APPROVED
By Resolution No 1SP-16
of the Council of
the Faculty of Social Technologies
of Mykolas Romeris University
MYKOLAS ROMERIS UNIVERSITY
Institute of Educational Sciences and Social Work
PROCEDURE FOR WRITING AND DEFENDING
FINAL BACHELOR THESES
Document governing the procedure prepared by:
Prof. dr. Valdonė Indrašienė
Doc. dr. Rita Raudeliūnaitė
Doc. dr. Justinas Sadauskas
Vilnius, 2014
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1. Purpose of the bachelor thesis
Bachelor thesis is an independent study of scientific nature which demonstrates student’s
ability to apply knowledge acquired and generalised during their studies as well as skills of
empirical research, ability to analyse both theoretically and empirically any chosen problem of a
study filed corresponding to the study programme which the student graduates (further – study
field), make conclusions, and provide practical recommendations.
The purpose of a bachelor thesis is to provide the opportunity for the student to prove that
they have in fact acquired professional and academic qualification awarded under the bachelor
degree study programme, and are able to apply the methodology and methods of scientific
discovery to theoretical and empirical analysis of any problem relevant to the study field.
On completion and successful defence of a bachelor thesis the student will be able:

To analyse theoretical and practical relevancy of chosen area of research;

To plan, implement, evaluate and present applied social researches;

To analyse critically modern theories, research and methods of a study field, to
summarize research results, to prepare conclusions; and

To choose different research methods, to organize research following the principals
and ethics of social research.
2. Choosing a topic for the bachelor thesis
Students must select themes of bachelor theses during the first stage of registering for
studies of the second study year, from April 20to May 1. The Committees shall provide a list of
the themes of the theses, supervisors and consultants. While selecting themes, students are
recommended to consult supervisors and consultants. Students wishing to write a thesis on the
theme proposed by him shall consult with the chairman of the Committee. The Committee,
having stated conformity of the theme to the requirements due for the thesis, shall appoint a
supervisor of the final thesis. Upon expiry of the selection period, Committees shall publicly
announce lists of students allowed to prepare the works, themes selected by them, appointed
supervisors and consultants.
3. General requirements for the bachelor thesis
The thesis should be between 40 and 50 pages (excluding the title page, table of contents,
list of references, and appendices), and the text written using a 1.5 line spacing and size 12 font.
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Margins for the entire document should be 3 cm on the left, 2 cm on the right, and 2 cm from the
top and bottom of the page. The thesis should be written in the font type Times New Roman.
The structure of the bachelor final thesis should be as follows: title page, table of contents,
introduction, body (theory and research), conclusions and proposals, references (i.e. a list of
references), brief summary in the Lithuanian and foreign languages, and appendices.
Title page should indicate the name of the higher education institution where the student
prepared their thesis, name of the faculty, name of the institute, name and surname of the thesis
author, name of the study programme; topic of the final thesis; nature of the thesis, i.e. final
bachelor thesis; academic degree of thesis supervisor and their academic title as well as name
and surname; name of the city and year of thesis submission (see Appendix 1).
Table of contents should provide a detailed structure of the paper, namely, names of all
constituent parts of the bachelor thesis and page where a respective part of the thesis can be
found. It is important that chapter headings do not replicate, word by word, the title of the thesis
itself and section headings do not replicate chapter headings. On the other hand, key significant
terms in the title of the thesis should, in one or another way, be reflected and linked with chapter
headings and the latter with section headings.
Chapters and sections should be numbered using Arabic numerals. Headings of
introductory parts and chapters should be written in capital letters and titles of subsections and
sections in lower case letters (see Appendix 2).
Introduction should present the essence of the final bachelor thesis. It should state the
motives behind the thesis topic chosen, justification of research, and a brief presentation of how
much or little the research problem has been researched in Lithuania and abroad including the
names of the authors who studied the topic. In the introduction the student should substantiate
the relevancy, novelty and practical significance of the topic by referring to the analysis of
scientific literature, research, or legal documents.
The introduction should also present a research object. A research object is a social
phenomenon analysed theoretically and empirically. This could be social activities, elements of
social processes, various events, their particulars and patterns. One particular person should not
be the object of research, though the interaction between participants of the process could
become a research object.
If qualitative research methods are used, then the introduction portion should specify the
main research questions explaining the intended revelations by the author.
