BIOL 2402, A&P II Laboratory
Minimum required structures and slides for:
Exercise 43: Anatomy of the Urinary System
Dissection Exercise 8: Dissection of the Urinary System of the Cat
A. Identify the following structures on models and indicate the function of each:
1. On a body model:
renal artery and vein
kidney (include hilum and capsule)
renal pelvis
ureter
urinary bladder
trigone of the urinary bladder and ureteric orifices
internal urethral sphincter (smooth muscle)
urogenital diaphragm
external urethral sphincter (skeletal muscle)
urethra
in males: prostatic, membranous and spongy (penile) urethra
external urethral orifice
2. On a kidney model and/or preserved/fresh dissected kidney:
renal capsule (outermost layer of kidney, do not confuse with glomerular capsule)
cortex
medulla
renal column
renal pyramid
papilla of pyramid
renal column
nephron (since these are microscopic, know where they would be located)
urine drainage vessels
minor calyx (calyces—plural)
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter
3. Be able to trace a RBC in the blood vessels as it travels into and out of the kidney
4. Parts of the nephron on a model:
cortical and juxtaglomerular nephrons
renal corpuscle (includes glomerular capsule and glomerulus, do not confuse with
renal capsule)
capsular (parietal) layers of glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule
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capsular space
visceral layer of glomerular capsule composed of podocytes
glomerulus (glomeruli—plural)
proximal convoluted tubule
nephron loop (loop of Henle)
thick and thin descending limbs
thick and thin ascending limbs
distal convoluted tubule
juxtaglomerular complex (apparatus)
juxtaglomerular cells (specialized cells of afferent arteriole)
macula densa (specialized region of distal convoluted tubule)
collecting duct
vascular structures
afferent arteriole
efferent arteriole
peritubular capillaries
vasa recta
5. be able to trace filtrate from the renal corpuscle to the external urethral orifice
B. Microscope slides and structures to ID on each slide
1. Identify on a kidney slide: #70-72
cortex (contains glomeruli)
medulla (glomeruli absent)
glomerulus and podocytes
glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule
macula densa
2. Slides 73-75; note the transitional epithelium in ureter, bladder and female urethra
C. Structures to identify for the cat dissection:
kidney
ureter
urinary bladder
urethra
urogenital sinus (female)
penis (male)
renal artery
renal vein
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