Concept
History and
Views in
Psychology
Types of
Studies
Scientific
Method Terms
and Concepts
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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30.
Unit 1: History of Psychology and Research Methods
Chapters 1 and 2; pp. 1-59
2-4% AND 6-8% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
Structuralism
Functionalism
Gestalt Psychology
Biological View
Cognitive View
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic
Humanist View
Behavioral View
Trait View
Evolutionary/Socio-Biological View
Cohort-Sequential Study
Cross-Sectional Study
Longitudinal Study
Correlational Study
Case Study
Survey
Experimental Method
Double Blind Study
Hypothesis
Replication
Random Sample
Operational Definition
Confounding/Extraneous Variables
Expectancy Bias
Significant Difference
Standard Deviation
Mean
Median
Mode
Control Group
1
6
3
6
10
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
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2
3
1
1
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5
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1
1
1
1
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Miscellaneous
People to
Know
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
Correlational Coefficient
Normal Distribution
Skewed Distribution (+/-)
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Generalization of Results
Punnett Square
Phrenology
APA Ethical Guidelines
Wilhelm Wundt
William James
Gestalt (ists) (Max Wertheimer)
John Watson/Little Albert
Sigmund Freud
Concept
Miscellaneous
Neurons and
Neural
Transmission
Endocrine
System
Nervous
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
Genotype
Phenotype
Plasticity
Neuron
Myelin Sheath
Synaptic Vesicle
Sensory/Afferent Neuron
Motor/Efferent Neuron
Resting Potential
Action Potential (sodium/potassium)
Refractory Period
All or None Principle
Pituitary Gland
3
4
1
5
5
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
3
Unit 2: Biopsychology and Neuroscience
Chapter 3; pp. 60-107
8-10% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
*KNOW p 81, Figure 3.2, Functions of the Endocrine Glands
58. Sympathetic Nervous System
3
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
System
Neurotransmitters
People
Brain Scans
Parts of the
Brain
59. Parasympathetic Nervous System
1
60. Autonomic Nervous System
2
*KNOW p 78, Figure 3.5, Organization of the Nervous System
61. Dopamine
1
62. Norepinephrine
1
63. Acetylcholine
1
64. Endorphins
1
1
65. Seratonin
1
*KNOW p 76, Figure 3.1, 7 Important Neurotransmitters
66. Sperry and Gazzaniga- Split Mind
1
Experiment
67. EEG
68. CT
69. PET
1
70. MRI
1
71. fMRI
72. Motor Cortex
1
73. Somatosensory Cortex
1
74. Cerebellum
1
75. Thalamus
1
Processes all senses EXCEPT smell
76. Amygdala
2
77. Hypothalamus
5
2
78. Hippocampus
1
79. Pons
80. Reticular Formation
1
1
81. Medulla
82. Cerebral Cortex
2
83. Frontal Lobe
2
1
84. Temporal Lobe
2
85. Parietal Lobe
1
86. Occipital Lobe
2
1
87. Corpus Collosum
1
88. Wernicke’s Area
1
89. Brocca’s Area
1
90. Right Hemisphere
2
91. Left Hemisphere
1
Unit 3: Sensation and Perception
Chapter 4; pp. 108-155
Concept
Terms
92. Transduction
7-9% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
appearances
FRQs
(of 4
(1999released
Present)
exams)
2
Definition and Key Features
(Include associated psychologists
or concepts, if applicable)
Know where this occurs for
EACH sense
93.
94.
95.
96.
