Table 1: Basic characteristics of patients undergoing surgical and non-surgical treatments (lifestyle and pharmacotherapy) for weight loss. Data are also provided
for each of the 3 surgical sub-groups.
Surgical group & sub-groups
RYGB
VSG
BAND
All surgical patients
Non-surgical group
Number
Gender (male/female)
Age (years)
72
12/60
46.7 ± 10.1
6
2/4
45.3 ± 10.5
12
3/9
46.6 ± 10.2
90
17/73
46.5 ± 10.1
36
14/22
54.1 ± 13.3*
Pre-operative body weight (kg)
134.4 ± 20.6
122.3 ± 41.2
129.7 ± 24.2
133.0 ± 22.8
118.5 ± 23.0*
Pre-operative BMI (kg/m2)
49.0 ± 7.0
42.7 ± 8.3
48.7 ± 9.0
48.5 ± 7.5
40.7 ± 7.5*
Percentage weight loss at 1 year (%)
29.7 ± 8.0
20.7 ± 6.0
12.4 ± 5.6
26.8 ± 9.7
Descriptive data are shown as mean ± SD. The surgical and non-surgical groups were compared with unpaired t-tests or Mann Whitney U test depending on
normality distribution. BAND: adjustable gastric banding, RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, VSG: vertical sleeve gastrectomy, BMI: body mass index.
(*) p<0.05 compared to all surgical patients
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Table 2: Pre-operative psychological characteristics of patients undergoing surgical and non-surgical treatments (lifestyle and pharmacotherapy) for weight loss.
Data are also provided for each of the 3 surgical sub-groups.
Psychological parameters
Comparisons between the surgical and
non-surgical groups
Comparisons between the surgical sub-groups
Non-surgical
Surgical
P
RYGB
VSG
BAND
Overall
ANOVA
P value
Impulsivity
HADS Anxiety
61.3 ± 10.6
9.5 ± 3.6
60.3 ± 11.0
10.3 ± 4.3
0.65
0.49
59.9 ±10.7
10.2 ± 3.9
64.8 ± 13.8
7.0 ± 5.3
63.8 ± 14.6
16.5 ± 2.1
0.40
0.04
BAND>VSG, <0.05
0.06 (0.62)
0.07 (0.70)
HADS Depression
8.7 ±3.5
8.9 ± 4.3
0.86
8.8 ± 4.1
5.7 ± 3.8
15.5 ± 0.7
0.03
BAND>VSG, <0.05
0.16 (0.36)
BAS-Fun Seeking
BAS-Reward Responsivity
10.3 ± 2.3
15.7 ± 3.2
10.4 ± 2.2
16.9 ± 2.0
0.89
0.03
9.8 ± 2.1
9.9 ± 2.3
10.8 ± 2.1
10.8 ± 3.9
8.3 ± 2.4
10.7 ± 2.2
0.05
0.47
0.05 (0.11)
-0.19 (0.13)
BAS-Drive
Barratt Impulsivity Scale
9.9 ± 2.6
20.8 ± 4.8
10.0 ± 1.9
22.7 ± 3.1
0.82
0.02
16.6 ± 2.2
22.3 ± 3.2
17.8 ± 1.7
24.5 ± 2.3
17.1 ± 2.2
22.9 ± 2.5
0.35
0.23
-0.18 (0.13)
-0.12 (0.32)
Post hoc pair-wise
comparison, P value
Correlation
coefficient r (P
value of
correlation)
Descriptive data are shown as mean ± SD. The surgical and non-surgical groups were compared with unpaired t-tests or Mann Whitney U test depending on
normality distribution. The surgical sub-groups were compared with one-way ANOVA or one-way ANOVA on ranks depending on normality distribution. Pair-wise
post hoc ANOVA comparisons were performed using the Tukey multiple comparison correction testing. Predictors of percentage weight loss were determined
using linear regression. BAND: adjustable gastric banding, BAS: behavioural activation scale, HADS: hospital depression and anxiety score, RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric
bypass, VSG: vertical sleeve gastrectomy.
2
Table 3: Pre-operative eating behaviour of patients undergoing surgical and non-surgical treatments (lifestyle and pharmacotherapy) for weight loss. Data are also
provided for each of the 3 surgical sub-groups.
