Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Proposal with respect to test fuel specifications in environmental and propulsion unit
performance requirements of L-category vehicles.
Reference documents:
1. Draft GTRs:
EPPR-08-05 (draft GTR 2 Rev. 1, test types I, II and VII);
EPPR-10-14 (draft GTR test types III and IV);
EPPR-08-11 (draft GTR test type V);
EPPR-10-10 (draft GTR functional on-board diagnostics and test type VIII);
EPPR-08-17 (draft GTR on propulsion unit performance requirements (PuPR))
2. Draft UN Regulations:
EPPR-08-06 (draft UN Regulation, test type I, II and VII);
EPPR-08-09 (draft UN Regulation on test types III and IV);
EPPR-08-12 (draft UN Regulation test type V);
EPPR-08-15 (draft UN Regulation on-board diagnostics);
EPPR-08-18 (draft UN Regulation on propulsion unit performance requirements (PuPR)))
Proposed amendments:
Test
type
Draft GTR /
Draft UN
Regulation
I, II, VII GTR No 2
Rev 1
EPPR-08-05
Point on reference / test fuel
Annex
B.2, point 3.3. No amendment.
I, II, VII UN Reg
EPPR-08-06
B.2, point 3.3. No amendment.
Amend Annex B.5.2 (NB
E0 specs to be re-inserted
in B.5.2., E5 already
proposed, E10 currently
not under discussion only
for test type IV). Other
reference fuels (E85, B5
and gaseous fuels) to be
carried over into Annex
B.5.2 in 1st amendment to
GTR No 2 Rev.1)
Amend Annex B.5.2 (NB
E0 specs to be re-inserted
in B.5.2., E5 already
proposed, E10 currently
not under discussion only
for test type IV). Other
reference fuels (E85, B5
and gaseous fuels) to be
1
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
III, IV
GTR
EPPR-10-14
B.3, point 2.5. Amend to read:
“The appropriate test fuel
specified in GTR No 2 and in
Annex XX B.3.8 to this GTR,
shall be used.”
III, IV
UN Reg
EPPR-08-09
Delete:
 Point 2.1.2 of B.3.1;
 Point 2.3 of B3.3.3.
V
GTR
EPPR-08-11
V
UN Reg
EPPR-08-12
OBD,
VIII
GTR
EPPR-10-10
B.3, insert new point 2.5:
“The appropriate test fuel
specified in GTR No 2 and in
Annex XX B.3.8 to this GTR,
shall be used.”
B.1, supplement new point 9:
“Distance in the type V test may
be accumulated with local market
fuel proposed by the manufacturer
to the satisfaction of the approval /
certification authority. The
appropriate test fuel specified in
GTR No 2 and in Annex B.3.6 to
this GTR, shall be used for type I
verification testing.”
B.1, supplement new point 9:
“Distance in the type V test may
be accumulated with local market
fuel proposed by the manufacturer
to the satisfaction of the approval /
certification authority. The
appropriate test fuel specified in
GTR No 2 and in Annex B.3.6 to
this GTR, shall be used for type I
verification testing.”
B.3, point 5.3. Amend to read:
“Test fuel
The appropriate reference fuel
described specified in [Annex
B.6.2 of Revision 1 of GTR No 2]
and in Annex B.3.6 to this GTR,
shall be used for testing.
2
carried over into Annex
B.5.2 in 1st amendment to
UN Reg)
New Annex B.3.8 (NB E5,
E10 specs to be inserted).
Other reference fuels (E85,
B5 and gaseous fuels) to be
carried over into 1st
amendment to GTR.)
New Annex B.3.8 (NB E5,
E10 specs to be inserted).
Other reference fuels (E85,
B5 and gaseous fuels) to be
carried over into 1st
amendment to GTR.)
New Annex B.3.6., insert
for Type I verification
testing E5 reference fuel
specs (NB E10 currently
not under discussion).
Other reference fuels
(E85, B5 and gaseous
fuels) to be carried over
into 1st amendment to
GTR.
New Annex B.3.6., insert
for Type I verification
testing E5 reference fuel
specs (NB E10 currently
not under discussion).
Other reference fuels
(E85, B5 and gaseous
fuels) to be carried over
into 1st amendment to
GTR.
