Name:_____________________________
“Gas Laws”
Period # _____
Boyle's Law
Boyle s Law states that volume of a given amount of gas held at a constant
temperature varies inversely with the pressure. The relationship between
pressure and volume of Boyle s Law is expressed in mathematical terms as:
P1V1= P2V2
(P= pressure & V= volume)
1) A container holds 500. mL of CO2 at 20.° C and 742 torr. What will
be the volume of the CO2 if the pressure is increased to 795 torr?
Answer_________________
2) A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C3H8, at 830. mm Hg. What is
the volume of the propane at standard pressure?
Answer_________________
3) A balloon contains 7.2 L of He. The pressure is reduced to 2.00 atm
and the balloon expands to occupy a volume of 25.1 L. What was the
initial pressure exerted on the balloon?
Answer_________________
4) A sample of neon occupies a volume of 461 mL at STP. What will be
the volume of the neon when the pressure is reduced to 93.3 kPa?
Answer_________________
5) 352 mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680. mm Hg are placed in a
container under a pressure of 1210 mm Hg. The temperature remains
constant at
296 K. What is the volume of the container in liters?
Answer_________________
Charles' Law
Charles' Law states that the volume of a given mass of a gas is directly
proportional to its Kevin temperature at constant pressure. In mathematical
terms, the relationship between temperature and volume is expressed as:
V1/T1=V2/T2
(V= volume & T=temperature)
*** Use K = °C + 273 to convert Celsius to Kelvin
1) A container holds 50.0 mL of nitrogen at 25° C and a pressure of
736 mm Hg. What will be its volume if the temperature increases by
35° C?
Answer_________________
2) A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of 160 dm3 at 91° C. What
will be volume of oxygen when the temperature drops to 0.00° C?
Answer_________________
3) A sample of hydrogen has an initial temperature of 50.° C. When
the temperature is lowered to -5.0° C, the volume of hydrogen
becomes 212 cm3. What was the initial volume of the hydrogen in
dm3?
Answer_________________
4) 568 cm3 of chlorine at 25° C will occupy what volume at -25° C
while the pressure remains constant?
Answer_________________
5) A sample of helium has a volume of 521 dm3 at a pressure of 75 cm
Hg and
a temperature of 18° C. When the temperature is increased to
23° C, what is the volume of the helium?
Answer_________________
Boyle's Law
amount of gas held at a constant
temperature varies inversely with the pressure. The relationship between
:
P1V1= P2V2
(P= pressure & V= volume)
Charles' Law
Charles' Law states that the volume of a given mass of a gas is directly
proportional to its Kevin temperature at constant pressure. In mathematical
terms, the relationship between temperature and volume is expressed as:
V1/T1=V2/T2
(V= volume & T=temperature)
kelvins: A temperature scale in which the degrees are the same size as
degrees Celsius but where "0" is defined as "absolute zero", the temperature at
which molecules are at their lowest energy. To convert from degrees Celsius to
Kelvins, add 273. By the way, we don't say "degrees Kelvin", we just say
"Kelvins".
pressure: A measure of the amount of force that a gas exerts on whatever
container you've put it into. Units of pressure include:
- Atmospheres (1 atm is the average atmospheric pressure at sea level)
- Torr (which are equal to 1/760 of an atmosphere)
- Millimeters of mercury (1 mm Hg is the same as 1 Torr, or 1/760 atm)
- Kilopascals (there are 101.325 kPa in 1 atm).
Standard temp. and press. : A set of conditions defined as 273 K and 1 atm.
Temperature: A measure of how much energy the particles in a gas
have. Units of temperature that you'll run into include degrees Celsius and
Kelvins (which is equal to 273 plus the degrees Celsius).
Volume: The amount of space that some object occupies. The unit of volume
can be: -cubic centimeters (abbreviated "cc" or "cm3")
-milliliters (abbreviated "mL" - 1 mL is the same as 1 cubic centimeter)
-liters (abbreviated as "L" and equal to 1000 mL)
-cubic meters (abbreviated "m3" - there are one million cubic
centimeters in a cubic meter).