MARKET BASED SOLUTION FOR CLEAN,
AFFORDABLE DRINKING WATER IN HAITI
Mitigation Plan for Environmental Risks from DloHaiti Activity
Water and Sanitation
September, 2014
Environmental Mitigation Plan DLO HAITI: Water and Sanitation
Impact
No.
1
Description of Mitigation Measure
DloHaiti Mitigation Plan
a. Design facilities to minimize the need
for excavation, earth-moving and heavy
machinery use. All designs shall conform
to local and/or international technical
standards and shall be approved by a
certified engineer.
Facilities designed to International Building Code (IBC) 2009 and certified by
international structural engineering firm (Miyamoto International) certified in
California and by MTPTC
b. Construct potable water improvement
system at least 30 meters away from a
sump, latrine or any other potential source
of ground water pollution
Property chosen and borehole location selection to be away from any source of
human or chemical pollution.
c. Use fencing or equivalent that will
prevent livestock from grazing uphill or up
gradient of the water supply improvement
4-foot high fencing around entire property erected to prevent grazing or
encroachment by animals
a. Ensure adequate drainage around
water supply improvement is incorporated
into design.
Adequate soak pit and/or drainage into connected drainage canal incorporated
into the design at each site based on site-specific conditions
a. Use available local materials first, but
only if they provide long term, suitable
materials for building construction.
a. Local materials and labor prioritized for community engagement. All materials
apart of pre-fabricated building materials sourced locally from local suppliers
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b. Limit earth moving to dry seasons to
prevent erosion and sediment transport by
runoff.
b. Only limited amounts of soil movement is anticipated based on the low-impact
foundation and building design for a single-story, 600 square-foot facility
dloHaiti Operations, S.A. 42, Route de l'Aeroport | Port-au-Prince, Haiti
dloHaiti, Inc. 560 Mission Street | Suite 1300 | San Francisco, CA 94105
MARKET BASED SOLUTION FOR CLEAN,
AFFORDABLE DRINKING WATER IN HAITI
Environmental Mitigation Plan DLO HAITI: Water and Sanitation
Impact
No.
Description of Mitigation Measure
c. Prioritize purchasing raw construction
materials from certified construction
material company. If not feasible, locate
and choose accessible/nearest site for
extraction of suitable construction
materials and take appropriate measures
to fill up/reclaim every borrow pits when no
longer needed, to prevent accumulation of
standing water, use for waste disposal,
and erosion.
d. Locate earth piles away from water
bodies. If this is not possible, install
fencing to contain soil, or place tarps/hay
bales on piles to avoid sedimentation of
water body, and clogging of drainage
canals.
e. Minimize extraction of gravels and sand
from rivers and streambeds. If necessary,
do not remove gravels in riverbeds to the
river soil layer. Always maintain a layer of
gravels.
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a. Ensure that facilities improvements are
designed, performed and, and maintained
by qualified professionals
b. Limit earth moving to dry seasons
c. Minimize use of heavy machinery to
prevent erosion, noise, and air pollution
d. Put in place appropriate lining (PVC
pipe) to counter filling of the well bottom,
soil destabilization and collapse.
e. Dispose of construction
waste/excavated materials at controlled
sites with provisions for groundwater and
surface water protection
DloHaiti Mitigation Plan
c. Construction materials sourced from internationally recognized vendors
(Veerhouse Voda and STEACI) compliant with IBC and international codes
including IFC Social and Environmental Performance Standards
d. Not a risk as construction is not intended near bodies of water
e. Gravel use is limited. Provenance of gravel from each vendor verified prior to
contracting
a. Local building vendors conform with internal EHS standards as well as
internationally recognized standards (International Finance Corporation / World
Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards found at
http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_sit
e/ifc+sustainability/publications/publications_handbook_pps )
b. Construction period scheduled for October to March, the dry season in Haiti
c. Heavy machinery not required for construction; Borehole drilling equipment
limited to two-day period for each site
d. Borehole drilling vendor follow AWWA (American Water Works Association)
guidelines for borehole drilling, testing, and management.