Formulating research objectives and tasks. Research objective should reflect the essence of
the thesis and its meaning; the formulation of the objective should be as short and clear as
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possible. No doubt the objective of the thesis should correspond to the title of the topic chosen
and reflect the research object, i.e. what will be researched.
It is recommended to formulate the objective in a single sentence and it should not contain:
• Conjunctions ‘and’ showing mere doubling or tripling of the objective as this
would already mean tasks for different papers. One paper should only have one clear
objective.
• Word by word repetition of the topic title in the formulation of the thesis objective.
• Additional explanatory phrases describing various aspects of research, or
conditions for applying research findings.
Thesis objective should be started in a new line and begin with the following words: The
objective of the thesis: ....
Formulations of thesis objectives may use the following key words: to reveal, to validate
theoretically and empirically, to identify, etc.
Once the objective of the thesis has been formulated, concrete tasks of the thesis should be
determined which have to be accomplished as to achieve the objective formulated. It is
recommended to define between 3 and 4 tasks that would reflect the most important stages of
implementation of a given bachelor thesis starting with theoretical aspects of the topic studied
and ending with an analysis of empirical research findings. A task is almost a step that brings the
student closer to the objective. Each task shows an intermediate result therefore it should be
formulated in a finite result-focused (not action-focused) form (in past perfect tense rather than
the present tense). It is recommended that each task of the thesis should have a dedicated chapter
in the thesis and a dedicated conclusion. Please note the need for harmony between the thesis
tasks, chapter headings and conclusions because the lack of this harmony is the first thing to
stand out during the thesis review process.
It is not recommended to list the analysis of scientific literature and the drafting of
conclusions and proposals as tasks of the thesis. These are integral components of a research
paper. Research tasks should be listed in a strict formal structure and each task started in a new
line.
At the end of the introduction there should be a statement of theoretical (analysis of
scientific literature, document analysis, etc.) and empirical (observation, interviews,
questionnaires, etc.) research methods used in preparing the thesis.
The introduction should state data analysis methods.
The introduction of the thesis should be between 1.5 and 2 pages.
The main body of the thesis should present and analyse theoretical and empirical material
by tasks formulated. The main body should consist of the theoretical problem analysis (no less
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than 30 sources with no less than 3 of them being in a foreign language), empirical research
method and analysis of research findings.
Theoretical problem analysis helps to understand the condition of research into the
problem chosen. Its name should reflect the problem discussed in the final bachelor thesis. This
section is further divided into chapters and sections. Each chapter should explore problem issues
from the point of view adopted and a section should explore an individual portion of that aspect.
The scope of sections should be sufficient (there can be no sections of one page or smaller).
Chapters and sections should be consistent and logically coherent.
Theoretical portion of the thesis should build on the latest scientific literature and give a
broad picture of research conducted both in Lithuania and abroad. This portion should
mandatory include a descriptive element (description of what has been done in terms of the
aspect of the problem chosen) and evaluative element (assessment of what has been done) as
well as summative element (summary of what has been said by different authors). Every author
of a research paper follows a certain research tradition so that they avoid repeating things already
known and expand on the topic or question chosen. There is a need to discuss only those works
that are relevant to research planned. Students should avoid describing literature that is not
relevant to the topic researched or giving textbook statements. Discussion of literature can be
done by year or by problem.
Students should always remember that the beginning of each chapter should provide an
explanation why this chapter exists, the purpose of the chapter, and the end of each chapter
should summarise key matters discussed in the chapter. A generalisation of chapter findings
should not be just a summary of the chapter contents but rather an extended presentation of
chapter findings.
The presentation and discussion of empirical research findings should first of all begin
with a presentation of research methodology. Research methodology should describe research
methods used to solve the research problem. A presentation of research methodology should also
state methods of analysis of research data obtained.
The presentation of research methodology should be followed by a presentation and
justification of research location and sample. In qualitative research the description of research
subjects should reveal the purposefulness of sample selection and contain a description of the
main characteristics of research subjects.
In quantitative research the description of subjects should present a method of compiling
the sample, sample size and the main characteristics of research subjects.
It is important that research methodology discusses matters of research ethics.
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Afterwards there should be a presentation and analysis of research findings. Descriptive
statistics should be used in quantitative research.
Research findings may be presented using figures and/or tables however students should
avoid presenting the same information using several methods.