New Annex B.5., insert E5
reference fuel specs (NB
E10 currently not under
discussion). Other
reference fuels (E85, B5
and gaseous fuels) to be
carried over into Annex
B.5. with 1st amendment of
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
OBD,
VIII
PuPR
UN Reg
EPPR-08-15
GTR
Text to be transferred into 1st
amendment of GTR: “For monofuelled and bi-fuelled gas vehicles,
the fuel type for each failure mode
to be tested may be selected by the
[approval] authority from the
reference fuels described specified
in [Annex B.6.2 of Revision 1 of
GTR No 2] and in Annex . The
selected fuel type shall not be
changed during any of the test
phases. Where LPG or
NG/biomethane for alternative
fuel vehicles are used as a fuel, the
engine may be started on petrol
and switched to LPG or
NG/biomethane (automatically
and not by the driver) after a predetermined period of time.”
B.3, point 5.3. Amend to read:
“Test fuel
The appropriate reference fuel
described specified in [Annex
B.6.2 of Revision 1 of GTR No 2]
and in Annex B.3.6 to this GTR,
shall be used for testing.
GTR.
New Annex B.5., insert E5
reference fuel specs (NB
E10 currently not under
discussion). Other
reference fuels (E85, B5
and gaseous fuels) to be
carried over into Annex
B.5. with 1st amendment of
GTR.
Text to be transferred into 1st
amendment of GTR: “For monofuelled and bi-fuelled gas vehicles,
the fuel type for each failure mode
to be tested may be selected by the
[approval] authority from the
reference fuels described specified
in [Annex B.6.2 of Revision 1 of
GTR No 2] and in Annex . The
selected fuel type shall not be
changed during any of the test
phases. Where LPG or
NG/biomethane for alternative
fuel vehicles are used as a fuel, the
engine may be started on petrol
and switched to LPG or
NG/biomethane (automatically
and not by the driver) after a predetermined period of time.”
Delete:
-
3
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
EPPR-08-17
PuPR
UN Reg
EPPR-08-18
 point 2.3.13. in B.2.2.1;
 point 2.3.15 in B.2.2.2;
Insert new point 5.3 in B.1:
“The appropriate test fuel
specified in GTR No 2 shall be
used.”
Delete:
 point 2.3.13. in B.2.2.1;
 point 2.3.15 in B.2.2.2;
-
Insert new point 5.3 in B.1:
“The appropriate test fuel
specified in GTR No 2 shall be
used.”
Table 1: Proposed amendments with regard to test fuel specifications
4
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Petrol (E0)
Parameter
Cetane number (2)
Density at 15°C
Distillation:
- 50 per cent point
- 95 per cent
- final boiling point
Flash point
CFPP
Viscosity at 40 °C
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Sulphur content (4)
Copper corrosion
Conradson carbon residue (10 per
cent DR)
Ash content
Water content
Neutralisation (strong acid) number
Oxidation stability (5)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Unit
kg/m³
°C
°C
°C
°C
°C
mm²/s
per cent m/m
mg/kg
per cent m/m
per cent m/m
per cent m/m
mg KOH/g
mg/ml
Limits (1)
Minimum Maximum
52.0
54.0
833
837
Test method
Publication
EN-ISO 5165
EN-ISO 3675
1998 (3)
1995
245
345
55
2.5
3
-
350
370
-5
3.5
6.0
300
1
0.2
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
EN 22719
EN 116
EN-ISO 3104
IP 391
pr. EN-ISO/DIS 14596
EN-ISO 2160
EN-ISO 10370
1988
1988
1988
1993
1981
1996
1995
1998(3)
1995
1995
-
0.01
0.05
0.02
0.025
EN-ISO 6245
EN-ISO 12937
ASTM D 974-95
EN-ISO 12205
1995
1998 (3)
1998 (3)
1996
The values quoted in the specification are "true values". In establishment of their limit values the terms
of ISO 4259 "Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to
methods of test" have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above
zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is
4R (R = reproducibility).
Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for statistical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels should
nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the
case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify the question as to
whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 should be applied.
The range for the cetane number is not in accordance with the requirement of a minimum range of 4R.
However, in the case of a dispute between fuel supplier and fuel user, the terms in ISO 4259 may be used
to resolve such disputes provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to archive the necessary
precision, are made in preference to single determinations.
The month of publication will be completed in due course.
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type I test shall be reported. In addition the reference
fuel shall have a maximum sulphur content of 50 ppm.
Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shelf life will be limited. Advice should be
sought from the supplier as to storage conditions and life.