Vision
Touch Senses
Taste
Hearing
Perception
Sensory Adaptation
2
Absolute Threshold
2
Signal Detection Theory
2
Just Noticeable Difference/ Difference
1
Threshold
97. Selective Attention
1
98. Feature Detectors
1
99. Cocktail Party Effect
1
1
*KNOW p 129, Figure 4.4, Features of the Human Senses
100. Fovea
1
101. Blindspot/ Optic Nerve
1
102. Rods and Cones
2
1
103. Monocular Depth Cues
3
104. Binocular Depth Cues
3
105. Pupil
1
106. Retinal Disparity
1
1
107. Convergence
1
108. Bipolar Cells
3
109. Colorblindness/Color Vision
1
1
110. Opponent-Process Theory/
3
2
Afterimage
111. Vestibular Sense
1
1
112. Kinesthetic Sense
113. Gate Control Theory
1
114. Gustatory Sensations
1
115. Semicircular Canals
5
116. Auditory Canal, Eardrum, Hammer,
1
Anvil, Stirrup, Ossicles, Oval Window,
Cochlea
117. Sound Localization
1
118. Stroboscopic Movement
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Order from outer to inner ear
Gestalt
Principles
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
Bottom Up Processing
Top Down Processing
Law of Perceptual Grouping
Law of Similarity
Law of Proximity
Law of Continuity
Law of Common Fate
Law of Pragnanz
Visual Cliff Experiment
Concept
Terms
Classical
Conditioning
Operant
Conditioning
128.Learning
129.Habituation
130.Mere Exposure Effect
131.Long Term Potentiation
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
Unit 4: Learning
Chapter 6; pp. 194-231
7-9% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
1
1
*KNOW p 200, Figure 6.1, Classical Conditioning
*KNOW p 201, Figure 6.2, Acquisition, Extinction, Spontaneous Recovery
132. Classical Conditioning
4
133. Ivan Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
134. John Garcia
Taste Aversion
135. Neutral Stimulus
136. Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
2
1
137. Unconditioned Response (UCR)
2
138. Conditioned Simulus (CS)
2
1
139. Conditioned Response (CR)
2
140. Acquisition
141. Extinction (Classical Conditioning)
1
142. Stimulus Discrimination
2
143. Stimulus Generalization
1
144. Operant Conditioning
2
145. EL Thorndike
Operant Conditioning
Findings (depth perception and
age)
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Operant
Conditioning
Operant
Conditioning
Cognitive
Learning
Theory
Memory
146. Extinction (Operant Conditioning)
2
147. Token Economy
1
148. Shaping
1
149. Continuous Reinforcement
150. Intermittent Reinforcement
151. Reinforcement
2
152. Modeling
1
*KNOW p 210, Figure 6.4, Reinforcement Schedules
153. Fixed Ratio Schedule
1
154. V ariable Ratio Schedule
1
155. Fixed Interval Schedule
1
156. Variable Interval Schedule
1
157. Premack Principle
*KNOW p 213, Figure 6.1, Types of Operant Conditioning
158. Punishment
2
1
159. Negative Reinforcement
1
1
160. Positive Reinforcement
1
161. Omission Training (Negative
Punishment)
162. Observational Learning
2
2
163. Wolfgang Kohler
Insight Learning
164. Edward Tolman
Cognitive Maps
165. Albert Bandura
Social/Observational Learning
Unit 5: Cognition (Memory/Language)
Chapter 7; pp. 232-295
8-10% of AP EXAM
Concept
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
*KNOW p 240, Figure 7.1, Stages of Memory
166. Sensory Memory
167. Working Memory (STM)
1
168. Long Term Memory (LTM)
1
169. Maintenance/Rote Rehearsal
1
170. Elaborative Rehearsal
1
171. Consolidation
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Forgetting
Language
Cognition
172. Antegrade Amnesia
173. Retrograde Amnesia
174. Implicit/Explicit Memory
175. Encoding Specificity Principle
176. Recall
177. Recognition
178. Source Amnesia
179. Prospective Memory
180. Episodic Memory
181. Semantic Memory
182. Encoding
183. Procedural Memory
184. Flashbulb Memory
185. Method of Loci
186. Mnemonic
187. Reconstructed Memory
188. Mood Congruent Memory
189. Transience
190. Proactive Interference
191. Retroactive Interference
192. Serial Position Effect
193. Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon (TOT)
194. Noam Chomsky
195. Syntax
196. Morphemes
197. Phonemes
198. Overregularization/Overgeneralization
199. Theory of Linguistic Relativity AKA The
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
200. Prototype
201. Schema
202. Script
203. Algorithms
204. Heuristics