Conclusions and proposals should show whether the thesis objective and tasks were
accomplished. Conclusions should be clear and laconic, accurately reflect the findings, and
justify each thesis task defined. Conclusions and proposals should not contain new information.
Proposals should be concrete and stem from the research findings. It is acceptable to formulate
proposals for the improvement of practical activities, future research, and indicate the addressee
of specific proposals.
List of sources and references should provide descriptions of the sources used and
bibliographic descriptions of the titles in accordance with the rules for a bibliographic
description of the document.
A brief summary of the thesis should be provided in the Lithuanian and foreign (English,
German, or French) languages. A summary should contain the following information about the
thesis: title of the final thesis, objective, tasks, subjects, methods, research findings, and
keywords (up to 5). A summary should be between 1,200 and 1,500 characters in every
language.
Appendices should provide not the main but nevertheless additional valuable material.
Appendices may encompass instruments of empirical research, statistical data, visual material,
and primary data of research conducted. Appendices should state instruments of empirical
research and transcribed interviews for qualitative research. Every appendix should have a
number and a reference in the body of the thesis. The number of appendices, their scope in pages
shall be unlimited and shall not be included in the scope of the final thesis.
4. Using references in the final bachelor thesis
Any final thesis should be based on scientific literature, legal documents and research.
Sources of scientific literature are divided into primary and secondary sources. Primary sources
include scientific articles published in reviewed scientific magazines, research papers,
monographs, studies, and textbooks. Secondary sources include directories, encyclopaedia,
overviews, and conference material. Primary sources should account for around 90 per cent of all
literature used as a basis for the final bachelor thesis. It is recommended that students limit
themselves to literature published 10 years ago or earlier.
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At Mykolas Romeris University for the bibliographical list form and quotation in the
bachelor's final work APA (American Psychological Association) standards of bibliographic
description must be used (Appendix 5).
Any references to scientific titles in the main body should follow the method of author –
date. When a reference is given in the body of the thesis, it should be written in parentheses
indicating surname of the author in the source language and year when published (Liuobikienė,
2009). When there are three or more authors, a reference to the scientific title should state
surname of the first author only and be followed by ‘et al.’ in the source language (Bitinas et al.,
2008). When a source does not have the author, any reference to that source should state the
name of the organisation or source and year (Socialinis darbas ir vaiko teisės, 2008). If the text
references several authors with the same surname, the student should provide initials of the
authors. When referencing different sources by several authors, surnames of the authors and year
should be separated by a column (Dodge, 2008; Kinata, 2009). When referring to different
publications by the same author published the same year, these publications should be separated
by adding letters a, b, c, etc. after the year of publication (Ramsden, 2007a, 2007b). When
quoting works by the same author published in different years, works of the author should be
stated in chronological order (Martin, 2010; Martin, 2013). If one thought is followed by a
reference to several sources, these sources should be stated in alphabetic order (Linn et al., 2012;
Ramsden, 2007b; Taylor, 2013), or chronological order (Ramsden, 2007b; Linn et al., 2012;
Taylor, 2013).
When quoting an author, words quoted should be written in quotation marks and a
reference followed by the quote should indicate surname of the author and year of publication as
well as the page in the source text (Baldwin, 2013, p. 59). A quote should not exceed the scope
required for the purpose of quoting. Quotes should be used only when necessary. Any idea by
some other author should be quoted from the original work accurately using the same
punctuation marks. In the event of a wish to shorten the quote, the missing portion of the quote
should be marked by ellipsis.
When a secondary source is quoted, i.e. when statements by a certain author are given not
by quoting the original work but rather work by some other author, it should be stated that a
secondary source was used, e.g., Zuzevičiūtė claimed (quote from Prosser, 2001) that <...>.
The list of references to be given at the end of the final bachelor thesis should include only
those sources which the author of the thesis is directly familiar with, i.e. has read and analysed,
and provided references in the text. Scientific works the thesis author came into knowledge of
from a secondary source cannot be included in the list of references. In this case the main body
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text of the bachelor thesis should only state a reference that quote is based on and comes from a
secondary source which in turn should be included in the list of references.
The list of references should be compiled in alphabetical order by surnames of the authors
and in case of several works by the same author these should be listed in chronological order.
When the list of references includes publications in both Latin script and Cyrillic scrip, the list
should first of all state publications in the Latin script and only then publications in the Cyrillic
script.