5
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Petrol (E5)
Limits1
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Research octane number, RON
95.0
-
Motor octane number, MON
85.0
-
2
3
4
5
Test method
Density at 15 °C
kg/m3
743
756
Vapour pressure
Water content
Distillation:
– Evaporated at 70 °C
– Evaporated at 100 °C
– Evaporated at 150 °C
– Final boiling point
Residue
Hydrocarbon analysis:
– Olefins
– Aromatics
– Benzene
– Saturates
Carbon/hydrogen ratio
Carbon/oxygen ratio
Induction period2
Oxygen content3
Existent gum
Sulphur content4
kPa
% v/v
56.0
60.0
0.015
EN 25164
prEN ISO 5164
EN 25163
prEN ISO 5163
EN ISO 3675
EN ISO 12185
EN ISO 13016-1 (DVPE)
ASTM E 1064
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
°C
% v/v
24.0
48.0
82.0
190
—
44.0
60.0
90.0
210
2.0
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
EN-ISO 3405
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
3.0
29.0
-
13.0
35.0
1.0
ASTM D 1319
ASTM D 1319
EN 12177
ASTM 1319
minutes
% m/m
mg/ml
mg/kg
480
-
EN-ISO 7536
EN 1601
EN-ISO 6246
EN ISO 20846
EN ISO 20884
EN-ISO 2160
EN 237
ASTM D 3231
EN 1601
EN 13132
Copper corrosion
Lead content
Phosphorus content5
Ethanol3
1
Unit
mg/l
mg/l
% v/v
Report
Report
Report
Report
-
0.04
10
4.7
Class 1
5
1.3
5.3
The values quoted in the specifications are "true values". In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259
Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied
and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a
maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility).
Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless
aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of
maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the
specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to stabilize refinery gasoline streams,
but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added.
Ethanol meeting the specification of EN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference
fuel.
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type I Test shall be reported
There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference
fuel.
6
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Petrol (E10)
Limits 1
Parameter
Unit
Research octane number,
RON 2
Motor octane number,
MON 2
Density at 15°C
Vapour pressure (DVPE)
kg/m3
kPa
Water content
% m/m
Distillation:
– evaporated at 70°C
– evaporated at 100°C
– evaporated at 150°C
– final boiling point
Residue
Hydrocarbon analysis:
– olefins
– aromatics
– benzene
– saturates
Carbon/hydrogen ratio
Carbon/oxygen ratio
Induction Period 3
Oxygen content 4
Solvent washed gum
(Existent gum content)
Sulphur content 5
Copper corrosion 3hrs,
50°C
Lead content
Phosphorus content 6
Ethanol 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Minimum
Maximum
95.0
98.0
EN ISO 5164
85.0
89.0
EN ISO 5163
743.0
56.0
756.0
60.0
EN ISO 12185
EN 13016-1
max 0.05
Appearance at -7°C: Clear & Bright
Test method
EN 12937
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
°C
% v/v
34.0
54.0
86.0
170
—
46.0
62.0
94.0
195
2.0
EN ISO 3405
EN ISO 3405
EN ISO 3405
EN ISO 3405
EN ISO 3405
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
6.0
25.0
-
13.0
32.0
1.00
EN 22854
EN 22854
EN 22854
EN 238
EN 22854
% v/v
report
report
report
minutes
% m/m
mg/100ml
480
3.3
—
—
3.7
4
EN ISO 7536
EN 22854
EN ISO 6246
mg/kg
—
10
—
class 1
EN ISO 20846
EN ISO 20884
EN ISO 2160
—
—
9.0
5
1.3
10.0
EN 237
ASTM D 3231
EN 22854
mg/l
mg/l
% v/v
The values quoted in the specifications are 'true values'. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259
Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied
and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a
maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility).
Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless
aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of
maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the
specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied.
A correction factor of 0.2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance
with EN 228:2008.
The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to
stabilise refinery gasoline streams, but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added.
Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The Ethanol used shall conform to
EN 15376.
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 1 test shall be reported.
There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference
fuel.
