AP Chemistry
Name ____________________________________
Period ___ Date ___/___/___
1 – REVIEW - Matter and Measurement
1.
Identify the following changes as physical or chemical changes:
a. Baking soda reacts with vinegar to produce carbon dioxide. CHEMICAL
b. The copper sheath on the Statue of Liberty turns green. CHEMICAL
c. Addition of salt melts ice on the highway. PHYSICAL
d. Steam condenses on the windowpane. PHYSICAL
e. Epoxy resin cures and hardens. CHEMICAL
f. Sugar dissolves in a cup of coffee. PHYSICAL
g. Natural gas burns in a furnace. CHEMICAL
2.
a.
Calculate the density of lead if a 10 kg block has a volume of 885 cm3.
b.
D = M/V = 10 kg / 885 cm3 = 0.011 kg/cm3
What is the volume of a 100 g bar of aluminum if its density is 2.70 g·cm-3?
c.
V = M/D = 100 g / 2.70 g.cm-3 = 37 cm3
Calculate the mass of 100 cm3 of uranium (density 19.07 g·cm-3).
M=DV = (19.07 g.cm-3)(100 cm3) = 1907 g
4.
Convert:
c.
25C to K K = oC + 273.15 = 298.15 K
6.
Which of the following physical properties are extensive?
a. heat of fusion
d. viscosity
b. melting point
e. conductivity
c. color
f. density
7.
Write the names of the following elements:
a. N nitrogen
b. Ca calcium
e.
8.
9.
K potassium
d.
P phosphorous
V vanadium
Write the symbols for the following elements:
a. silicon Si
b. chlorine Cl
c. iron
f. sulfur S
Convert:
a. 1342 mL into L
b.
c.
3.26 x 10-6 km into mm
Fe
d. sodium
Na
e. silver
𝟏𝑳
1342 mL x 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝑳 = 1.342 L
3.26E-6 km x
𝟏,𝟎𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎
𝟏 𝒌𝒎
= 3.26 mm
Ag
𝟏𝒈
c.
8,768 mg into g
8768 mg x 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒈
= 8.768 g
d.
400 cm3 into m3
400 cm3 x 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 0.000400 m3
e.
3600 sq. in. into sq. ft.
3600 in2 x 𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝒊𝒏𝟐 = 25 ft2
𝟏 𝒎𝟑
𝟏 𝒇𝒕𝟐
10. Write the following numbers in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures:
a. 1,327
b. 0.00562
c. 2.76
d. 0.166
e. 0.09911
a. 1.327E3
b. 5.62E-3
c. 2.76E0
d. 1.66E-1
e. 9.911E-2
11. Measurements of the boiling point of a liquid were taken by two laboratory technicians (A and B). The
actual boiling point was 92.3. Which technician achieved the most accurate result and which technician
was the most precise?
A: 92.0
B: 91.9
92.1
92.5
92.4
92.6
92.2 More precise, all numbers were within ±0.3
92.0 More accurate, closest to actual true value
12. Match the prefix with the correct multiplier:
milli
mega
kilo
micro
centi
pico
10-3
106
103
10-6
10-2
10-12
10-6
103
10-2
106
10-12
10-3
13. Evaluate the following expressions. Express the answers in scientific notation with the correct number of
significant figures and the correct units.
a. 0.0045 in + 1.0098 in + 0.987 in + 23.08 in
= 25.08 in = 2.508E1 in
3
-3
3
b. (3.45 cm x 2.70 g·cm ) + (7.433 cm x 1.677 g·cm-3) = 21.78 g = 2.178E1 g
c. 2.703 g/(1.376 cm x 2.45 cm x 3.78 cm) = 0.212 g/cm3 = 2.12E-1 g/cm3
14. A 12.3 g block of an unknown metal is immersed in water in a graduated cylinder. The level of water in
the cylinder rose. The level of water in the cylinder rose exactly the same distance when 17.4 grams of
aluminum (density 2.70 g·cm-3) was added to the same cylinder. What is the unknown metal’s density?
𝑴
𝟏𝟕.𝟒 𝒈
Use density of Al and mass of Al to calculate volume of unknown metal. V = 𝑫 = 𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒈.𝒄𝒎−𝟑 = 6.44 cm3
𝑴
𝟏𝟐.𝟑 𝒈
Use the volume and mass of unknown metal to calculate its density. D = 𝑽 = 𝟔.𝟒𝟒 𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 1.90 g/cm3
15. The level of water in a graduated cylinder is at the 100 mL mark. When a platinum crucible floats on the
surface of the water, the level reads 157.9 mL. When the crucible is totally immersed in the same cylinder,
the level reads 102.70 mL. What is the density of platinum? The density of water is 0.997 g/mL at 25C.
To get the mass of the Pt you multiply 0.997 g/mL by 57.9 mL = 57.72 g, to get the volume of Pt you
𝑴
𝟓𝟕.𝟕𝟐 𝒈
subtract 102.70 mL – 100 mL = 2.70 mL. D = 𝑽 = 𝟐.𝟕𝟎 𝒎𝑳 = 21.3 g/mL
16. If one pound is 453.59 grams, how many grams are there in one ounce? How many ounces are there in one
kilogram?
𝟒𝟓𝟑.𝟓𝟗 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒔
Conversion Problem  1 ounce x 𝟏𝟔 𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔 = 28 grams in one ounce
17. A sample of gold alloy contains 5.6% silver by mass. How many grams of silver are there in 1 kilogram of
the alloy?
1 kg x
𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒈
𝟏 𝒌𝒈
= 1000 g x 0.056 = 56 g Ag in the alloy