If the list of references includes publications without known authors, e.g. dictionaries,
directories, etc., their place on the combined list should be determined by the first letter of the
heading.
Examples of bibliographical descriptions of books, articles, e-paper and so on according to
the APA standards of bibliographical description are given in Appendix 5.
5. Formalising the final bachelor thesis
The thesis shall be written in scientific style and correct language. Assessment grade may
be lowered for linguistic mistakes.
It is advised that students use the passive voice for the narrative, scientific style and refrain
from using style employed by the mass media.
If the student uses long names and these have to be repeated numerous times, then the full
name should be given the first time when used and an abbreviation in parentheses which shall be
used onwards in the text.
The bachelor thesis should use universally accepted abbreviations, such as e.g. meaning
‘for example’, etc. meaning ‘and others’. If the student wishes to use abbreviations for wellknown names (institutions, codices, etc.), their full name should be given the first time when
used and an abbreviation in parentheses.
The final bachelor thesis should be written on a computer, printed on A4 format paper and
bound. The text should be printed one-sidedly at 1.5 line spacing with the following page
margins: 3 cm on the left, 2 cm on the right, 2 cm from the top and 2 cm from the bottom of the
page. Font size should be 12 pt, and the font style should be Times New Roman. It is advised to
start numbering of pages from the title page and write the page number at the bottom right corner
of the page. No number should be written on the title page.
Each chapter should be started on a new page whereas sections may be continued on the
same page with a single or double spacing between the paragraphs. Headlines of the chapters
should be written in capital letters whereas headlines of the sections should be in lower case
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letters except for the first letter of the headline. Headlines of chapters and sections should be
placed centrally. Sections should be numbered only within a chapter. The student should avoid
end-of-the-line word splitting and full stop at the end of the headline.
Table of contents, introduction, conclusions, and list of references and sources as well as
appendices should be started on a new page. Their headlines should not be numbered, be
capitalised and stated symmetrically across the width of the page.
Appendices should be numbered, headlined and printed on separate pages.
In the thesis tables and figures should be numbered in a continuous sequence using
Arabic numerals. The text of the thesis should have references to tables (see Table 1) and figures
(see Figure 1).
Table l. Subject distribution by age and gender (n=439)
Age
Gender
Men
Women
Total
20-39 year-olds
40-65 year-olds
Total
22 (23.2%)
169 (49.1%)
191 (43.5%)
73 (76.8%)
175 (50.9%)
248 (56.5%)
95 (100%)
344 (100%)
439 (100%)
Number of the table should be written next to the title of the table and more specifically
next to the word ‘table’, e.g. Table 1. If there is only one table in the thesis, a single word ‘table’
shall suffice. The title of the table should be written in lower case letters except for the first letter
of the first word which needs to be capitalised. The title of the table should be given above the
table in size 12 font and should be cantered.
In the table text in all lines should start with a capital letter. Figures in the tables should be
presented so that all groups of figures across the field are one after another exactly. Tables
should not contain such fields as ‘line number’ or ‘unit of measurement’.
As for the numbering of figures the following applies: Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, etc. The
title of the figure should be given below the figure using size 12 font and in lower case letters
except for the first letter of the first word which needs to be capitalised. Number of the figure
should be given before the title of the figure.
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Fig. 1. Evaluation of professional orientation consultations at schools given by senior peers
by gender (%)
Tables and figures may take up just a portion of the page, the entire page, two and more
pages. Students should avoid splitting the table. If needed, a table may be moved to another page
and indicate on the second page ‘Table 1 continued’. If a table has to be split into two or more
parts (e.g. in an appendix and sometimes in the text), then at the right bottom corner of the first
(second, third, etc.) part it should be indicated, for example, ‘Table 1 continued on the next page’
and ‘Table 1 continued’ before the split part of the table. To abbreviate line text, headings and
sub-headings the student may use letters or symbols. Explanations of these characters should be
given at the bottom of the table in size 10 font.
In accordance with research ethics the source of tables published by other authors should be
specified. If a figure is taken from scientific literature, then the source should be stated, e.g.
Source: Ruškus, 2002, p.111.