7
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Ethanol (E85)
Parameter
Unit
Limits1
Minimum
95.0
85.0
Maximum
-
Research octane number, RON
Motor octane number, MON
Density at 15°C
Vapour pressure
kg/m3
kPa
40.0
60.0
Sulphur content3.4
mg/kg
-
10
Oxidation stability
Existent gum content (solvent
washed)
Appearance
This shall be determined at
ambient temperature or 15 °C,
whichever is higher.
minutes
mg/(100
ml)
360
Ethanol and higher alcohols7
% V/V
83
85
Higher alcohols (C3-C8)
Methanol
Petrol5
Phosphorus
Water content
Inorganic chloride content
pHe
Copper strip corrosion
(3h at 50 °C)
Acidity (as acetic acid
CH3COOH)
Carbon/hydrogen ratio
Carbon/oxygen ration
% V/V
% V/V
% V/V
mg/l
% V/V
mg/l
-
2.0
0.5
1
Report
-
5
Clear and bright, visibly free of
suspended or precipitated
contaminants
Balance
0.36
0.3
1
9.0
6.5
Rating
Class 1
% m/m
(mg/l)
-
Test method2
EN ISO 5164
EN ISO 5163
ISO 3675
EN ISO 13016-1 (DVPE)
EN ISO 20846
EN ISO 20884
EN ISO 7536
EN ISO 6246
Visual inspection
EN 1601
EN 13132
EN 14517
EN 228
ASTM D 3231
ASTM E 1064
ISO 6227
ASTM D 6423
EN ISO 2160
0.005
(40)
ASTM D 1613
report
report
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. For establishing the limit values, the terms of ISO
4259:2006 (Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of
test) have been applied and for fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken
into account; for fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility).
Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the fuel manufacturer shall nevertheless
aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value when quoting maximum
and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the
specifications, the terms of ISO 4259:2006 shall be applied.
2
In cases of dispute, the procedures for resolving the dispute and interpreting the results based on test method
precision, as described in EN ISO 4259:2006, shall be used.
3
In cases of national dispute concerning sulphur content, either EN ISO 20846:2011 or EN ISO 20884:2011
shall be referred to in the same way as in the national annex of EN 228.
4
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the type I test shall be reported.
5
The unleaded petrol content can be determined as 100 minus the sum of the percentage content of water and
alcohols.
6
There shall be no intentional addition to this reference fuel of compounds containing phosphorus, iron,
manganese or lead.
Ethanol meeting the specification of EN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to this
reference fuel.
7
8
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Diesel fuel (B5)
Parameter
Unit
Limits1
Minimum
Maximum
52.0
54.0
833
837
Test method
Cetane number2
EN ISO 5165
Density at 15 °C
kg/m3
EN ISO 3675
Distillation:
- 50 % point
°C
245
EN ISO 3405
- 95 % point
°C
345
350
EN ISO 3405
- Final boiling point
°C
370
EN ISO 3405
Flash point
°C
55
EN 22719
CFPP
°C
-5
EN 116
Viscosity at 40 °C
mm2/s
2.3
3.3
EN ISO 3104
Polycyclic aromatic
% m/m
2.0
6.0
EN 12916
hydrocarbons
Sulphur content3
mg/kg
10
EN ISO 20846 / EN ISO 20884
Copper corrosion
Class 1
EN ISO 2160
Conradson carbon
% m/m
0.2
EN ISO 10370
residue (10 % DR)
Ash content
% m/m
0.01
EN ISO 6245
Water content
% m/m
0.02
EN ISO 12937
Neutralisation (strong
mg KOH/g
0.02
ASTM D 974
acid) number
Oxidation stability4
mg/ml
0.025
EN ISO 12205
Lubricity (HFRR wear
μm
400
EN ISO 12156
scan diameter at 60 °C)
Oxidation stability at
h
20.0
EN 14112
110 °C4.6
5
FAME
% v/v
4.5
5.5
EN 14078
1
The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. For establishing the limit values, the terms of ISO
4259:2006 (Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of
test) have been applied and for fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been
taken into account; for fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R =
reproducibility).
Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the fuel manufacturer shall
nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value when
quoting maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the
requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259:2006 shall be applied.
2
The range for Cetane number is not in accordance with the requirements of a minimum range of 4R.
However, the terms of ISO 4259:2006 may be used to resolve disputes between fuel supplier and fuel user,
provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to archive the necessary precision, are taken in
preference to single determinations.
3
The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the type I test shall be reported.
4
Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shelf life will be limited. Advice shall be sought
from the supplier as to storage conditions and shelf life.
5
FAME content to meet the specification of EN 14214.
6
Oxidation stability can be demonstrated by EN ISO 12205:1995 or EN 14112:1996. This requirement shall
be reviewed based on CEN/TC19 evaluations of oxidative stability performance and test limits.