205. Availability Heuristic
206. Representative Heuristic
207. Functional Fixedness
208. Divergent Thinking
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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3
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1
1
1
1
3
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1
1
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1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
5
1
2
2
1
1
1
Language Acquisition Device
209. Confirmation Bias
210. Metacognition
211. Convergent Thinking
Concept
People and
their
Contributions
Terms/
Concepts
Emotion
212. Abraham Maslow
213. Hans Selye
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
Motivation
Motives in
Conflict
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
1
2
1
Unit 6: MESH- Motivation, Emotion, Stress and Health
Chapter 8; pp. 296-357
7-9% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
3
1
Hierarchy of Needs
3
GAS- General Adaptation
Syndrome
Hierarchy of Needs
General Adaptation Syndrome
How to cope with Stress
Learned Helplessness
Fixed Action Patterns
Homeostasis
Locus of Control
Set Point
Schachter-Singer’s 2 Factor Theory of
Emotion
Facial Expressions/ Universality of
Emotion
James-Lange Theory
Cannon-Bard Theory
Arousal Theory (Inverted U)
Incentive Theory
Drive Reduction Theory
Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation
Instinct Theory
Overjustification
Need for Achievement
Approach-Approach Conflict
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict
Multiple Approach-Avoidance Conflict
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
3
2
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Concept
Sleep
Sleep
Disorders
Drugs
237.
238.
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
Circadian Rhythms
REM Sleep
NREM Sleep
REM Rebound
Activation-Synthesis Theory
Narcolepsy
Cataplexy
Night Terrors
Hypnosis
Psychoactive Drugs
Hallucinogens
Stimulants
Depressants
Physical Dependence/ Withdrawal
Concept
Terms
Prenatal
Development
251. Continuity View
252. Discontinuity View
253. Gender typing
254. Temperament
255. Eugenics
256. Maturation
257. Critical Period
258. Zygote
259. Embryo
Unit 7: States of Consciousness
Chapter 5; pp. 156-193
2-4% of AP Exam
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
3
2
3
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
Unit 8: Lifespan Development
Chapter 9; pp. 358-407
7-9% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
1
1
3
1
1
3
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
People
Infant
Development
Parenting
Styles
Piagetan
Concepts
Types of
Attachment
Theorists
260. Fetus
261. Teratogens
262. Mary Ainsworth
2
2
1
Attachment (know the types of
attachment)
263. Harry Harlow
1
264. Jean Piaget
2
Stages (know all 4)
265. Erik Erikson
2
8 Stages
266. Lawrence Kohlberg
3
3 stages of moral reasoning
267. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
1
5 Stages of Death, Dying and Grief
268. Results of the Baby X experiment
1
269. Dianna Baumrind
1
Parenting Styles
*KNOW p 374, Figure 9.2, Development of Motor Control
270. Recognition of Self
1
271. Infant Reflexes (Grasping, Rooting,
2
Babinski, Posturing, etc)
272. Authoritative Parenting
1
273. Authoritarian Parenting
274. Permissive Parenting
275. Sensorimotor
1
276. Preoperational
277. Concrete Operational
1
278. Formal Operational
279. Assimilation
4
280. Accommodation
3
1
281. Egocentrism
1
282. Object Permanence
1
1
283. Secure Attachment
1
284. Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment
1
285. Anxious-Avoidant Attachment
Unit 9: Personality
Chapter 10; pp. 408-449
6-8% of AP EXAM
Concept
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
286. Alfred Adler
1
287. Carl Rogers
2
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
288. Sigmund Freud
289. Anna Freud
290. Carl Jung
291. The Big 5
Freud(s)
Concepts
Defense
Mechanisms
Personality
Tests
Terms
4
4
2
*KNOW p 414, Figure 10.1, Freud’s Psychosexual Stages
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
292. Fixation
293. Id
294. Ego
295. Super Ego
296. Rationalization
297. Projection
298. Denial
299. Reaction Formation
300. Sublimation
301. Regression
1
