Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory FY ‘11
Summary
The Fiscal Year 2011 Greenhouse Gas Inventory details greenhouse gasses (GHG) emitted by Hobart and
William Smith Colleges (HWS) during the 2011 fiscal year, June 2010 to May 2011. Data were collected in
spring 2012 and inputted by Project Specialist Joel Andruski H’11 and Student Intern Noah Lucas H’13 under
the supervision of Sustainability Manager James Landi H’08 and Professor Tom Drennen to Clean Air Cool
Planet’s (CACP) GHG Calculator.
The FY’ 11 GHG Inventory accounts for all direct and indirect sources of greenhouse gasses specified by CACP’s
accounting scope and methodology. In FY ‘11, Hobart and William Smith Colleges’ net emissions were 14,357
metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCDE). This compares to the Colleges’ FY ‘09 net emissions level of
14,910 MTCDE. The format and methodology used in FY ‘11 Inventory were similar to those used in FY ’09 with
the exception of minor modifications to the analysis of Scope 3.
Scope 1 & 2 Emissions represent the most consistent year to year performance comparison. In FY ‘11 emission
levels from Scope 1 were 6091 MTCDE and FY ’09 were 6,208 MTCDE, respectively. Scope 2 emission levels
were 3,443 MTCDE in FY ‘11 and 3,878.2 MTCDE in FY ’09. Percent reduction between FY ‘11 and FY ’09 Scope
1 and 2 emissions were 6%.
The results from this inventory will help HWS track emission reduction progress and identify emission
reduction priorities in its goal to achieve climate neutrality (net-zero greenhouse gas emissions) by 2025.
Methods
The Clean Air Cool Planet Greenhouse Gas Calculator groups GHG emissions into three ‘scopes’:
Scope 1:
 Heat Generation
 Campus Vehicle Fleet
 Fertilizer Applications
 Refrigerant Chemical Leakages
 Electricity used by Electrically Powered Vehicles
Scope 2:

Purchased Electricity
Scope 3:
 Faculty, Staff and Student Commuting
 Directly Financed Air Travel
 Directly Financed Vehicle Miles
 Air Travel to Study Abroad Programs
 Solid Waste Disposal
The FY ’11 GHG Inventory’s Scope 1 & 2 accounting methodologies are the same as FY ’09. Scope 3 accounting
methodologies do, however differ significantly from FY’ 07 to FY ’09 and also FY ’11 Inventories. Details about
Scope 3 accounting methodologies for the FY ’11 Scope 3 Emissions are in File: Carbon
Calculator_Reference_7-6-12, Sheet: Variations in Accounting.
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Data Collection
All data collection for FY ‘11 GHG Inventory was gathered upon request by James Landi.
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Data collected for natural gas use, electricity consumption, the university fleet’s fuel consumption,
total solid waste production, refrigerant chemical leakage, fertilizer applications, and renewable
energy credits was received from HWS Buildings and Grounds.
Tom D’Agostino from the Center for Global Education provided study abroad travel itineraries.
Transportation data for faculty, staff, and student commuting was compiled from survey responses:
o 272 students responded to the Student Transportation Survey; a 13% response rate, and 290
faculty and staff responded to the Faculty and Staff Transportation Survey; a 41% response
rate.
The FY 2010-2011 survey was modified from a previous FY ’08-’09 version. The surveys are provided in
Figure 10A and Figure 11A. The survey was distributed electronically using HWS’s IT based program,
Surveyor and submissions were anonymous. The 2010-2011 surveys can be found in the Surveyor
Program under subject heading “environmental studies”
o FacStaff Survey Title: HWS Faculty and Staff Transportation Questionnaire
o Student Survey Title: HWS Student Transportation Questionnaire
Athletic team travel was gathered from the Hobart and William Smith athletics. Coaches indicated the
teams mode of transportation next to travel schedules. In addition, coaches were asked to report any
team travel that was not formally listed on the schedule, e.g. spring break team trips. Once the
coaches had responded the distances travelled in road vehicles (buses, cars or rental vans – excluding
campus vans) were calculated using Google Maps.
o Hobart and William Smith Colleges were assigned as the start point with the final destination
being the campus of the scheduled opponent (unless otherwise indicated by the coach).
Distances travelled by air were calculated using the itineraries provided by Center for Global Education,
coaches, and faculty responses from the transportation survey that they completed. The distances
were calculated using http://www.webflyer.com/travel/mileage_calculator/ . The website calculated the
distance travelled by airplanes on each leg of the trip.
Details by Scope
Scope 1
Figure 1 – On-Campus Stationary
 109,660.1 MMBTU of Natural Gas
 5803.1 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 HWS only uses natural gas or purchased electricity (accounted for in Scope 2) to heat properties
 Data provided was in therms. The CA-CP calculator required on-campus stationary to be reported in
MMBTU – conversion was made by multiplying Therms X .1 MMBTU/Therm.