Eating behaviour Parameters
TFEQ Cognitive Restraint
TFEQ Disinhibition
TFEQ Hunger
EDEQ Restraint
EDEQ Eating
EDEQ Shape concerns
EDEQ Weight concerns
EDEQ Global
Comparisons between the surgical and
non-surgical groups
Comparisons between the surgical sub-groups
Non-surgical
Surgical
P
RYGB
VSG
BAND
7.7 ± 5.1
7.9 ± 3.6
7.4 ± 4.4
1.8 ± 1.7
1.7 ± 1.6
4.3 ± 1.1
3.6 ± 1.3
2.8 ± 1.2
7.5 ± 4.6
8.9 ± 4.0
7.8 ± 4.2
1.9 ± 1.5
2.2 ± 1.7
4.2 ± 1.4
3.8 ± 1.2
2.9 ± 1.3
0.87
0.33
0.73
0.77
0.19
0.62
0.66
0.74
8.1 ± 5.1
8.8 ± 4.2
7.7 ± 4.6
1.8 ± 1.3
2.2 ± 1.8
4.2 ± 1.4
3.8 ± 1.3
2.9 ± 1.2
9.0 ± 8.5
8.0 ± 4.2
9.5 ± 2.1
2.3 ± 1.8
3.1 ± 0.7
4.9 ± 0.5
4.5 ± 0.9
3.7 ± 0.7
12.0 ± 2.0
6.7 ± 3.8
6.7 ± 3.1
2.7 ± 2.1
2.2 ± 1.8
4.5 ± 1.5
4.2 ± 1.0
2.8 ± 1.8
Overall
ANOVA
P value
0.44
0.68
0.79
0.17
0.50
0.46
0.26
0.37
Correlation
coefficient r (P
value of
correlation)
Post hoc pair-wise
comparison, P value
-0.60 (<0.005)
0.56 (<0.005)
0.12 (0.47)
-0.16 (0.18)
-0.16 (0.19)
0.05 (0.71)
-0.13 (0.28)
-0.04 (0.77)
Descriptive data are shown as mean ± SD. The surgical and non-surgical groups were compared with unpaired t-tests or Mann Whitney U test depending on
normality distribution. The surgical sub-groups were compared with one-way ANOVA or one-way ANOVA on ranks depending on normality distribution. Pair-wise
post ANOVA comparisons were performed using the Tukey multiple comparison correction testing. Predictors of percentage weight loss were determined using
linear regression. BAND: adjustable gastric banding, EDEQ: Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, TFEQ: three factor eating
questionnaire, VSG: vertical sleeve gastrectomy.
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Table 4: Pre-operative quality of life of patients undergoing surgical and non-surgical treatments (lifestyle and pharmacotherapy) for weight loss. Data are also
provided for each of the 3 surgical sub-groups.
Quality of life Parameters
Comparisons between the surgical and nonsurgical groups
Non-surgical
Surgical
P
Comparisons between the surgical sub-groups
RYGB
VSG
BAND
Overall
ANOVA
P value
SF-36 physical function
SF-36 limitation to physical health
SF-36 limitation to emotional problems
SF-36 energy
SF-36 emotional well being
SF-36 social function
SF-36 pain
SF-36 general health
IWQOL physical function
IWQOL self esteem
IWQOL sexual life
IWQOL public distress
41.3 ± 28.1
31.0 ± 37.0
57.9 ± 43.3
44.3 ± 19.3
61.5 ± 16.0
54.2 ± 28.3
40.0 ± 19.3
38.6 ± 17.6
39.1 ± 11.0
25.9 ± 6.9
14.6 ± 5.4
15.9 ± 6.2
35.0 ± 23.7
42.1 ± 37.8
47.2 ± 47.4
33.6 ± 21.2
52.9 ± 21.8
44.7 ± 28.6
46.7 ± 26.9
29.7 ± 18.0
40.9 ± 9.1
29.1 ± 6.5
15.5 ± 4.5
19.2 ± 5.0
0.37
0.28
0.40
0.06
0.12
0.23
0.32
0.08
0.50
0.08
0.52
0.03
38.8 ± 24.3
42.1 ± 38.6
48.4 ± 47.0
31.5 ± 18.2
54.7 ± 20.0
43.1 ± 29.6
44.7 ± 27.5
30.6 ± 18.0
41.2 ± 9.3
28.7 ± 6.6
15.2 ± 4.4
19.1 ± 5.0
16.7 ± 17.6
25.0 ± 25.0
33.3 ± 57.7
10.0 ± 0.0
61.3 ± 26.6
33.3 ± 26.0
29.2 ± 11.6
28.3 ± 10.4
53.5 ± 0.7
33.5 ± 0.7
20.0 ± 0.0
23.0 ± 1.41
20.0 ± 14.1
0.0 ± 0.0
50.0 ± 70.7
58.3 ± 27.5
24.0 ± 28.3
18.8 ± 8.8
18.8 ± 26.5
25.0 ± 28.3
40.70 ± 6.5
33.7 ± 2.3
17.0 ± 4.4
22.7 ± 2.5
0.20
0.25
0.88
0.02
0.88
0.46
0.29
0.90
0.18
0.28
0.27
0.30
IWQOL work problems
IWQOL total
11.1 ± 4.4
100.0 ± 34.4
11.3 ± 4.5
115.9 ± 20.9
0.85
0.03
11.1 ± 4.3
115.0 ± 21.5
17.5 ± 2.1
148.0 ± 3.5
18.3 ± 2.9
132.0 ± 1.5
0.01
0.06
Post hoc pair-wise
comparison, P
value
BAND>VSG, <0.05
BAND>RYGB, <0.05
Correlation
coefficient r, (P
value of
correlation)
0.04 (0.84)
-0.10 (0.57)
-0.09 (0.60)
-0.45 (0.01)
0.05 (0.79)
0.001 (0.1)
0.17 (0.32)
0.03 (0.85)
0.19 (0.28)
-0.10 (0.58)
-0.20 (0.23)
-0.21 (0.22)
-0.12 (0.50)
-0.07 (0.69)
Descriptive data are shown as mean ± SD. The surgical and non-surgical groups were compared with unpaired t-tests or Mann Whitney U test depending on
normality distribution. The surgical sub-groups were compared with one-way ANOVA or one-way ANOVA on ranks depending on normality distribution. Pair-wise
post ANOVA comparisons were performed using the Tukey multiple comparison correction testing. Predictors of percentage weight loss were determined using
linear regression. BAND: adjustable gastric banding, IWQOL: impact of weight on quality of life, RYGB: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, SF: short form, VSG: vertical sleeve
gastrectomy.
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