3
Concrete: insert the flashing into a reglet and hold it in place with an
aluminum bar screwed into the concrete.
.4
Wood sheathing: glue the flashing to the sheathing in a continuous
manner with a product recommended by the manufacturer.
INSTALLATION
.1
Mixing of the mortar:
.1
Use a mechanical mixer that is clean and free from dry mortar, traces of rust
and other contaminants.
.2
Follow CAN/CSA-A179 and the instructions of the supplier of premixed
materials to determine the quantities of water required and the procedure to
follow for making the mortar. The more demanding of the two shall apply.
.3
Total mixing time: not less than 3 minutes and no more than 5 minutes; for
mortar being coloured on the worksite, mixing will last between 8 and 10
minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the colorants.
.4
Time frame for installing mortar and grout mixture:
.1
Discard any mortar that has not been used within 1½ hours if the
temperature is above 25 degrees Celsius and within 2½ hours if it is
below that temperature.
.2
Retempering: during the time frames indicated above, you can retemper
mortar that has stiffened up through evaporation with as much water as
necessary in order to re-establish its workability.
.2 Maximum spacing and arrangement of connectors:
SPECIFICATION WRITER: Article 3.4 indicates the general spacing required for the
installation of connectors to a metal or wood framework or to concrete or concrete block, using a
maximum spacing of 600 mm horizontally and vertically and, where required, calculating the
spacing in accordance with the design criteria specified in article 1.5.
.1
The maximum distance of connectors from each other shall be 600 mm
vertically and 800 mm horizontally in compliance with the requirements of
CAN/CSA-A370. PERMACON recommends that the spacing of the connectors
conform to the layout shown in the appended Figures 1 and 2.
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Page 13 of 16
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.3
Staggered arrangement permitted for attaching connectors to a metal frame:
.1
If the horizontal spacing of the studs does not exceed 400 mm and
the resulting horizontal spread between connectors does not
exceed 800 mm.
.2
If you attach a connector to the upper end of each stud, in line with
the highest horizontal row of connectors.
Spacing around wall openings: space the connectors no more than 600 mm
apart and install them no further than 150 mm from the edge of an opening.
Spacing at the top of walls: the distance between the top of a wall or the top of
the wythe attached to a hollow wall and the first row of connectors below it
shall not exceed 300 mm.
Spacing at the bottom of walls: the distance between the support and the first
row of connectors above the support shall not exceed 300 mm.
The spacing of the connectors is often reduced where a random pattern is
being used. In order to provide sufficient flexibility, plan to install up to 50%
more connectors given that a random pattern is being used and that some
connectors will not coincide with the stone joints. To assist in the planning of
the layout of the connectors, two sketches showing the layout of the
connectors for two different models have been appended to these
specifications (see Figures 1 and 2).
Typical fastening method for each connector (See appendices, Table 1):
.1
Wood stud back-up wall: 2 #9 or #10 screws with round heads,
conforming to ASME B18.6.1. Minimum penetration into the stud: 38
mm.
.2
Metal stud back-up wall: 2 #12-14 self-drilling screws, HWH type, with
Climaseal finish, of suitable length.
.3
Concrete-block back-up wall: 1 HLC-H anchor by Hilti, centred,
10 mm x 48 mm. Minimum penetration into the concrete: 32 mm.
.4
Concrete back-up wall: 1 KWIK HUS (KH) anchor by Hilti, 10 mm x 54
mm. Minimum penetration into the concrete: 41 mm.
Joining and pointing according to the profile(s) selected by the Architect:
.1
Concave joints: let mortar set just enough to eliminate excess water, then tool
with a round-edged jointer to provide smooth, compressed, uniformly concave
joints.
.2
Raked joints: let mortar set just enough to eliminate excess water, then rake
joints uniformly with square-edged jointer and compress to provide smooth
joints with a uniform depth of ¼" (6 mm).
.3
Flush joints (flat joints): let mortar set just enough to eliminate excess water,
and then cut joints with the appropriate tool. Compress uniformly the mortar
without creating depressions to ensure a smooth finish between the stone and
the mortar.
.4
Joint thickness: [10] [13] [19] mm.
.5
Wall and parapet cap joints, window and door sills and all of the projections in
the covering shown in the drawings: unless otherwise indicated, complete the
filling of the joints exposed to weather and whose slope varies from 1:100 to
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Page 14 of 16
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
.6
1:4 with a sealing compound to the maximum depth permitted by the sealant
manufacturer.
Execution tolerance: the angles and meanderings of all the mortar joints,
whether vertical or horizontal, that depart from their theoretical vertical or
horizontal axis, shall not have a deviation greater than 6 mm over a length of 3
metres. These deviations are not cumulative.
.4
Weep holes:
.1
Keep vertical joints, which shall be spaced no more than 800 mm apart, free of
all mortar over a height of 50 mm.
.2
Form weepholes at bearing points of stone units including shelf angles, lintels
and foundation walls.
.5
Cutting, drilling:
.1
Cut out and drill at locations where it is necessary to install electrical switches,
outlet boxes and other recessed or built-in objects.
.2
Make cuts straight, clean and free from uneven edges.
.3
No chipped, cracked and otherwise damaged unit will be accepted.
.6
Building-in:
.1
Build in items required to be built into masonry work.
