STUDY GUIDE FOR ELA/MATH ENRICHMENT
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20 TEST
5.
Example of an infinitive phrase that functions as a predicate nominative.
Marie’s idea was to try eating vegetarian twice a week.
ELA:
THE SENTENCE AND ITS PARTS, PART II (VERBAL PHRASES AND TYPES
OF SENTENCES)
ALLOWED TO USE PRETEST (TRUE AND FALSE QUESTIONS) AND ALL PRACTICE
ACTIVITIES!
Part III: Participles and Participial Phrases
1.
How is a participle formed?
verb plus an "-ed" or -"ing" ending
Part I:
Simple Sentences with Verbal Phrases
1.
What are the three kinds of verbal phrases?
2.
COMMONLY IS USED AS AN ADJECTIVE --- modifies subjects and
objects.
INFINITIVE, PARTICIPLE, GERUND
2.
How can verbal phrases function in sentences?
3.
SUBJECTS
3.
How do participles and participial phrases function in sentences?
Example of a participial phrase that modifies the subject of the sentence.
Baking in the oven, the bread smelled delicious. (PARTICIPLE—
OBJECTS (DIRECT, INDIRECT, OF THE PREPOSITION)
Part IV: Gerunds and Gerundive Phrases
MODIFIERS (ADJECTIVES OR ADVERBS)
1.
How is a verbal made?
VERB PLUS AN "-ED" OR "-ING" ENDING
BREAD)
How is a gerund formed?
VERB PLUS AN "-ED" OR "-ING" ENDING
2.
COMPOSED OF THE WORD "TO" PLUS A VERB
How do gerunds and gerundive phrases function in sentences?
SUBJECTS, OBJECTS OR PREDICATE NOMINATIVES (FOLLOW A
LINKING VERB---RENAMES THE SUBJECT)
Part II: Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases
3.
1.
Example of a gerundive phrase that functions as the subject of the sentence.
How is an infinitive formed?
Falling asleep was difficult for Mary that night.
MADE WITH THE WORD "TO" PLUS A VERB.
4.
2.
3.
How can infinitives and infinitive phrases function in sentences?
Example of a gerundive phrase that functions as the object of the
PREPOSITION.
SUBJECTS, OBJECTS, PREDICATE NOMINATIVES AND MODIFIERS
It was time for sleeping.
Example of an infinitive phrase that functions as a subject.
5.
To eat healthy is not enough; you also need regular physical exercise.
4
Jenny tried reading for a while.
Example of an infinitive phrase that functions as an object.
Colin wants to live forever, but he eats like there’s no tomorrow. (DO)
Example of a gerundive phrase that functions as the OBJECT OF THE
SENTENCE.
6.
Example of a gerundive phrase that functions as the PREDICATE
NOMINATIVE of the sentence.
His main goal is improving his brushwork.
GERUND VS. PARTICIPLE
Baking is a major project for the holidays. (GERUND/SUBJECT)
2.
Seeing the accident, Lori helped the boy to his feet. (PARTICIPLE—
LORI)
Part V: Compound Sentences
1.
2.
What is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE?
Dependent clauses have a subject and predicate, but must be accompanied by an
independent clause in order for its meaning to be clear.
3..
What two parts of speech introduce dependent clauses?
What is a clause?
RELATIVE PRONOUN
A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a predicate.
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION
What is an independent clause?
4.
Example of a complex sentence with a dependent clause introduced by a
relative pronoun. (Independent underlined once; dependent underlined twice!)
Independent clauses express a complete, understandable thought.
His hardest climb, which took him three days, was Mount Whitney.
3.
What is a compound sentence?
5.
4.
When two or more independent clauses are joined by a conjunction, a semicolon or both - they form a compound sentence.
Example of a complex sentence with a dependent clause introduced by a
subordinating conjunction. (Independent underlined once; dependent
underlined twice!)
Example of a compound sentence joined by a CONJUNCTION. Parentheses
used to highlight INDEPENDENT CLAUSES; do not use in your writing!!!!!
Rick and John enjoy hearing their father’s stories because he performs them so
cleverly.
(The benefit dinner was a success), but (the school band still needed more
money for new uniforms.)
5.
(I must have lost the tickets); (they aren’t in the envelope.)
What is a COMPOUND-COMPLEX sentence?
Compound-complex sentences contain two or more independent clauses and one or
more dependent clauses.
Example of a compound sentence joined by a semi-colon.
Parentheses used to highlight INDEPENDENT CLAUSES; do not use in your
writing!!!!!
7.
6.
7.
Example of a COMPOUND-COMPLEX sentence. (Independent underlined
once; dependent underlined twice!)
While she was fishing, Amy saw many deer, and she tried not to disturb
them.
Example of a compound sentence joined by a conjunction and a semi-colon.
Marisha works hard on her school work; however, she still has time for fun.
MATH SECTION: (open-note/practice, CALCULATORS ALLOWED)
PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM,
Part VI: Complex & Compound-Complex Sentences
1.
What is a COMPLEX SENTENCE?
VOLUME AND SURFACE AREA OF 2-D AND 3-D SHAPES
PRACTICE ACTIVITIES AND CALCULATORS WILL BE ALLOWED.
Complex sentences have one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
MOST OF THE QUESTIONS WILL BE IDENTICAL TO PROBLEMS
FROM VOLUME/SURFACE AREA WORKSHEETS, BUT NOT ALL!!!!!!!!!