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12, Sheet: HWS Monthly Energy
Report, Cell: O11.
Figure 2 – University Fleet
 26262.60 gallons of gasoline & 3065.00 gallons of diesel
 265.4 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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All university fleet vehicles run on either gasoline or diesel fuel.
Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12, Sheet: Campus Vehicles.
o Conferences and Events data were pulled from FY ‘09 Inventory – Mileage was not tracked in FY
’11 and FY ‘09 data was used as a placeholder
Figure 3 – Electric Fleet
 HWS owns and operates one electric truck and four electric utility carts.
 Electricity consumption from the electric vehicles is not currently distinguishable (not submetered)
from the campus’ total electricity consumption and is included in Scope 2 purchased electricity.
Figure 4 – Refrigerants and Chemicals
 25 pounds of HCFC-22 and 25 pounds of other refrigerants and chemicals
 19.3 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Fugitive Emission Data were pulled from FY ‘09 Inventory – fugitive emissions were not tracked in FY
’11 and FY ‘09 data was used as a placeholder
Figure 5 – Agriculture
 4,000lbs of Synthetic Fertilizer
 293.6 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Data consisted of fertilizer application to HWS grounds and athletic facilities.
o 50% of fertilizer used contained 20% nitrogen; the remaining 50% contained 15% nitrogen.
o The nitrogen content of the fertilizer was calculated by taking the weighted average of the
nitrogen contents from the two different types of fertilizer used. The nitrogen content
recorded in the CA-CP calculator was 17.5% nitrogen in the synthetic fertilizer applied.
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12, Sheet: Fertilizer
Scope 2
Figure 6 – Purchased Electricity
 11,063,933 kWh
 3443.3 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12, Sheet: HWS Monthly Energy
Report, Cell: O43.
Scope 3
Figure 7 – Total Air Travel
 1,351,693 air miles
 1049.4 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Study Abroad Air Travel
 256,189 air miles
 198.9 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Only travel to and from the study abroad programs was recorded. Any emissions produced from air
travel by students during the abroad programs were not claimed as the responsibility of HWS.
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The distances flown to study abroad programs were calculated using the website
http://www.webflyer.com/travel/mileage_calculator/
 Data included Summer ‘10, Fall ‘10, and Spring ‘11 programs.
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheet: Study Abroad_10-11, Cell:
J160
Athletics
 13,850 air miles
 10.8 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Distances were calculated using http://www.webflyer.com/travel/mileage_calculator/.
 A number of teams did not provide team travel trips that were not on the schedule.
 Data included the Fall 2010, Winter 2010/11, and Spring 2011 Athletic Seasons.
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheet: Directly Financed Travel,
Cell: H2
Faculty and Staff Air Travel
 1,081,654 air miles
 839.8 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Air travel data for faculty and staff was collected from the Faculty and Staff Transportation Survey.
 FacStaff air travel was gathered from the FacStaff 10-11 survey. Air miles reported were aggregated
and reported by a weighted average of the total 10-11 FacStaff population
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheet: Directly Financed Travel,
Cell: H4
Figure 8 – Total Land Vehicle Travel
 8,674,399 car miles, 44,653 bus miles & 890 train miles
 3504.6 MTCDE (car), 11.3 MTCDE (bus) & .1MTCDE (train)
Athletics (Bus, Car)
 42,141.7 bus miles & 191.8 car miles
 11.3MTCDE (bus), .1 MTCDE (car) – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Vehicle miles from 12 passenger vans were recorded under University Fleet Emissions
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheets: Directly Financed Travel,
(Bus) Cell: D2, (Car) Cell: F2
Reimbursed Vehicle Miles (Bus, Car, Train)
 155,775.3 car miles & 890 train miles
 62.9 MTCDE (car) & .1 MTCDE (train) – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheets: Directly Financed Travel
(Cars), Cell: F4, Study Abroad (Train), Cell: K160
Student Commuting1
 316,680 vehicle miles
1
Student Commuting data gathering methodology provided in file: Carbon Calculator_Reference_7-6-2,
Sheet: Student Corrected 10-11
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 127.9 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheets: GHG Commuter, Cell: I26
Faculty and Staff Commuting2
 8,201,752 vehicle miles
 3,313.7 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Data can be accessed from file Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 , Sheets: GHG Commuter, Cell:
AX26
Figure 9 – Solid Waste
 624 tons of municipal solid waste
 108.9 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Solid Waste is sent to Ontario County Landfill.
 Ontario County Landfill utilizes methane recovery and electricity generation at its facilities.