Example:
Developmental circumstances: attitudes of other people, stereotypes, traditions, laws
that do not defend rights, disregard of laws that defend rights, fear of being different
‘Different’
Employment
Learning
Participation
Adopting the role of ‘different’
Fig 1. Diagram of permanent (continuous) social exclusion and adopting the role of
‘different’
Source: Bagdonas et al., 2007, p. 27
If the author adds things to the figure, then a statement should be added: ‘adapted from’,
e.g. Source: adapted from Daugėla, 2003, p. 34. If a figure is compiled based on the text in the
scientific literature, then a statement should be added: ‘compiled from’, e.g. Source: compiled
from Žalimienė, 2007. Source should be indicated at the bottom of the figure in size 10 font.
Once the bachelor thesis has been completed, printed and bound, the student should state
the date of completion and sign on the last page of the thesis. The thesis should also contain 2
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envelopes attached to the last page of the thesis for opinions by thesis supervisor and reviewer,
and for an electronic medium.
6. Submitting the final bachelor thesis
A student shall hand in the ready final thesis to the supervisor not later than one month
before the beginning of the term of the defence of the final thesis indicated in the study
timetable. A student will submit the final thesis together with the declaration (Appendix 3) of the
prescribed form in which he confirms that the final thesis submitted for assessment has been
accomplished independently, without plagiarism and following the rules of academic writing.
Upon supervisor’s approval of the prepared final thesis, a student shall be obliged to upload
it in the University‘s information system Studies not later than within 10 working days before the
defence, and the supervisor shall mark in the system his consent for the defence of the work.
Upon supervisor’s prohibition to defend the work, a student shall be entitled to apply to the
chairman of the Committee who shall take a decision regarding the permit to defend the work.
The Committee shall appoint a reviewer who will be also marked in the information system
Studies. Two bound copies of the final thesis signed by the author and supervisor shall be
submitted to the Committee. Two envelopes for the entry of the supervisor’s comments and
review shall be attached on the internal side of the cover of the final thesis.
The reviewer shall upload a review (Appendix 4) in the information system Studies,
where he shall positively or negatively assess the work, at least before 2 days remaining to the
defence. Access to the review shall be provided to the author of the work, his supervisor and
members of the defence commission. Only final theses that have gone through the formal
counter – plagiarism check shall be defended. If plagiarism is stated in the work presented for
defence during the formal check or at the time of defence, the student who has provided it shall
be expelled from the University.
7. Defending the final bachelor thesis
Final thesis shall be defended in a public meeting of the qualification commission for the
defence of final theses. Defence of bachelor theses shall take place at the time indicated in the
time schedule. Defence shall be public and therefore may be attended by any wishing to do so.
A student shall prepare a brief, up to 8 minutes long, presentation of their thesis
presenting the essence of research conducted: a presentation of the research problem, research
objective, tasks, methods used, findings, and conclusions. After that a review shall be presented,
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the author of the final thesis shall answer to the submitted comments followed by the questions
of the qualification commission and other persons taking part in the defence. The supervisor of
work shall speak at the end of the defence. If the supervisor is not able to take part in the defence
meeting, he shall submit his comment in writing. If the reviewer does not participate in the
meeting, his review shall be read by one of the members of the commission.
8. Preparing a presentation of the final bachelor thesis
Preparation and delivery of a presentation is as important as writing the final thesis itself.
The purpose of a presentation is to present the final thesis. Successful delivery of a presentation
requires proper preparation. Delivery of the presentation should only start once the audience has
taken notice of the first slide of the presentation on the screen. It is recommended to start the
presentation from an introduction, topic of the thesis, formulated objective and only then go into
details of the presentation.
Below are suggested elements of the presentation and sequence of their delivery:

Introduction and presentation of the thesis topic

Presentation of the research object, objective, tasks and research methodology

Summary of research findings

Presentation of conclusions and proposals
In the preliminary stage of presentation preparation it is recommended to draw up a plan of
the presentation, highlight the main portions of information and only then decide on how to
present them visually. Visual material is necessary to illustrate the text of the presentation.
There are four main features to a successful presentation, i.e. size of the text presented,
simplicity of presentation, clarity and consistency of presentation.
Size of the text presented. Visual material of the presentation is needed for the audience to
see it. The best size to ensure visibility is size 32-48 font.
Simplicity. Slides should contain only key things that will be discussed further during
delivery itself. The audience should be able to understand the essence of information being
delivered in the first 5 minutes.