e. Borehole partners conform to International Finance Corporation / World Bank
Environmental and Social Performance Standards found at
http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_sit
e/ifc+sustainability/publications/publications_handbook_pps
dloHaiti Operations, S.A. 42, Route de l'Aeroport | Port-au-Prince, Haiti
dloHaiti, Inc. 560 Mission Street | Suite 1300 | San Francisco, CA 94105
MARKET BASED SOLUTION FOR CLEAN,
AFFORDABLE DRINKING WATER IN HAITI
Environmental Mitigation Plan DLO HAITI: Water and Sanitation
Impact
No.
Description of Mitigation Measure
f. Provide potable water, adequate
protective gear, appropriate sanitary
and solid waste disposal facilities for
use by construction workers
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6
f. International construction partners conform with internal EHS standards as well
as internationally recognized standards (International Finance Corporation / World
Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards found at
http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_sit
e/ifc+sustainability/publications/publications_handbook_pps )
g. Avoid damaging vegetation, but if
damaged, re-vegetate with appropriate
species of soil-holding vegetative
cover
g. Not a risk
a. Finalize maintenance agreements with
the owner of the facility to monitor and
report water supply damages. Training of
the water facility management team must
be done previous to using the water
system.
b. Ensure that community fountains have
proper drainage to avoid creation of
standing water
c. Maintenance committee to monitor
drains and keep them clear of debris
d. Do not allow animals to drink directly
from or congregate around the water
source/fountain
e. Provide training and educational
materials to users of the facility (especially
women and children) on hygiene and
proper water use, and use of appropriate
water containers. Assist in procurement of
safe water containers if not available
locally.
Sites are dloHaiti managed and follow strict Standard Operating Procedures
(SOP) for water quality management and quality control. All staff are placed in
water quality training program provided by a third-party and adherence to all
procedures are audited as per dloHaiti’s adherence to International Finance
Corporation / World Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards
a. Do not site pit of toilet in wetlands or
next to a stream, river, lake or up-gradient
from a potable water source
b. Use ventilated improved pit design that
traps insect vectors. Encourage users to
add dirt and organic material such as
leaves occasionally to minimize odor and
insects.
7
DloHaiti Mitigation Plan
a. Limit earth moving/construction to dry
seasons
b. No use of heavy machinery must be
allowed to prevent erosion, noise and air
pollution
No pit toilets in use
a. Construction period scheduled for October to March, the dry season in Haiti
b. Heavy machinery not required for construction; Borehole drilling equipment
limited to two-day period for each site
c. Due to pre-fabricated construction components, construction waste is limited.
dloHaiti Operations, S.A. 42, Route de l'Aeroport | Port-au-Prince, Haiti
dloHaiti, Inc. 560 Mission Street | Suite 1300 | San Francisco, CA 94105
MARKET BASED SOLUTION FOR CLEAN,
AFFORDABLE DRINKING WATER IN HAITI
Environmental Mitigation Plan DLO HAITI: Water and Sanitation
Impact
No.
9
Description of Mitigation Measure
c. Dispose of construction waste at
controlled sites with provisions for
groundwater and surface water protection
c. International construction partners conform International Finance Corporation /
World Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards which control for
waster disposal and environmental impact of construction
d. Provide potable water, adequate
protective gear, appropriate sanitary and
solid waste disposal facilities for use by
construction workers.
d. International construction partners conform International Finance Corporation /
World Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards which control for
workplace health and safety standards including waste disposal and protective
gear
a. Ensure that pit slab and cover are
properly made and installed accordingly to
prevent contact between human waste
and flood water during heavy rains.
b. Establish and train local committee or
owner of the facility to monitor and
maintain toilets.
c. Ensure that toilet pits are properly
covered during the human waste is being
decomposed into compost.
