SI worksheet 13
Which of the following statements about nutrition and digestion is true?
a. “feeding” and “digestion” are synonyms
b. chemical digestion typically precedes mechanical digestion in mammals
c. During absorption, small molecules such as amino acids and simple sugars
are absorbed
d. Elimination rids the body of excessive nutrients
e. Small sugars are joined by enzymatic hydrolysis to form large carbohydrates
In vertebrates, food is moved along the length of the digestive system by _____.
a. Active transport across cell membranes
b. Peristalsis
c. Diffusion and osmosis
d. Sequential contraction of bands of skeletal muscles
e. Sphincter contraction
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the _____ with the action of _____.
a. Mouth…salivary amylase
b. Stomach…HCl
c. Small intestine…Lipase
d. Small intestine…pancreatic amylase
e. Stomach…salivary amylase
How is the stomach lining protected from the strongly acidic pH of its contents?
a. It release a hormone called gastrin, which stops gastric juice secretion
b. Mucous cells secrete a protective lubricant into the stomach
c. Bile neutralizes the acid before it enters the stomach
d. Parietal cells secrete a protective buffer to neutralize HCl
e. The acid is neutralized quickly when it combines with pepsinogen to make
pepsin
Which of the following processes, structures, or conditions are properly matched?
a. Peristalsis...Heartburn
b. Mucous cells…ulcers
c. Parietal cells…diarrhea
d. Chief cells…diarrhea
e. Acid chyme backflow…heartburn
In humans, most nutrient molecules are absorbed by the _____.
a. Stomach
b. Liver
c. Esophagus
d. Pancreas
e. Small intestine
What is the difference between a gastrovascular cavity and an alimentary canal?
Briefly describe the four different feeding mechanisms we went over in class:
What is the enzyme in saliva and what molecules does it break down?
What is a “bolus?”
What are the two components of gastric juice?
True or false? The parietal cells secrete pure HCl into the stomach
What is the role of pepsin in digestion? Where is it produced?
How often is your stomach lining replaced?
What is the cause of gastric ulcers?
How is the acidity of the contents of the stomach neutralized in the small intestine
What is responsible for the breakdown of fats and other lipids in the small intestine?
What is the “brush border?”