‫المحاضرة االولى‬
Infectious disease
‫م اسعد جاسب العتابي‬.‫م‬
‫ جامعة الكوفة‬- ‫كلية الطب البيطري‬
Disease: any abnormal (infection or behavior )
Clinical disease:-disease with specific signs
subclinical disease: disease without specific signs
EPIDIMIOLOGY: occur and distribution of disease
Pathogenesis: mechanism of action of M.O
Pathogenicity: severity of disease
Infectious :presence of living M.O in or on animal body
Effect of disease on animal body depend on
1)general condition
2)virulence of M.O
3)Dose OF m.o
4)Route of infection
5)specious of animal
Contagious disease: disease transmitted from one animal to
another by direct or indirect contact e.g FMD
Infectious disease: is the disease are not transmitted from one
animal to another e.g Tetanous ,all contagious dis. are infectious while
not all infectious dis. are contagious
Enzootic disease: Infectious dis. with focus of infection
1
Epizootic disease: wide distributed contagions disease
Morbidity rate= No.of affected/Population*100
Mortality rate= No.of death/Population*100
EQUINE DISEASE
Strangles
EQUINE DISTEMPER
Definition
It is an acute highly contagious Disease of horse characterized by
inflammation of upper Respiratory tract and abcessation of regional
Lymph nodes.
Etiology
Streptococcus equi
Epidemiology
It is worldwide in distribution ,the predisposing factor include :1)cold weather, crowding , and transport animals.
2) Streptococcus equi is very resistant bacteria may stay several weeks
or months.
3)the bacteria can persist living in the pharynx of normal horse for 8
monthes
Death is due to extention of infection to other organs and complication
Sourse of infection Nasal discharge of infected animals
Transmition By Inhalation of an infected droplet and by ingested of
contaminated food and water
2
Immunity
Strong immunity after infection and the Ab pass through the colostrum
to the foals and give protection for first month.
Pathogenesis
After infection the M.O go to nasopharynx there is colonization and
multiplication
Adhesion to epithelial cells
Pharyngitis
Drainage to reginal L.N and abcessation
Clinical Signs
1)the incubation period 4-8 days
2)there is depression, anorexia, and fever for 39.5-40
3)nasal discharge then become copious and purulent
4)difficult in swallowing and regurgitation from the nostril
5)there are moist soft cough and painful
6)swelling and abcessation of submandibular L.N ,then rupture with
thick creamy pus .
Complication of disease
The complication occur duo to metastasis of infection to other organs
1)purpura hemorrhagica
3
2)Guttural pouch infection
3)acute pneumonia
4)purulent meningitis
5)Abscess in spleen,liver, and lung
6)cardiac ditrerbance
D.Diagnosis
1)Equine viral Rhinopneomonitis
2)=
=
arteritis.
3) Equine influenza
4)infection with streptococcus zooepidermicus
5)Infection with streptococcus fecalis
6)Rhino virus
7)Adenovirus
8)Guttural pouch disease
Diagnosis
1)History and clinical signs
2)Clinical pathology
a)nasal swab,swab from abscess
b)serology . serum for haemagglotination test
c)haematology .blood sample: leukocytosis and neotropenia
anemia duo to hemolytic effect of streptococcus and toxin production
3)necropsy finding.
Suppuration in liver,spleen, and lung plural
4
Treatment
1)Specific treatment.
Sigle I.V ingection of Benzyl penicillin G in a dose 44000 i.u /kg BW
Procaine benzyle pencillin in a dose of 22000 i.u /kg BW
Twise daily for 5 dayes
2)General treatment
Soft diet ,keep the nostril and muscle clean and surgical tr. Using
poviodine.
Control
1)Isolation of infected animals
2)cleaning and disinfectant
3)emergency profilacting tr. For foals using Benzyl penicillin
4)quarantine for all infected horse
5)vaccination
a)commers kill vaccine
b) commers autogenous vaccine
c)intranasal vaccine
5