5.7.15
T Bentz out of class 5.8 & 5.11
Abolitionism-designed to end the problem of slavery
Abolitionists-in favor of Abolition
How do you fight against slavery, as an abolitionist?
William Lloyd Garrison-a white abolitionist
He wrote
“The Liberator”
He was pushy
An Extreme abolitionist-he demanded immediate abolition
Active in the Massachusetts religious reform movement
He establishes the New England Anti Slavery Solciety in 1832
Helped establish he American Anti Slavery Society in 1833
All his writing gets him into trouble, even in Mass., which about is the most anti slavery
state at the time
He gets dragged around town, at the end of a rope by an angry mob
David Walker
His pamphlet was called “Appeal…….. to the Colored People”
He’s a free black from North Carolina
He moves to New England-he could not expect to live in North Carolina, writing as he
writes
He says-“Don’t wait for your freedom, rise up and take it”
Are Garrison and Walker qualified to write about slavery?
They were never slavesA third abolitionist
Frederick Douglass
Different because he was actually a slave
He was born into slavery
He wrote about a hook in the ceiling, to tie the slave to, to whip the slave-it’s a regular
occurrence
Partially taught to read by his owner’s wife, then later self taught-she got in trouble –he
because it was against the law to teach slaves to read-he traded doing chores for the
whites on the plantation, for books to read
they were supposed to get all their information from the master
He earned a good salary as a skilled slave, but owner took salary every week-he decided
“borrowed” a free black’s identity and simply traveled north with official papers
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Luckily, he was in Maryland, near Pennsylvania
He’s a naturally gifted speaker
He’s not impressed with William Lloyd Garrison
He hoped for nonviolent end to slavery, broke with Garrison, and began the “North Star”
Leading up to the Civil War-the 1850s (Antebellum)
Economics
Politics
Industrialization
Democratization
the process of
Process of becoming
industrializing
democratic-remember
Remember the government Andrew Jackson-he was
policy, leading to
campaigning to the
Industrialization-The
“common man”
American System
He instituted the Spoils
3 parts:
System
Tariff
“Universal White Male
National Bank
Suffrage”-everyone can
Internal Improvements
vote, as long as you’re a
(Transportation revolution) white male
Canals, Erie Canal
Steamboat, Trains
Moving into the 1850s
Moving into the 1850s
Compromise of 1850
-California is free
In the Constitution, when a
slave runs away, he must
be returned-the South
demands a stronger law
-Fugitive Slave Act
If you harbored an escaped
slave you could be jailedthis angers the North A
LOT
-Other countries visit, and
DC abolishes slave trade
- We get Popular
Sovereignty-when a
territory is ready to become
a state, the people who live
there vote for slave
(applies to Utah and NM
territories)
Society & Culture
Reform
Looking at religion-ending
predestination
Care of the mentally illstarting asylums
Moving into the 1850s
Enter Harriet Beecher
Stowe
The daughter of a preacher,
and she marries a preacher
She goes to Kentucky,
returns, and writes a bookTwo things change the way
Northerners looked at
slavery:
1. Fugitive Slave Act-they
may get fine or imprisoned
2. Harriet wrote Uncle
Tom’s Cabin
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Problems of Social Balance in the 1850s.
Missouri Compromise 1820
Look at the following map
In 1820, we did not have Oregon, Utah, California, NM, and Texas, all we had was the
Louisiana Purchase (unorganized territory Minnesota, Iowa, Ark Mo)
Missouri wanted to enter the Union, throwing off the slavery balance, so Maine enters to
balance the issue (keep the balance between North and South in the Senate-no majority)
This way, no bill can get to the President to become a law-the South does not want an
anti slavery law
36 30’ rule-if you are a territory south of that line in the Lousiana Terrritory, you
become slave, and if north, free-it looks like the North is going to win, due to more
territory
Compromise of 1850
This begins with California creating difficulties1850, California decides it wants to be a free state-it has enough people, we got it from
the treaty with Mexico in 1848
-people flood into California due to the Gold Rush
There is no other state to balance.-the government goes crazy
California is outside the Louisiana Purchase, so the 36 30 rule does not apply
It creates a mess, and California does not want to back down
Compromise of 1850
California is free
In the Constitution, when a slave runs away, he must be returned-the South demands a
stronger law-Fugitive Slave Act
If you harbored an escaped slave you could be jailed-this angers the North A LOT
Washington DC is a southern city-a lot of other countries, (France, GB), have abolished
slavery
Other countries visit, and DC abolishes slave trade
Texas wants to take Utah, and NM-Texas is already a slave state, California is freeremember the 36 30 rule does not apply
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We get Popular Sovereignty-when a territory is ready to become a state, the people who
live there vote for slave (applies to Utah and NM territories)
WE NOW HAVE TWO LAWS GOING, POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY, AND 36 30
RULE-this helps the South-even though the map looks like there’s a possibility to favor
the North
Enter Harriet Beecher Stowe
The daughter of a preacher, and she marries a preacher
She goes to Kentucky, returns, and writes a bookTwo things change the way Northerners looked at slavery:
1. Fugitive Slave Act-they may get fine or imprisoned
2. Harriet wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Kansas Nebraska Act 1854
Over these years, the South goes from a place where it looks like they’re going to lose,
and then they get real pushy
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