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11
DloHaiti Mitigation Plan
a. Make awareness on hygiene rules
application among users and promote
good practices such as hand-washing.
a. Ensure capacity of septic system meets
demand.
b. Avoid direct discharge of effluent to
waterways. Work with septic waste
removal company, or if not available,
install secondary treatment, such as
passing effluent through an anaerobic
filter, followed by discharge to an
absorption field or constructed wetland
a. N/A: no pit toilet
b. Ecologically-friendly eco compost toilets are managed and maintained by
dloHaiti staff. Cleaning and maintenance is audited weekly. These compost toilets
are American made and is the first composting toilet in the world to receive the
Svan Ecolabel from The Nordic Council of Ministers. Testing for the Svan Ecolabel
is the most extensive testing and follow stringent ecological requirements.
More found at http://www.ez-loo.com/
c. DloHaiti toilets rely on composting for human and biological waste management
are designed for minimum impact to the environment and as the best complement
to a water treatment facility. Due to the lack of waste management services and
sewage systems needed to maintain a conventional septic system, composting
mitigates the risk of contamination to the water table from conventional septic
systems.
Site staff follow strict Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for workplace
hygiene and control of contamination vectors. All staff are placed in water quality
training program provided by a third-party and adherence to all procedures are
audited as per dloHaiti’s adherence to International Finance Corporation / World
Bank Environmental and Social Performance Standards
The regions in which dloHaiti operate lack of waste management services and
sewage systems to maintain a conventional septic system. dloHaiti Water Quality
Specialist (Helene Baribeau, PhD in water quality and disinfection) developed the
strategy to use a waterless composting toilet as the best solution for mitigating the
risk of contamination to the water table from conventional septic systems and for
managing human and organic waste at dloHaiti sites.
More details on the toilets used can be found at http://www.ez-loo.com/
dloHaiti Operations, S.A. 42, Route de l'Aeroport | Port-au-Prince, Haiti
dloHaiti, Inc. 560 Mission Street | Suite 1300 | San Francisco, CA 94105
MARKET BASED SOLUTION FOR CLEAN,
AFFORDABLE DRINKING WATER IN HAITI
Environmental Mitigation Plan DLO HAITI: Water and Sanitation
Impact
No.
Description of Mitigation Measure
DloHaiti Mitigation Plan
14
a. Design and carefully construct/install
septic tanks to avoid cracks, which can
result in malfunctioning of the septic
system and lead to wastewater discharge
in the environment. Site seismic conditions
must be considered.
The regions in which dloHaiti operate lack of waste management services and
sewage systems to maintain a conventional septic system. dloHaiti Water Quality
Specialist (Helene Baribeau, PhD in water quality and disinfection) developed the
strategy to use a waterless composting toilet as the best solution for mitigating the
risk of contamination to the water table from conventional septic systems and for
managing human and organic waste at dloHaiti sites.
Thus no septic tanks were used.
15
a. Ensure that a reliable system for safely
removing sludge and transporting the
collected material off-site for treatment is
available. This should include use of a
mechanized (probably vacuum-based)
removal system.
b. Ensure that the removed sludge is
transported and treated at an approved
sewage treatment facility and treatment is
performed as per standards to prevent
effects on soil and groundwater.
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a. Not applicable
b. Not applicable
a. Consider other sustainable and longterm alternatives like composting systems
and bio-digesters to limit the socioeconomic cost associated to the disposal
of sewage for local people.
dloHaiti uses a composting system for the management of human and organic
waste. dloHaiti Water Quality Specialist (Helene Baribeau, PhD in water quality
and disinfection) developed the strategy to use a waterless composting toilet as
the best solution for mitigating the risk of contamination to the water table from
conventional septic systems and for managing human and organic waste at
dloHaiti sites.
More details on the toilets used can be found at http://www.ez-loo.com/
a. Make awareness on hygiene rules
application among users and promote
good practices such as hand-washing.
dloHaiti product packaging and residual chlorination policies reduce the risk of
downstream water contamination.
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dloHaiti Operations, S.A. 42, Route de l'Aeroport | Port-au-Prince, Haiti
dloHaiti, Inc. 560 Mission Street | Suite 1300 | San Francisco, CA 94105