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Geology Unit Review
EARTH SCIENCE
1. What is Earth Science?
2. Name and Explain the 5 branches of Earth Science.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
3. Name the seven steps of the scientific method
4. Answer the following questions about Krust Krabs Breath Mints
Mr. Krabs created a secret ingredient for a breath mint that he thinks will “cure” the
bad breath people get from eating crabby patties at the Krusty Krab. He asked 100
customers with a history of bad breath to try his new breath mint. He had fifty
customers (Group A) eat a breath mint after they finished eating a crabby patty. The
other fifty (GroupB) also received a breath mint after they finished the sandwich,
however, it was just a regular breath mint that did not have the secret ingredient.
Both groups were told that they were getting the breath mint that would cure their
bad breath. Two hours after eating the crabby patties, thirty customers in Group A
and ten customers in Group B reported have better breath than they normally had
after eating crabby patties.
Which people are the control group?
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?
What should Mr. Krabs’ conclusion be?
Why do you think 10 people in group B reported fresher breath?
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS
5. What do topographic maps show us?
MINERALS
6. What are the 5 basic questions scientists use about a substance to determine
whether it is a mineral or not?
7. Property that shows how light reflects from the surface of a mineral.
8. Describes how a mineral splits along smooth surfaces.
9. Describes the color of a powder mark left by a mineral on a porcelain tile.
10. The ability to absorb ultraviolet rays and emit visible light.
11. Describes how a mineral breaks along a random/rough surface.
12. What is mass divided by volume.
13. What is the density of a rock sample that has a mass of 25 grams and a volume of
5 cm3?
What is the density of a rock sample that has a mass of 10 grams and a volume of 20
cm3?
14. A geologist is trying to identify a mineral sample that has a hardness between 6
and 6.5. It is reddish brown in color and has a metallic luster. The streak of this
mineral is light brown. What is this mineral?
MINING
15. What is smelting?
16. What are the differences between surface, open-pit, and underground mining?
17. What Iron Range is the Croft Mine Located at?
ROCKS
18. Draw a diagram on the right using the words or phrases on the left.
-Igneous Rocks
-Sedimentary Rocks
-Metamorphic Rocks
-Molten Material
-Melting
-Volcanic Activity
-Heat and Pressure
-Erosion
-Compaction and Cementation
19. When studying rock samples, what do geologists observe to determine its
mineral composition?
20. What are the three different types of sedimentary rocks?
How is each formed?
What are some examples of each type?
21. What are the parent rocks of metamorphic rocks listed below?
MarbleGneissSlateQuartzite-
22. How is a metamorphic rock formed?
How is an igneous rock formed?
PLATE TECTONICS
23. Draw a diagram on the right using the following terms on the left.
-Inner Core
-Crust
-Outer Core
-Mantle
24. Name and describe the three different fault boundaries and the stresses that go
with each.