One slide should contain no more than 6 lines of text

One line of text should contain no more than 7 words

It is not recommended to show several slides incorporating text one after
another
Clarity. If information in the slides is difficult to see or read the audience will attempt at
finding out what is written in the slides as opposed to listening to the speaker. It is important
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therefore to select the right type and size of font as well as colour palette for each slide. The most
efficient and traditional fonts, such as Helvetica and Arial should be used as Bold but not as
Italic. It is recommended to present only one matter per one slide.
Consistency. If just one visual style is chosen, e.g. particular font, colour palette,
highlighting of important terms or portions of information, this style should be consistently
maintained throughout the presentation. Information provided in the slides should be outlined in
a logic and consistent manner. It is possible to start the presentation and end it with the same
slide containing a generalisation of information. At the beginning it should introduce
presentation contents and relevancy of the topic studied and generalisation at the end of the
presentation should allow the overview of the main conclusions.
Useful advice to students preparing a PowerPoint presentation:
 Background of the slide should be as simple as possible. Background of the slides
should be as clean as possible most preferably white or very dark to ensure the best visibility
under any conditions.
 A good illustration is more effective than a bulleted text. Human brain responds better to
image rather than text.
9. Assessing the final bachelor thesis
The assessment as to the degree of completion and fitness for defence shall be made by the
thesis supervisor. The student seeking a bachelor’s degree shall be responsible for the decisions
made in the thesis, accuracy of findings, and conclusions made in the thesis.
Final these and their defence shall be assessed by the members of the thesis defence
commission. The final assessment grade for a thesis shall be determined as the average of grades
awarded by commission members. The assessment grade shall be recorded in the protocol of the
defence commission meeting, cover page of the thesis, and inputted on the defence sheet of the
IS Studies. A bachelor thesis shall be graded in a 10-grade assessment system for thesis quality
and the ability to defend it.
Criteria and weighted coefficients of the final thesis and its assessment shall be as follows:

Preparation of work, scientific level (substantiation of the relevance and
significance of the selected theme, formulation of the theme, clarity of research objective, tasks
and hypothesis / hypotheses, author‘s knowledge of the latest works of researchers,
appropriateness of research methods, significance and statistical reliability of the data, level of
interpretation of the results of the research, conformity of the findings with the tasks and their
validity); integrity, completeness of the content (it shall be assessed whether all compulsory
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elements of the structure of the work are in place, appropriateness of the scope of the work and
balance of the scope of structural parts, conformity of the parts with the text); quality of
execution (quality of the prints, visual material, scholarliness, logic, accuracy and laconic of the
language, appropriate presentation of the tables of the results, appropriate presentation of
pictures, questionnaires, lists of interlocutors, appropriate presentation of statistical data,
accuracy of citing sources of literature, quality of the presentation of the bibliographical
description). Weighted coefficient – 0.60.

Quality of the defence (ability of the student to present the work, quality of
presentation, ability to answer the questions). Weighted coefficient – 0.40.
Defence of the final bachelor theses shall be concluded by the chairman of the commission
who will sum up strengths and weakness of the theses defended and present assessment grades to
the authors of the theses.
The final grade of the work shall be set by deriving the mean of the grades of the members
of the commission and entered in the defence protocol, title page of the work and defence sheet
in information system Studies.
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Appendix 1
MYKOLAS ROMERIS UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES
INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL WORK (14 pt, Bold)
NAME AND SURNAME OF THE STUDENT
FULL-TIME/PART-TIME BACHELOR DEGREE STUDIES OF SOCIAL WORK (16 pt,
Bold)
TITLE OF THE THESIS (16 pt, Bold)
Final bachelor thesis (12 pt, Bold)
Supervisor: ...................................................
