Supplementary Materials
Supplementary Table 1 – Bivariate analysis of problem-gambling severity and individual problem-shopping items among past-year shoppers (APRS and nonARPS)
Total (%)
NG (%)
LRG (%)
ARPG (%)
x2
p
1- Have you ever tried to cut back on buying things?
18.0
19.5
16.9
19.6
1.52
0.4681
2- Has a family member ever expressed concern about the amount of time
you spend shopping?
22.7
26.7
20.6
24.9
4.84
0.0888
3- Have you ever missed school, work or other important social activities
because you were shopping?
18.6
16.7
17.6
21.8
3.47
0.1761
4- Do you think you have a problem with excessive shopping?
8.2
9.1
6.6
11.3
7.53
0.023
5- Have you ever experienced an irresistible urge or uncontrollable need
to buy things?
20.9
24.3
19.8
21.3
2.05
0.3587
6- Have you ever experienced a growing tension or anxiety that can only
be relieved by shopping?
13.8
14.8
12.1
17.0
5.1435
0.0764
Shopping Item
NG = non-gambling; LRG = low-risk gambling; ARPG = at-risk/problem gambling
Supplementary Table 2 – Bivariate analyses of problem-gambling severity and health/functioning measures among adolescents with and without ARPS
ARPS
Variable
NG
LRG
Non-ARPS
ARPG
NG
X2
N
%
N
%
N
%
66
67.4
190
57.1
79
51.3
6.32
Paid part-time job
56
57.1
168
50.2
86
53.4
Other extracurricular
73
73.7
261
76.5
124
33
35.5
99
30.5
62
18
18.4
72
21.5
Never
55
59.1
171
Occasionally
26
28.0
Regularly
12
12.9
LRG
ARPG
p
X2
p
N
%
N
%
N
%
0.04
162
61.1
459
57.7
221
44.3
24.46
<.0001
1.62
0.44
175
66.0
461
57.4
228
56.4
7.29
0.03
0.36
0.84
181
66.5
622
76.3
329
80.1
16.71
<0.001
40.8
5.02
0.08
36
14.2
135
17.4
84
21.8
6.47
0.04
88
55.4
66.41
<.0001
28
10.6
203
25.1
168
41.5
80.85
<.0001
51.4
51
32.9
27.04
<.0001
199
76.8
496
61.9
224
55.6
31.54
<.0001
110
33.0
56
36.1
35
13.5
181
22.6
111
27.5
52
15.6
48
31.0
25
9.7
124
15.5
68
16.9
Academic/extracurricular
Grade average
Mainly A’s &B’s
76.5
Mood
Dysphoria/Depression
Aggression
Substance Use
Smoking, lifetime
Marijuana, lifetime
38
40.3
155
47.6
90
58.4
8.51
0.01
63
25.6
314
40.9
196
51.3
40.85
<.0001
Alcohol, lifetime
74
79.6
312
95.1
142
91.6
22.94
<.0001
177
70.0
676
88.6
346
89.2
59.06
<.0001
Never regular
14
27.0
66
25.1
30
28.6
7.48
0.28
44
45.8
176
33.3
60
21.4
35.45
<.0001
Light
15
28.9
72
27.4
30
28.6
30
31.3
145
27.4
74
26.4
Moderate
20
38.5
86
32.7
25
23.8
14
14.6
152
28.8
96
34.3
Heavy
3
5.8
39
14.8
20
19.1
8
8.3
56
10.6
50
17.9
9
11.1
30
11.8
36
28.4
19.04
<.0001
12
5.4
64
9.7
61
19.3
29.39
<.0001
None
18
19.0
58
17.4
19
12.0
10.74
0.03
97
37.0
149
18.5
89
22.2
64.98
<.0001
1-2 per day
53
55.8
167
50.2
70
44.3
132
50.4
443
55.1
175
43.6
3+ per day
24
25.3
108
32.4
69
43.7
33
12.6
212
26.4
137
34.2
Alcohol, current
Other drug, lifetime
Caffeine use
ARPS = at-risk/problem shopping; NG = non-gambling; LRG = low-risk gambling; ARPG = at-risk/problem gambling
Supplementary Table 3 – Bivariate comparisons of problem-gambling severity and gambling
behaviors, urges and motivations among adolescents with and without ARPS
ARPS
Variable
LRG
Non-ARPS
ARPG
LRG
ARPG
N
%
N
%
X2
p
N
%
N
%
X2
p
35
10.3
54
34.2
41.92
<.0001
112
13.9
140
34.7
70.70
<.0001
Pressure
13
3.9
29
18.1
28.67
<.0001
36
4.4
72
17.8
59.62
<.0001
Anxiety
3
1.0
26
17.2
45.17
<.0001
7
0.9
54
13.9
83.35
<.0001
Excitement
192
56.3
137
84.6
38.77
<.0001
517
63.4
343
83.5
52.59
<.0001
Financial
149
43.7
110
67.9
25.76
<.0001
355
43.6
319
77.6
128.03
<.0001
Escape
82
24.1
87
53.7
43.30
<.0001
181
22.2
173
42.1
53.60
<.0001
Social
107
31.4
79
48.8
14.25
<.001
282
34.6
217
52.8
37.48
<.0001
Family
150
44.0
86
53.1
3.65
0.06
331
40.6
226
55.0
22.77
<.0001
Friends
216
63.3
124
76.5
8.74
<.01
563
69.1
344
83.7
30.33
<.0001
Alone
11
3.2
33
20.4
40.44
<.0001
39
4.8
65
15.8
42.82
<.0001
44.32
<.0001
624
91.5
253
66.2
107.89
<.0001
58
8.5
129
33.8
Gambling Online
Gambling Urges
Gambling Motivations
Gambling Partners
Gambling Duration (hours/week)
< 1 hour
258
94.9
107
71.8
2+ hours
14
5.2
42
28.2
ARPS = at-risk/problem shopping; LRG = low-risk gambling; ARPG = at-risk/problem gambling