Mr. B: Health 2
Today’s Objectives:
• List and describe at least 3 factors that influence the onset and intensity of alcohol’s effects.
• Describe typical alcohol-drug interactions.
• Explain the long-term effects of alcohol use.
• Describe the effects of alcohol poisoning.
Lesson 1: The Risks of Alcohol Use
Chapter 21 Lesson 1 Notes
Big Idea: _____________________ use can harm the body and the __________________ and cause a person to make poor
______________________.
Alcohol

Main Idea: Alcohol is an _____________________ drug. o Using alcohol during the ___________________ years can affect your brain ___________________________.

Alcohol, or more accurately, ___________________ is a powerful and addictive _________________. o Ethanol Def: The type of alcohol in alcoholic ________________________.

Ethanol can be produced _________________________, or naturally through the __________________________ of fruits, vegetables, and ______________________. o
Fermentation Def: The chemical action of ____________________ on sugars.
Short-Term Effects of Alcohol

Main Idea: Alcohol impairs the central _______________________ system. o Using alcohol slows ______________________ time, impairs _________________________, and diminishes
______________________________.

Alcohol is a _____________________________. o Depressant Def: A drug that ____________________ the central nervous system

The amount of alcohol that can cause ________________________ varies from person to person. o Intoxication Def: The state in which the body is ______________________ by alcohol or another substance, and the person’s __________________________ and mental _______________________ is significantly reduced.

Changes to the Brain o
Development

_______________________ and connections necessary for __________________ may be
__________________________damaged. o Memory

_______________________ processes are ___________________________, and memory and concentration are ___________________________. o Judgment and control

Judgment is _______________________ and coordination is impaired. __________________________, speech, and _______________________ may be affected. o Risk of Stroke

Alcohol use may increase risk of ______________________ in young people. o Cardiovascular Changes

___________________ amounts of alcohol can increase the _______________ ___________________ and blood pressure. _________________ levels of alcohol have the opposite effect, ____________________ heart rate and blood pressure. Heart rhythm becomes irregular. Body temperature ____________________.

Mr. B: Health 2 o Digestive System Problems
Chapter 21 Lesson 1 Notes

Stomach. Alcohol increases stomach ____________________ production and can cause nausea and vomiting. o
Liver and Kidney Problems

Liver. _____________________ chemicals are released as the liver metabolizes alcohol. These chemicals cause _________________________ and _______________________ of the liver tissue.

Kidneys. Alcohol causes the kidneys to increase ________________ output, which can lead to
__________________________. o Pancreas Problems

Pancreas. Consuming _____________________ amounts of alcohol quickly can cause pancreatitis, which is accompanied by acute, severe _______________. The pancreas produces enzymes that break down nutrients in foods. Alcohol use can disrupt the absorption of these nutrients. o
Alcohol use can __________________________ your performance in activities you enjoy.
 Factors that Influence Alcohol’s Effects o _______________ Size: A ___________________ person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol
______________________ than a larger person does. o Gender: Alcohol generally moves into the bloodstream faster in ___________________. o Food: Food in the ______________________ slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstream. o Rate of Intake: If a person drinks alcohol faster than the liver can break it down, the person becomes
________________________. o
_______________________: As the amount of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream
_______________________. o Medicine: Alcohol can _____________________ with the effects of ________________________, and medicines can heighten the effects of alcohol. o The effects of alcohol depend on many factors, including gender and body size.
Alcohol and Drug Interactions

Alcohol and drug interactions can lead to ____________________ or _______________________.

Medicines that may cause reactions have _____________________ __________________ that advise people not to use alcohol.
Long-Term Effects of Alcohol

Main Idea: Alcohol use can have _____________________ effects on a person’s health. o
Alcohol use can have _____________-term effects on a user’s physical, mental/emotional, and social health.

Excessive alcohol use over a long period of time can damage the ______________________. o _______________________ o _______________ of brain function o Brain ____________________

Excessive alcohol use over a long period of time can damage the ________________________ system o _____________________ damage o High ______________________ pressure

Excess alcohol use over a long period of time can damage the ______________________ system. o Irritation of ____________________ lining o
Fatty liver o Alcoholic __________________________

Mr. B: Health 2 o Cirrhosis of the liver

_____________________ alcohol use over a long period of time can damage the pancreas.

_____________________ chemicals destroy the pancreas, causing pain, vomiting, and even death.
Chapter 21 Lesson 1 Notes

If a person stops using ______________________, some of the physical effects of long-term alcohol use can be reversed over time.

The negative effects of alcohol use can also include damage to _________________________ with family, friends, and others.
Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning

Main Idea: Consuming a large amount of alcohol over a ____________________ period of time can be ________________. o Some people choose to drink large amounts of alcohol during one ____________________.

____________________ drinking can severely impair the drinker’s body ____________________. o Binge Drinking Def: Drinking ________________ or more _____________________ drinks at one sitting

Binge drinking can lead to alcohol ________________________. o Alcohol poisoning Def: A severe and potentially fatal physical _______________________ to an alcohol overdose.

Effects of Alcohol Poisoning o It is dangerous to assume that a person who has ________________ out after consuming a lot of alcohol will be fine if left to “________________ __________ _______________.” o If you suspect that a person has alcohol ____________________, call 911 immediately.

Symptoms of Alcohol Poisoning o Hypothermia or low body _______________________ o Irregular ___________________ o Slow ____________________ o Mental ______________________ and stupor o Coma and an _______________________ to be roused o
______________________ and seizures