9
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
Parameter
Unit
Composition:
C3-content
percent vol
C4-content
percent vol
< C3 , >C4
percent vol
Olefins
percent vol
Evaporation residue
mg/kg
Water at 0C
Total sulphur content
mg/kg
Hydrogen sulphide
Copper strip corrosion
rating
Odour
Motor octane number
Fuel A
Fuel B
30 ± 2
Balance1
max. 2
max. 12
max. 50
85 ± 2
Balance1
max. 2
max. 15
max. 50
free
free
max. 50
max. 50
none
Class 1
characteristi
c
min. 89
none
class 1
Test method
ISO 7941
ISO 13757 or EN 15470
EN 15469
EN 24260 or
ASTM 6667
ISO 8819
ISO 62512
characteristic
min. 89
EN 589 Annex B
1
Balance has to be read as follows: balance = 100 – C3 ≤ C3 ≥ C4.
2
This method may not accurately determine the presence of corrosive materials if the sample contains
corrosion inhibitors or other chemicals which diminish the corrosivity of the sample to the copper strip.
Therefore, the addition of such compounds for the sole purpose of biasing the test method is prohibited.
Type: Natural gas (NG)/biomethane1
Parameter
Methane
Balance2
N2
Sulphur content2
Wobbe Index4 (net)
Unit
percent mole
percent mole
percent mole
mg/m3
MJ/m3
Limits3
Minimum
Maximum
Reference fuel G20
100
99
100
1
Basis
10
48.2
47.2
49.2
Reference fuel G25
Methane
percent mole
86
84
88
Balance2
percent mole
1
N2
percent mole
14
12
16
Sulphur content3
mg/m3
10
4
Wobbe Index (net)
MJ/m3
39.4
38.2
40.6
1
Biofuel’ means liquid or gaseous fuel for transport, produced from biomass.
2
Inerts (different from N2) + C2 +C2+.
3
Value to be determined at 293.0 K (20.0 °C) and 101.3 kPa.
4
Value to be determined at 273.0 K (0.0 °C) and 101.3 kPa.
10
Test method
ISO 6974
ISO 6974
ISO 6974
ISO 6326-5
ISO 6974
ISO 6974
ISO 6974
ISO 6326-5
Submitted by the expert from the European Commission
Working paper EPPR-11-xx
11th EPPR meeting, 09 June 2015
Type: Hydrogen for internal combustion engines
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Minimum
98
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
100
100
Test method
Hydrogen purity
% mole
ISO 14687
Total hydrocarbon
µmol/mol
ISO 14687
(2)
Water1
µmol/mol
ISO 14687
(2)
Oxygen
µmol/mol
ISO 14687
(2)
Argon
µmol/mol
ISO 14687
(2)
Nitrogen
µmol/mol
ISO 14687
CO
µmol/mol
1
ISO 14687
Sulphur
µmol/mol
2
ISO 14687
Permanent particulates3
ISO 14687
1 Not to be condensed.
2 Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: 1.900 µmol/mol.
3 The hydrogen shall not contain dust, sand, dirt, gums, oils or other substances in an amount sufficient to
damage the fuelling station equipment of the vehicle (engine) being fuelled.
Type: Hydrogen for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
Parameter
Unit
Limits
Minimum
99.99
0
0
0
0
0
Maximum
100
100
2
5
5
100
Test method
Hydrogen fuel1
% mole
ISO 14687-2
Total gases3
µmol/mol
Total hydrocarbon
µmol/mol
ISO 14687-2
Water
µmol/mol
ISO 14687-2
Oxygen
µmol/mol
ISO 14687-2
Helium (He), Nitrogen
µmol/mol
ISO 14687-2
(N2), Argon (Ar)
CO2
µmol/mol
0
2
ISO 14687-2
CO
µmol/mol
0
0.2
ISO 14687-2
Total sulphur
µmol/mol
0
0.004
ISO 14687-2
compounds
Formaldehyde
µmol/mol
0
0.01
ISO 14687-2
(HCHO)
Formic acid (HCOOH)
µmol/mol
0
0.2
ISO 14687-2
Ammonia (NH3)
µmol/mol
0
0.1
ISO 14687-2
Total halogenated
µmol/mol
0
0.05
ISO 14687-2
compounds
Particulates size
µm
0
10
ISO 14687-2
Particulates
µg/l
0
1
ISO 14687-2
concentration
1 The hydrogen fuel index is determined by subtracting the total content of non-hydrogen gaseous constituents
listed in the table (total gases), expressed in mole percent, from 100 mole percent. It is less than the sum of the
maximum allowable limits of all non-hydrogen constituents shown in the table.
2 The value of total gases is the sum of the values of the non-hydrogen constituents listed in the table, except the
particulates.
11