(Specify academic degree, academic title; name and surname)(12 pt, Italic)
Vilnius, year
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Appendix 2
Table of Contents (14 pt, Bold)
INTRODUCTION (12 pt, Bold)………………………………………………………….......1
1. HIGHLIGHTING OF THE PROBLEM OF MOTIVATION IN PSYCHOLOGICAL
LITERATURE (12 pt, Bold) ....................................................................................................5
1.1 Motives for learning (12 pt, Regular) …………………………………...................6
1.2 Impact of value orientation on motivation.............................................................. 12
1.3 Importance of internal and external motivation to learning…………….................17
2. MOTIVATION OF TEACHING ACTIVITIES AND ITS FORMATION IN
DIFFERENT AGE STAGES (12 pt, Bold) ………………………………..………..….......18
2.1 Problem of classification of motives for learning (12 pt, Regular) …....................18
2.2 Particulars of learning motivation in different age stages ………….….................25
2.3 Motivational value attitude in the process of students’ professional development .32
3. MOTIVATION OF 1ST AND 4TH YEAR MILITARY CADETS FOR LEARNING A
FOREIGN LANGUAGE (12 pt, Bold)...................................................................... ............40
3.1 Research methodology (12 pt, Regular)………………….......................................42
3.2 Research data analysis ………………………………..............................................45
CONCLUSIONS (12 pt, Bold)..………..……………………………..…………........….......65
RECOMMENDATIONS (12 pt, Bold) ……………………………………............................66
REFERENCES (12 pt, Bold) ....……………………….………………......……..... .............67
SUMMARY (12 pt, Bold) ................................…………………………….…………..……..70
SUMMARY (Summary in one foreign language) (12 pt, Bold) ...................…………….........71
APPENDICES (12 pt, Bold) ...........…..………………………………………….....................72
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Appendix 3
Form approved by Resolution No. 1SN-10 of the Senate
of Mykolas Romeris University of 20 November 2012
CONFIRMATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE WRITTEN WORK
20 - Vilnius
I, Mykolas Romeris University (hereinafter referred to as the University),
_____________________________________________________________________________
(Faculty / Institute, study programme)
Student____________________________________________________________________,
(Name, surname)
hereby confirm that this academic paper / Bachelor’s / Master’s final thesis
“
_____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________”:
1. Has been accomplished independently by me and in good faith;
2. Has never been submitted and defended in any other educational institution in Lithuania
or abroad;
3. Is written in accordance with principles of academic writing and being familiar with
methodological guidelines for academic papers.
I am aware of the fact that in case of breaching the principle of fair competition –
plagiarism – a student can be expelled from the University for the gross breach of
academic discipline.
____________________
(Signature)
_____________________________
(Name, surname)
17
Appendix 4
REVIEW
OF THE FINAL BACHELOR THESIS
Author:
Title:
Reviewer:
FEATURES OF REVIEW
NOTES BY THE REVIEWER
1
Relevancy and degree to which the
topic has been researched
Harmony of the main characteristics
of the thesis (object, objective and
tasks)
Theoretical completeness and
consistency
Ability to analyse, systemise and
generalise sources
Research structure, sample and
methods
Presentation, interpretation of
research findings
Validity, concreteness of
conclusions
Quality of language and style
Literature used (presentation,
number)
Technical formalisation
(correctness, uniform quoting,
references to sources)
Questions for discussion:
Final conclusion of the reviewer:
(Date)
(Signature)
Field ‘Notes by the reviewer’ should state whether the feature being assessed is covered, covered only in part, not
covered. It is preferable that the assessment is justified.
1
18
19
Appendix 5
APA (American Psychological Association)
Material Type
Book: single author
In-Text Citation
(Shotton, 1989)
Book: 2 or 3 authors
Reference List Example
Author, A. (year). Book title. Place of publication: Publisher.
Shotton, M. A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency. London,
England: Taylor & Francis.
Author, A., & Author, B. (year). Book title. Place of publication: Publisher.
(Wellman & Haythornthwaite,
2002)
Book: more than 3
authors
Wellman, B., & Haythornthwaite, C. A. (2002). The Internet in everyday life. Oxford,
England: Blackwell.
Author, A., & et al. (year). Book title. Place of publication: Publisher.
(Sharp & et al., 2002)
Book: corporate authors
Sharp, J. A., et al. (2002). The management of a student research project. Aldershot, England:
Gower.
Name of group author. (year). Book title. Place of publication: Publisher.
(OECD, 2007)
Book: no author
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2007). Babies and bosses:
Reconciling work and family life: A synthesis of findings for OECD countries. Paris, France
Book title. (year). Place of publication: Publisher.
(Good Housekeeping, 1995)
The Good Housekeeping illustrated book of child care: From newborn to preteen. (1995).
New York, NY: Hearst Books.
20
Book: chapter or article
Author, A. (year). Title of chapter. In A. Author & B. Author, Title of book (pages). Place of
publication: Publisher.