.2
Prevent displacement of built-in items during construction. Check solidity,
alignment and location of these items frequently as work progresses.
.3
Brace door jambs to maintain plumb. Fill spaces between jambs and masonry
with mortar.
.7
Movement joints:
.1
Co-ordinates with the Structural Engineer the necessary spacing for frame
movement, between the frame and the different parts of the building that could
be affected by this movement under dynamic or static loads.
.2
Horizontal joints for vertical movement:
.1
Between the masonry and any element of the frame (beam and joists,
decking) that could sag under static and dynamic loads or where creep
has occurred in the concrete, leave a space of at least 40 mm.
.2
If necessary, between the top of the masonry and the underside of
structural channels or angles that support the masonry located above,
leave a space of at least 20 mm.
.3 Vertical movement joints in masonry work:
.1
Unless indicated otherwise on the drawings, install create vertical joints
which respect the following maximum spacing:
.1
Stone masonry units: 8 metres o.c.
.2
For all the parapets: 6 metres o.c.
.2
Location: at changes in plane forming a re-entrant corner unless the
Architect approves an exception.
.4
Waterproof and flexible joint filling with the help of sealants specified in
Part 2.
.8
Loose steel lintels (non-structural):
.1
Size the lintels in accordance with the requirements of the “National Building
Code” (Table 9.20.5.2, Part 9) and provide the information required in Section
05 50 00, Metal Fabrications, for their fabrication and supply.
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Page 15 of 16
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
.2
Install the loose lintels above openings; centre them in relation to the width of
the openings and support their ends on the masonry over a distance of 200
mm.
3.5 CLEANING
SPECIFICATION WRITER: The cleaning methods and the reasons for performing this work are
explained in IMQ Bulletin 20 (97-09). The following articles serve as a complement to these
requirements.
.1
Perform masonry cleaning work in accordance with recommendations and
requirements of IMQ Bulletin 20.
.2
Once the mortar is dry, rinse, wash and brush the wall to eliminate primary traces of
efflorescence, of mortar, od other debris or surface dirt which may affect the
aesthetic appearance of the masonry and remove excess mortar. For this purpose,
use a fibre brush and water. If necessary, use a product recommended by the
manufacturer.


.3
Vana Trol® or 600 Detergent from Prosoco Inc.
202V Vana-Stop by Diedrich Technologies Inc.
Never perform cleaning of a wall with metal brush or muriatic acid. Never clean a
wall with high pressure jets, of any nature whatsoever.
END OF SECTION
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Page 16 of 16
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
VENEER ANCHORS
BL-407
CONNECTORS : MASONRY TO MASONRY
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
BL-507
Appendices Page 1
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
GRIPSAY ANCHORS (BL-363) & CHANNELS (BL-362)
GRIPSTAY ANCHORS & CHANNELS
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
BL-362-CX
Appendices Page 2
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
Figure 1.
LAYOUT PATTERN FOR CONNECTORS
Studs spaced at 400 mm o.c.
Standard connectors О
installed in a staggered pattern
Every 400 mm vertically, place one connector every 800 mm maximum horizontally
Provide 1 connector for each surface area measuring
400 mm x 800 mm (16 in. x 32 in.)
Additional connectors (when required)
to permit greater flexibility in the installation because of the random bond pattern of the
stones
The exact position may vary according to the choice of stones and bond pattern
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Appendices Page 3
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
Figure 2.
LAYOUT PATTERN FOR CONNECTORS
Studs spaced at 600 mm o.c.
Standard connectors О
installed at maximum 600 mm o.c. both vertically and horizontally
Provide 1 connector for each surface area measuring
600 mm x 600 mm (24 in. x 24 in.)
Additional connectors (when required)
to permit greater flexibility in the installation
because of the random bond pattern of the stones
The exact position may vary according to the choice of stones and bond pattern
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Appendices Page 4
RANDOM ASHLAR BOND
STONE MASONRY UNITS
Table 1
Type of fastener required
for each connector
Type of
back-up wall
BL-407
Wood
2 round head wood screws, #9 or #10
stud
conforming to ASME B18.6.1
2 screws per connector (*1)
2 self-drilling screws, #12-14
HWH type, Teks 2 point
2 screws per connector
Metal
stud
Concrete
block
Concrete
HLC-H anchor, 10 x 48 mm,
by Hilti
1 anchor per connector, centred (*2)
KWIK HUS (KH) anchor, 10 x 54 mm
by Hilti
1 fastener per connector, centred
(*3)
Type of connector
BL-507
Not applicable
Not applicable
No fasteners
The connector is built
into the mortar
Not applicable
BL-362-CX + BL-363
2 round head wood screws, #9 or #10
conforming to ASME B18.6.1
1 screw per available hole (*1)
2 self-drilling screws, #12-14
HWH type, Teks 2 point
1 screw per available hole
HLC-H anchor, 10 x 48 mm
by Hilti
1 fastener per available hole (*2)
KWIK HUS (KH) anchor, 10 x 54 mm
by Hilti
1 fastener per available hole (*3)
*1 Minimum penetration into the stud: 38 mm
*2 Minimum penetration into the concrete: 32 mm
*3 Minimum penetration into the concrete: 41 mm
Stone masonry units
Model Specifications (June 2013)
Appendices Page 5