302. Repression
303. Projective Tests
1
304. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
2
305. Objective Tests
306. Personality
1
307. Type A Personality
1
308. Introversion
1
309. Optimism
1
Unit 10: Testing and Individual Differences (IQ)
Chapter 11; pp. 450-481
5-7% of AP EXAM
Concept
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
310. Binet and Simon
1
311. Terman’s Gifted Studies
1
312. Validity
3
1
313. Reliability
1
314. Split-Half Reliability
1
315. How to Calculate IQ
2
316. IQ- Mental Retardation
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
317. IQ- Average/Standard Deviation
318. IQ- Gifted
319. IQ- Genius
320. Savantism
321. Crystallized Intelligence
322. Fluid Intelligence
323. Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
324. Aptitude Tests
325. Achievement Tests
326. Twin Studies and IQ
Terms
Mood
Disorders
Anxiety
Disorders
Somatoform
Disorders
Dissociative
Disorders
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
3
Unit 11: Psychological Disorders (Abnormal)
Chapter 12; pp. 482-521
7-9% of AP EXAM
Concept
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
327. Hallucinations
1
1
328. Delusions
1
329. Abnormality
2
330. Paranoia
1
331. Consequences of Diagnostic Labeling
1
332. DSM-V
2
333. Mood Disorders
334. Depression
2
335. Seasonal Affective Disorder
1
336. Bipolar Disorder
1
337. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
1
1
338. Agoraphobia
1
339. Obsessions
1
340. Compulsions
1
341. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
1
342. Somatoform Disorders
2
343. Conversion Disorder
1
344. Hypochondrias
345. Dissociative Fugue
1
346. Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
1
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Schizophrenia
Personality
Disorders
Developmental
Disorders
347. Disorganized Schizophrenia
348. Paranoid Schizophrenia
349. Catatonic Schizophrenia
350. Undifferentiated Schizophrenia
351. Residual Schizophrenia
352. Dopamine Hypothesis
353. Diathesis-Stress Hypothesis
354. Antisocial Personality Disorder
355. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
356. Personality Disorders
357. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
358. Autism
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
Unit 12: Therapies
Chapter 13; pp. 522-563
5-7% of AP EXAM
Concept
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
*KNOW p 528, Figure 13.1, Types of Mental Health Professions
359. Albert Ellis- REBT
4
360. SSRIs
2
361. Psychoanalysis
3
362. Transference
1
363. Client-Centered Therapy
1
364. Cognitive Restructuring
1
365. Deinstitutionalization
2
366. Anti-Psychotics
1
367. Lithium Carbonate
1
Used to treat bipolar
368. Split Brain Surgery
1
Treats Epilepsy by severing the
Corpus Collosum
369. Cognitive Therapy
6
1
370. Behavior Therapy
12
3
371. Insight Therapy
6
372. Systematic Desensitization
3
373. Aversion Therapy
2
374. Tardive Dyskinesia
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Prozac
375. Electroconvulsive Therapy
376. Pre-Frontal Cortex Lobotomy
Concept
Experimentors
Social Terms
Compliance
Strategies
377. Stanley Milgram
378. Solomon Asch
379. Situationism
380. Dispositionism
381. Social Norms
382. Conformity
383. Sociologist
384. Culture
385. In Group Bias
386. Social Facilitation
387. Cognitive Dissonance
388. Fundamental Attribution Error
389. Self-Serving Bias
390. Prejudice
391. Discrimination
392. Social Loafing
393. Groupthink
394. Group Polarization
395. Bystander Effect/ Diffusion of
Responsibility
396. Ethnocentrism
397. Social Inhibition
398. Deindividuation
399. Self-Efficacy
400. Framing
401. Individualism
402. Foot in the Door Phenomenon
403. Door in the Face Phenomenon
2
Unit 13: Social Psychology
Chapter 14; pp. 564-606
7-9% of AP EXAM
# of MC
# of
Definition and Key Features
appearances
FRQs
(Include associated psychologists
(of 4
(1999or concepts, if applicable)
released
Present)
exams)
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Real Life Example ~OR~ Create
your own ?
Violence
Attraction
Persuasion
Strategies
404. Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
405. Matching Theory
406. Central Route to Persuasion
407. Peripheral Route to Persuasion
1
2
1