(Hayborn, 2008)
Haybron, D. M. (2008). Philosophy and the science of subjective well-being. In M. Eid & R.
J. Larsen, The science of subjective well-being (p. 17-43). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
E-book
(Motohashi, 2015)
Author, A. (year). Book title. doi:
or
Author, A. (year). Book title. Retrieved from http://www
Motohashi, K. (2015). Global Business Strategy. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-55468-4.
Journal article: print
Author, A. (year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume (number): pages.
(Light & Light, 2008)
Journal article: online
(Blas, 2014)
Light, M. A., & Light, I. H. (2008). The geographic expansion of Mexican immigration in the
United States and its implications for local law enforcement. Law Enforcement Executive
Forum Journal, 8(1), 73-82.
Author, A. (year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume (number), pages. doi:
or
Author, A. (year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume (number), pages. Retrieved from
http://www
Blas, N. (2014). Embedded Librarianship: What Every Academic Librarian Should Know.
Technical Services Quarterly, 31(3), 315-316. doi: 10.1080/07317131.2014.908658.
Newspaper article: print
Author, A. (year, month day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper, pages.
(Schwartz, 1993)
Newspaper article: online
Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic,
social status. The Washington Post, p. A1, A4.
Author, A. (year, month day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www
21
(Brody, 2007)
Brody, J. E. (2007, December 11). Mental reserves keep brain agile. The New York Times.
Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Website
Author, A. or Organisation (year). Name of Site. Retrieved from http://www
(United States Environmental Pro United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2004). Drinking water standards. Retrieved
tection Agency, 2004)
from http://water.epa.gov/drink
Author, A. (year). Title of doctoral dissertation or masters‘s thesis (doctoral dissertation or
master‘s thesis). Retrieved from
Dissertations and Theses
(Adams, 1973)
Conference papers:
unpublished
Adams, R. J. (1973). Building a foundation for evaluation of instruction in higher education
and continuing education (doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/
Author, A. (year, month). Title of paper. Paper presented at Conference name, Location.
(Brown & Caste, 2004)
CDs or DVDs
Brown, S., & Caste, V. (2004, May). Integrated obstacle detection framework. Paper
presented at the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Detroit, MI.
Author, A. (year). Title [CD or DVD, etc.]. Place of publication: Publisher.
(Guggenheim & Bender, 2006)
Lithuanian Legal
Documents
Guggenheim, D., & Bender, L. (2006). An inconvenient truth [DVD]. United States:
Paramount Home Entertainment.
Title of the Legal Document. (year). Title of Journal, volume (number).
(Lietuvos Respublikos akcinių
bendrovių įstatymas, 2000)
Lietuvos Respublikos akcinių bendrovių įstatymas (2000). Valstybės žinios, 64 (1914).
Lietuvos Aukščiausiojo Teismo Civilinių bylų skyriaus 2002 m. kovo 15 d. konsultacija Nr.
22
(Lietuvos aukščiausiojo teismo...,
2002)
(Šiaulių apygardos teismo..., 2014)
Cases and Legislation
(Land Berlin v. Wigei, 1980)
For the Legal Documents
APA follows the
recommendations of The
Bluebook: A Uniform
System of Citation
(Lessard v. Schmidt, 1972)
(North American Free Trade
Agreement, 1992)
A3-60. (2002). Teismų praktika, 17.
Title of the Legal Document. Retrieved from http://www
Šiaulių apygardos teismo Civilinių bylų skyriaus 2014 m. liepos 7 d. nutartis civilinėje byloje
Nr. 2A-481-357/2014. Prieiga per internetą:
<http://www.infolex.lt/tp/Default.aspx?id=20&item=doc&aktoid=833963>
Name of the case, Name v. Name, Year Source Page (Court Date)
Case 30/79, Land Berlin v. Wigei, 1980 E.C.R. 151.
Name v. Name, Volume Source Page (Court Date).
Lessard v. Schmidt, 349 F. Supp. 1078 (E. D. Wis. 1972).
Title of the Contract, the Parties, Signing date, year, Source information (year).
North American Free Trade Agreement, U.S.-Can.-Mex., Dec.17, 1992, 32 I.L.M. 289 (1993).
Abbreviations:
E.C.R. – Report of Cases Before the Court of Justice of the European Communities
F. Supp. – Federal Supplement
E. D. Wis. – Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin
I.L.M. – International Legal Materials
23