 Solid Waste data can be found in Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12, Sheet: Solid Waste – Compost,
Cell: N34
Figure 10 – Purchased Electricity Transmission & Distribution Losses
 340.5 MTCDE – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Emissions resulting from electricity transmission and distribution losses
 Data can be referenced from CACP_Primary Calc_7-6-12, Sheet: S_eCO2_Sum, Cell: Scope 2 T&D Losses
Figure 10 – Emission Reductions
 72 Tons of Compost & 529320 kwh Renewable Energy
 27.7 MTCDE (Compost) & 164.7 MTCDE (RECS) Offsets – Resulting Greenhouse Gas Emission Offsets
 Sources of possible emission reductions include composting weight and “Green Power Certificates”,
 Offset Data can be found in Carbon Calculator Reference 7-6-12 Sheet: Renewable Energy Credits, &
Sheet: Solid Waste – Compost, Cell: B19
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Faculty and Staff commuting data gathering methodology provided in file: Carbon Calculator_Reference_7-6-12,
Sheet: Fac/Staff Corrected 10-11
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Table 1 – Details of Source Emission Categorized by Scope
Net Emissions
Offsets
Scope 3
Scope 2
Scope 1
Source
Natural Gas
Direct Transportation
Agriculture
Refrigerants
Total (Scope 1)
Purchased Electricity
Total (Scope 2)
Air Travel
Total Land Vehicle
Miles
Solid Waste
T&D Electricity Loss
Total (Scope 3)
Renewable Energy
Credits
Compost
Total (Offset)
Source Units
109,660.1 MMBTU
26262.60 gallons of gasoline
3065.00 gallons of diesel
4,000lbs
25lbs HCFC-22 & 25lbs Other
Resulting GHG Emissions
5,803.1 MTCDE
11,063,933 kWh
3,443.3 MTCDE
1,351,693 miles
3,443.3 MTCDE
1,049.4 MTCDE
8,719,942 miles
3,516 MTCDE
623.67 tons
108.9 MTCDE
340.5 MTCDE
5,014.9 MTCDE
265.4 MTCDE
2.9 MTCDE
19.3 MTCDE
6090.7 MTCDE
529,320 kWh
72 tons composted
Net Emissions (Total
Emissions - Offset)
164.7 MTCDE
27.7 MTCDE
192.4 MTCDE
14,356.6
Table 2 – Scope 1 & Scope 2 year to year Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Year
2006/207
(June-May)
2008/2009
(June-May)
2010/2011
(June-May)
GHG Emissions
10,0283 MTCDE
10,086 MTCDE
9534 MTCDE
GHG Emissions per Student
5.3 MTCDE/Student 5 MTCDE/Student
GHG Emissions per Campus Sq. Ft. .007 MTCDE/Sq.Ft
4.6 MTCDE/Student
.0067 MTCDE/ Sq.Ft .0065 MTCDE/ Sq.Ft
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Refrigerant data was not included in the FY ’07 GHG Inventory. Placeholder emission level of 19.3 MTCDE was added to Scope 1 to
Scope 2 to give a better performance comparison between the three years.
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Chart 1 – Total and Scope 1 & 2 Emissions; Referenced from Table 2
Total and Scope 1 & 2 Emissions
12000
10000
8000
Total Scope 1 & 2 Emissions
6000
Scope 1 Emissions
4000
Scope 2 Emissions
2000
0
2006-2007
2008-2009
2010-2011
Chart 2 – Scope 1 & 2 Emissions per Student; Referenced from Table 2
Scope 1 & 2 Emissions per Student
2150
5.4
2100
5.2
2050
5
2000
1950
1900
1850
4.8
Student Population
4.6
Emissions per Student
4.4
1800
1750
4.2
2006-2007
2008-2009
2010-2011
Chart 2 – Scope 1 & 2 Emissions per Student; Referenced from Table 2
Scope 1 & 2 Emissions per Campus Sq. Ft.
1510000
1500000
1490000
1480000
1470000
1460000
1450000
1440000
1430000
1420000
1410000
1400000
0.007
0.0069
0.0068
0.0067
0.0066
Campus Sq. Ft.
Emissions per Sq. Ft.
0.0065
0.0064
0.0063
2006-2007 2008-2009 2010-2011
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Chart 3 – Scope 1, 2 & 3 not adjusted for Offsets; Referenced from Table 1
Total Emissions by Scope in MTCDE Not Adjusted for Offsets
5,014.90
6090.7
Scope 1
Scope 2
3,443.30
Scope 3
Chart 4 – Scope 1 source breakdown; Referenced from Table 1
Scope 1 Emissions by Source in MTCDE
2.9
265.4
19.3
Natural Gas
Direct transportation
5,803.10
Agriculture
Refrigerants
Chart 5 – Scope 2 source breakdown; Referenced from Table 1
Scope 2 Emissions by Source in MTCDE
Purchased Electricity
3,443.30
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Chart 6 – Scope 3 source breakdown; Referenced from Table 1
Scope 3 Emissions by Source in MTCDE
108.9
3,516
Air Travel
1,049.40
T&D Electricity Loss
Total land Vehicle Miles
340.5
Solid Waste
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